| 43371. |
- Johansson Buvarp, Dongni, et al.
(författare)
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Preoperative Patient-Reported Outcomes in Suspected Low-Grade Glioma : Markers of Disease Severity and Correlations with Molecular Subtypes
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Medicine. - : MDPI. - 2077-0383. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This prospective study aims to determine the overall health-related quality of life (HRQoL), functioning, fatigue, and psychological distress preoperatively in patients with suspected diffuse low-grade glioma (dLGG). We were particularly interested if these parameters differed by molecular tumor subtypes: oligodendroglioma, IDHmut astrocytoma and IDHwt astrocytoma. Fifty-one patients answered self-assessed questionnaires prior to operation (median age 51 years; range 19-75; 19 females [37%]). Thirty-five (69%) patients had IDH-mutated tumors, of which 17 were 1p/19q codeleted (i.e., oligodendroglioma) and 18 non-1p/19q codeleted (i.e., IDHmut astrocytoma). A lower overall generic HRQoL was associated with a high level of fatigue (rs = -0.49, p < 0.001), visual disorder (rs = -0.5, p < 0.001), motor dysfunction (rs = -0.51, p < 0.001), depression (rs = -0.54, p < 0.001), and reduced functioning. Nearly half of the patients reported high fatigue (23 out of 51 patients) and anxiety (26/51 patients). Patients with IDHwt had worse generic HRQoL, worse functioning, and more severe fatigue, though differences were not statistically significant between the molecular subtypes. In conclusion, fatigue and anxiety are prominent self-assessed symptoms of patients with suspected dLGG in a preoperative setting, but do not seem to be a reliable method to make assumptions of underlying biology or guide treatment decisions.
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| 43372. |
- Johansson, C. A., et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of experiences of training emergency care in military exercises and competences among conscript nurses with different levels of education
- 2007
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Ingår i: Military Medicine. - : Association of Military Surgeons. - 0026-4075 .- 1930-613X. ; 172:10, s. 1046-1052
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The military emergency care education of nurses is primarily concerned with the treatment of soldiers with combat-related injuries. Even though great progress has been made in military medicine, there is still the pedagogical question of what emergency care education for military nurses should contain and how it should be taught. The aim of this study was to describe and compare experiences of training emergency care in military exercises among conscript nurses with different levels of education. A descriptive study was performed to describe and compare experiences of training emergency care in military exercises among conscript nurses with different levels of education in nursing. There were statistical differences between nurses with general nursing education and nurses with a general nursing education and supplementary education. A reasonable implication of the differences is that the curriculum must be designed differently depending on the educational background of the students. Hence, there is an interaction between background characteristics, e.g., the level of previous education and differences pertaining to clinical experience of the participants, and the impact of the exercise itself.
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| 43373. |
- Johansson, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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A quotient of the Lubin-Tate tower II
- 2021
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Ingår i: Mathematische Annalen. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0025-5831 .- 1432-1807. ; 380:1-2, s. 43-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article we construct the quotient M-1/P(K) of the infinite-level Lubin-Tate space M-1 by the parabolic subgroup P(K) subset of GL(n)(K) of block form (n - 1, 1) as a perfectoid space, generalizing the results of Ludwig (Forum Math Sigma 5:e17, 41, 2017) to arbitrary n and K/Q(p) finite. For this we prove some perfectoidness results for certain Harris-Taylor Shimura varieties at infinite level. As an application of the quotient construction we show a vanishing theorem for Scholze's candidate for the mod p Jacquet-Langlands and mod p local Langlands correspondence. An appendix by David Hansen gives a local proof of perfectoidness of M-1/P(K) when n = 2, and shows that M-1/Q(K) is not perfectoid for maximal parabolics Q not conjugate to P.
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| 43374. |
- Johansson, C B, et al.
(författare)
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A removal torque and histomorphometric study of bone tissue reactions to commercially pure titanium and Vitallium implants.
- 1991
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Ingår i: The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants. - 0882-2786. ; 6:4, s. 437-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Screw-shaped commercially pure (CP) titanium and Vitallium implants were inserted in the rabbit tibial metaphysis. After a healing period of 3 months, it was demonstrated that a higher torque was needed to remove the CP titanium implants (average 24.9 Ncm) compared to Vitallium implants (average 11.7 Ncm). The histomorphometric part of the study revealed more bone-to-metal contact for the CP titanium implants (average 34.7%) compared to the Vitallium implants (average 21.7%). The results obtained in this study could be explained by differences in the topography or in biocompatibility of the metals, or a combination of these two factors.
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| 43375. |
- Johansson, Carina B., 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced implant integration with hierarchically structured implants: a pilot study in rabbits
- 2012
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Implants Research. - : Wiley. - 1600-0501 .- 0905-7161. ; 23:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To investigate bone-to-implant bonding for some novel surface modifications with a hierarchic structure and to correlate the in vivo results with surface roughness parameters. Materials and methods: Newly developed implants surfaces were tested in rabbits and compared with the commercially available OsseoSpeed™ (OS) implant. The blasted test samples were subjected to treatment in oxalic acid (AT-II), followed by subsequent etching in hydrofluoric acid (AT-I). Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the surface topography and chemical composition of the implants. Biomechanical testing after 6 weeks of healing was complemented with the quantification of fluorochromes and the results were subjected to a multivariate statistical analysis. Results: The results show, both with biomechanical- and with histomorphometrical tests, that the AT-I implants with different surface roughness at the micro (blasting), submicro (shallow cavities) and nanolevels (precipitates) have a greater bone tissue integration compared with the AT-II- and OS implants. The 2D bone-to-implant contact (BIC) data were in accordance with the 3D removal torque (RTQ) results even if the former were deduced from implants located in spongeous-type bone and the latter in cortical bone. The increase in RTQ values for the test samples AT-I and AT-II compared with the reference complies with the slightly higher Sa values for these surfaces. Conclusions: Using a combination of conventional methods with novel quantification of florochrome and multivariate analysis, the influence of surface roughness on different levels could be discriminated. The RTQ and BIC values show that the most hierarchical structure with submicro cavities and nanoscale precipitates possesses the most favourable osseointegration properties.
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| 43376. |
- Johansson, Carina B., 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Ex vivo and in vivo biomechanical test of implant attachment to various materials : introduction of a new user-friendly removal torque equipment
- 2012
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Ingår i: Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1523-0899 .- 1708-8208. ; 14:4, s. 603-611
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective:The removal torque (RTQ) analysis is commonly used for biomechanical evaluation of osseointegration. The overall aim of this study was to verify results obtained with a newly developed equipment for biomechanical testing of osseointegration.Methods: Verification of the new equipment for biomechanical tests involved three experiments: Part I, comparison of RTQ between implants placed in four different types of dental synthetic plasters. Part II, comparison of RTQ between custom made, experimentally used implants to self-tapping, commercially available implants molded in the same type of dental plaster. Part III, comparison of RTQ between commercially pure titanium implants to Ti6Al4V implants placed in rabbit bone, 6 weeks after insertion. Briefly, for all experiments, the peak RTQ values and the removal process were recorded every 0.01 seconds up to 10 seconds. After the measurements, peak RTQ values were converted to shear strength.Results: The developed equipment sensitively responded to the changes of properties related to the molding plasters, implant topographies, and materials. The monitored graphs corresponded well to the expected properties of the different implants and tested materials.Conclusion: The new RTQ equipment proved to be accurate and could add new knowledge in understanding the biomechanical aspects of osseointegration.
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| 43377. |
- Johansson, Carina B., 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Redox-sensitive loops D and E regulate NADP(H) binding in domain III and domain I-domain III interactions in proton-translocating Escherichia coli transhydrogenase.
- 2002
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Ingår i: European journal of biochemistry / FEBS. - 0014-2956. ; 269:18, s. 4505-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Membrane-bound transhydrogenases are conformationally driven proton-pumps which couple an inward proton translocation to the reversible reduction of NADP+ by NADH (forward reaction). This reaction is stimulated by an electrochemical proton gradient, Delta p, presumably through an increased release of NADPH. The enzymes have three domains: domain II spans the membrane, while domain I and III are hydrophilic and contain the binding sites for NAD(H) and NADP(H), respectively. Separately expressed domain I and III together catalyze a very slow forward reaction due to tightly bound NADP(H) in domain III. With the aim of examining the mechanistic role(s) of loop D and E in domain III and intact cysteine-free Escherichia coli transhydrogenase by cysteine mutagenesis, the conserved residues beta A398, beta S404, beta I406, beta G408, beta M409 and beta V411 in loop D, and residue beta Y431 in loop E were selected. In addition, the previously made mutants betaD392C and betaT393C in loop D, and beta G430C and beta A432C in loop E, were included. All loop D and E mutants, especially beta I406C and beta G430C, showed increased ratios between the rates of the forward and reverse reactions, thus approaching that of the wild-type enzyme. Determination of values indicated that the former increase was due to a strongly increased dissociation of NADPH caused by an altered conformation of loops D and E. In contrast, the cysteine-free G430C mutant of the intact enzyme showed the same inhibition of both forward and reverse rates. Most domain III mutants also showed a decreased affinity for domain I. The results support an important and regulatory role of loops D and E in the binding of NADP(H) as well as in the interaction between domain I and domain III.
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| 43378. |
- Johansson, Carl-Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Population pharmacokinetic modeling and deconvolution of enantioselective absorption of eflornithine in the rat.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-8744 .- 1567-567X. ; 40:1, s. 117-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enantioselective pharmacokinetics and absorption of eflornithine in the rat was investigated using population pharmacokinetic modeling and a modified deconvolution method. Bidirectional permeability of L- and D-eflornithine was investigated in Caco-2 cells. The rat was administered racemic eflornithine hydrochloride as a single oral dose [40-3,000 mg/kg bodyweight (BW)] or intravenously (IV) (100-2,700 mg/kg BW infused over 60-400 min). Serial arterial blood samples were collected and L- and D-eflornithine were quantitated with a previously published chiral bioanalysis method. The D:L concentration ratio was determined in rat faeces. Intravenous L-and D-eflornithine plasma concentration-time data was analyzed using population pharmacokinetic modeling and described with a 3-compartment pharmacokinetic model with saturable binding to one of the peripheral compartments. Oral plasma concentration-time data was analyzed using a modified deconvolution method accounting for nonlinearities in the eflornithine pharmacokinetics. Clearance was similar for both enantiomers (3.36 and 3.09 mL/min). Oral bioavailability was estimated by deconvolution at 30 and 59% for L- and D-eflornithine. The D:L concentration ratio in feces was 0.49 and the Caco-2 cell permeability was similar for both enantiomers (6-10 × 10(-8) cm/s) with no evident involvement of active transport or efflux. The results presented here suggest that the difference in the bioavailability between eflornithine enantiomers is caused by a stereoselective difference in extent rather than rate of absorption. The presented modified deconvolution method made it possible to account for the non-linear component in the suggested three-compartment pharmacokinetic model thus rapidly estimating eflornithine oral bioavailability.
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| 43379. |
- Johansson, Catrin, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Culture as a predictor of resistance to change : a study of competing values in a psychiatric nursing context
- 2014
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Ingår i: Health Policy. - : Elsevier. - 0168-8510 .- 1872-6054. ; 114:2-3, s. 156-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is well known that a conservative organizational culture can hinder the implementation of new organizational models. Prior to introducing something new it is important to identify the culture within the organization. This paper sets out to detect the feasibility of reform in a psychiatric clinic in a Swedish hospital prior to implementation of a new working method - a structured tool based on the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health. A survey consisting of two instruments - an organizational values questionnaire (OVQ) and a resistance to change scale (RTC) - was distributed to registered and assistant nurses at the clinic. The association between the organizational subcultures and resistance to change was investigated with regression analysis. The results revealed that the dominating cultures in the outpatient centers and hospital wards were characterized by human relation properties such as flexibility, cohesion, belongingness, and trust. The mean resistance to change was low, but the subscale of cognitive rigidity was dominant, reflecting a tendency to avoid alternative ideas and perspectives. An instrument like the one employed in the study could be a useful tool for diagnosing the likelihood of extensive and costly interventions.
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| 43380. |
- Johansson, Catrin, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Daily Life Dialogue Assessment in Psychiatric Care—Face Validity and Inter-Rater Reliability of a Tool Based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
- 2013
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Ingår i: Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0883-9417 .- 1532-8228. ; 27:6, s. 306-311
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes the development of an assessment tool based on the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) adapted to a psychiatric nursing context where both the patient and the nurse assess the patient's ability to participate in various spheres of life. The aim was to test psychometric properties, focusing on face validity and inter-rater reliability. Three Swedish expert groups participated. Analysis of inter-rater reliability was conducted through simulated patient cases. The results of an unweighted kappa value of 0.38, a linear weighted kappa value of 0.65 and a quadratic weighted kappa value of 0.73 were considered as acceptable when using simulated patient cases.
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