Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
Alfredsson, L. (författare)
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
Batty, G. D. (författare)
University College London, London, United Kingdom
Bjorner, J. B. (författare)
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Denmark
Borritz, M. (författare)
Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Burr, H. (författare)
Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Berlin, Germany
Chastang, J. -F (författare)
Epidemiology in Occupational Health and Ergonomics (ESTER) Team, Angers, France
de Graaf, R.(författare)
Dragano, N. (författare)
University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
Hamer, M. (författare)
University College London, London, United Kingdom
Jokela, M. (författare)
University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Knutsson, A.(författare)
Koskenvuo, M. (författare)
University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Koskinen, A. (författare)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
Leineweber, C. (författare)
Stockholm University, Stockholm
Niedhammer, I. (författare)
Epidemiology in Occupational Health and Ergonomics (ESTER) Team, Angers, France
Nielsen, M. L. (författare)
Frederiksberg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
Nordin, M. (författare)
Stockholm University, Stockholm
Oksanen, T. (författare)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
Pejtersen, J. H. (författare)
Danish National Centre for Social Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
Pentti, J. (författare)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
Plaisier, I. (författare)
Netherlands Institute for Social Research, Hague, Netherlands
Salo, P. (författare)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
Singh-Manoux, A. (författare)
University College London, London, United Kingdom
Suominen, S. (författare)
Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
ten Have, M.(författare)
Theorell, T. (författare)
Stockholm University, Stockholm
Toppinen-Tanner, S. (författare)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
Vahtera, J. (författare)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
Väänänen, A. (författare)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
Westerholm, P. J. M. (författare)
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Denmark
Westerlund, H. (författare)
Stockholm University, Stockholm
Fransson, Eleonor I. (författare)
Stockholms universitet,Högskolan i Jönköping,HHJ, Avd. för naturvetenskap och biomedicin,HHJ. ADULT,Stressforskningsinstitutet,Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Jönköping University, Sweden
Heikkilä, K. (författare)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
Virtanen, M. (författare)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
Rugulies, R. (författare)
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Denmark
Kivimäki, M. (författare)
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
Fransson, E. I. (författare)
Stockholm University, Stockholm
Madsen, I. E. H. (författare)
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Denmark
Knutsson, Anders, 1942- (författare)
Mittuniversitetet,Avdelningen för hälsovetenskap
Ten Have, M. (författare)
Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, VS Utrecht, Netherlands
De Graaf, R. (författare)
Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, VS Utrecht, Netherlands
Chastang, J. -F.(författare)
Leineweber, Constanze (författare)
Stockholms universitet,Stressforskningsinstitutet
Nordin, Maria (författare)
Umeå universitet,Stockholms universitet,Stressforskningsinstitutet,Umeå University, Sweden,Institutionen för psykologi,Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
Background: Adverse psychosocial working environments characterized by job strain (the combination of high demands and low control at work) are associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms among employees, but evidence on clinically diagnosed depression is scarce. We examined job strain as a risk factor for clinical depression.Method: We identified published cohort studies from a systematic literature search in PubMed and PsycNET and obtained 14 cohort studies with unpublished individual-level data from the Individual-Participant-Data Meta-analysis in Working Populations (IPD-Work) Consortium. Summary estimates of the association were obtained using random-effects models. Individual-level data analyses were based on a pre-published study protocol.Results: We included six published studies with a total of 27 461 individuals and 914 incident cases of clinical depression. From unpublished datasets we included 120 221 individuals and 982 first episodes of hospital-treated clinical depression. Job strain was associated with an increased risk of clinical depression in both published [relative risk (RR) = 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.47–2.13] and unpublished datasets (RR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.04–1.55). Further individual participant analyses showed a similar association across sociodemographic subgroups and after excluding individuals with baseline somatic disease. The association was unchanged when excluding individuals with baseline depressive symptoms (RR = 1.25, 95% CI 0.94–1.65), but attenuated on adjustment for a continuous depressive symptoms score (RR = 1.03, 95% CI 0.81–1.32).Conclusions: Job strain may precipitate clinical depression among employees. Future intervention studies should test whether job strain is a modifiable risk factor for depression.
Ämnesord
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine -- Psychiatry (hsv//eng)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin -- Psykiatri (hsv//swe)
SOCIAL SCIENCES -- Psychology (hsv//eng)
SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP -- Psykologi (hsv//swe)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Klinisk medicin (hsv//swe)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Clinical Medicine (hsv//eng)
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES -- Health Sciences (hsv//eng)
MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP -- Hälsovetenskaper (hsv//swe)
Nyckelord
Observational studies; occupational health; work stress