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- Domínguez R., Edmé, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Latin America and the Regional Powers - a synthesis study
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objective of this report is to, based on the earlier identified trends presented in the studies written in 2008, 2007 and 2006, describe and discuss possible future consequences in terms of security policy, for great powers such as the United States, Russia, China, the European Union and in its extension, Sweden. The study pays special attention to important conclusions with possible security (policy) implications based on the earlier published reports as well as discussions of possible and plausible changes in the region that could have security (policy) consequences.
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- Peña-Aza, Milton Eduardo, 1981
(författare)
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Cooling of a Suspended Nanowire by an ac Josephson current
- 2010
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nanoelectromechanical systems have been used for the exploration of the quantum limit of mechanical motion. There is hope that the quest for the quantum regime of these systems will shed light on fundamental questions in physics and lead to new quantum technologies. In essence, the realization of the quantum limit consists of reducing the effective temperature of the system below a certain limit. Consequently, an efficient cooling scheme that reaches the quantum ground state must be devised. It is the objective of this thesis to discuss the conditions necessary for ground state cooling of a voltage biased metallic nanowire suspended between two superconducting leads. Considering this system in the low bias regime, by using the density matrix theoretical framework it is shown that due to the transfer of energy from the mechanical vibrations of the nanowire to the electronic quasiparticle bath, ground state cooling of the nanoresonator can be achieved. The cooling is accomplished through an electromechanical coupling obtained by applying an uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the long axis of the nanobeam or by connecting the system to a gate electrode palced below the suspended nanotube.
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- Peña-Aza, Milton Eduardo, 1981
(författare)
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Electromechanical Phenomena in Superconducting and Normal Nanostructures
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis summarizes a series of theoretical studies on the electromechanical properties of nanostructures made of superconducting and/or metallic elements. The first part of the work is devoted to the analysis of the interactions between the electronic and mechanical degrees of freedom in suspended nanowires. In particular, a metallic carbon nanotube fixed between two superconducting leads and acting as a superconducting weak link is considered. This system is denoted as a nanoelectromechanical Josephson junction. If biased by a dc voltage, such a nanodevice possesses the ability to self-cool through the transfer of energy from the flexural vibrations of the suspended nanowire to voltage-driven Andreev states and then to quasiparticle electronic states in the superconducting leads. The electromechanical coupling required to accomplish the energy transfer process can be attained by applying an external magnetic field. It gives rise to a Lorentz force that couples displacements of the carbon nanotube to the electrical current that is carried by Andreev states. Further investigations of the nanoelectromechanical Josephson junction extend the analysis of the first study to a case in which the system is subjected to a nonuniform magnetic field. In this case, inhomogeneity of the field causes the conducting nanoresonator to execute a whirling movement. The analysis of the time evolution of the amplitude and relative phase of the nanowire motion shows that the coupled amplitude-phase dynamics presents different regimes depending on the degree of inhomogeneity of the magnetic field: time independent, periodic, and chaotic. The second part of the thesis describes the dynamics of a spatially symmetric shuttle-system subjected to an ac gate voltage. In this system, parametric excitation gives rise to mechanical vibrations at the resonant frequency, i.e., when the frequency of the ac signal is close to the eigenfrequency of the mechanical subsystem. The parametrically excited mechanical oscillations result in a dc shuttle current in a certain direction due to spontaneous symmetry breaking, where the direction of the current is determined by the phase shift between the ac voltage and the induced mechanical oscillations.
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- Ley, Charles, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of early osteoarthritis in the centrodistal joints of Icelandic horses: Evaluation of radiography and low-field magnetic resonance imaging
- 2016
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Ingår i: Equine Veterinary Journal. - : Wiley. - 0425-1644 .- 2042-3306. ; 48, s. 57-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reasons for performing studyValidated noninvasive detection methods for early osteoarthritis (OA) are required for OA prevention and early intervention treatment strategies.ObjectivesTo evaluate radiography and low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the detection of early stage OA osteochondral lesions in equine centrodistal joints using microscopy as the reference standard.Study designProspective imaging of live horses and imaging and microscopy of cadaver tarsal joints.MethodsCentrodistal (distal intertarsal) joints of 38 Icelandic research horses aged 27-29 months were radiographed. Horses were subjected to euthanasia approximately 2 months later and cadaver joints examined with low-field MRI. Osteochondral joint specimens were classified as negative or positive for OA using light microscopy histology or scanning electron microscopy. Radiographs and MRIs were evaluated for osteochondral lesions and results compared with microscopy.ResultsForty-two joints were classified OA positive with microscopy. Associations were detected between microscopic OA and the radiography lesion categories; mineralisation front defect (P<0.0001), joint margin lesion (P<0.0001), central osteophyte (P = 0.03) and the low-field MRI lesion categories; mineralisation front defect (P = 0.01), joint margin lesion (P = 0.02) and articular cartilage lesion (P = 0.0003). The most frequent lesion category detected in microscopic OA positive joints was the mineralisation front defect in radiographs (28/42 OA positive joints, specificity 97%, sensitivity 67%). No significant differences were detected between the sensitivity and specificity of radiography and low-field MRI pooled lesion categories, but radiography was often superior when individual lesion categories were compared.ConclusionsEarly stage centrodistal joint OA changes may be detected with radiography and low-field MRI. Detection of mineralisation front defects in radiographs may be a useful screening method for detection of early OA in centrodistal joints of young Icelandic horses.
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- Kind, R., et al.
(författare)
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Scandinavia : A former Tibet?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 1525-2027. ; 14:10, s. 4479-4487
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Himalaya and the Tibetan Plateau are uplifted by the ongoing northward underthrusting of the Indian continental lithosphere below Tibet resulting in lithospheric stacking. The layered structure of the Tibetan upper mantle is imaged by seismic methods, most detailed with the receiver function method. Tibet is considered as a place where the development of a future craton is currently under way. Here we study the upper mantle from Germany to northern Sweden with seismic S receiver functions and compare the structure below Scandinavia with that below Tibet. Below Proterozoic Scandinavia, we found two low-velocity zones on top of each other, separated by a high-velocity zone. The top of the upper low-velocity zone at about 100 km depth extends from Germany to Archaean northern Sweden. It agrees with the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) below Germany and Denmark. Below Sweden it is known as the 8 degrees discontinuity, or as a mid-lithospheric discontinuity (MLD), similar to observations in North America. Seismic tomography places the LAB near 200 km in Scandinavia, which is close to the top of our deeper low-velocity zone. We also observed the bottom of the asthenosphere (the Lehmann discontinuity) deepening from 180 km in Germany to 260 km below Sweden. Remnants of old subduction in the upper about 100 km below Scandinavia and Finland are known from controlled source seismic experiments and local earthquake studies. Recent tomographic studies indicate delamination of the lithosphere below southern Scandinavia and northern Germany. We are suggesting that the large-scale layered structure in the Scandinavian upper mantle may be caused by processes similar to the ongoing lithospheric stacking in Tibet.
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- Rodrigues, Vanessa, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Leveraging service design to foster resilience in service systems
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In a rapidly evolving context, multi-agent service systems need to adapt and respond to change as it occurs. We investigate how Service Design, as a human-centred, transformative and creative approach can support service systems transformation. Our healthcare case study on the utilisation of service design for systemic transformation indicates that collaborative participation and coordination, leadership, ownership, alignment of perspectives and arenas for experimentation are important precursors that foster resilience and support transformations. We reposition service design as an enabler of service system resilience and define systemic resilience as the collective capacity for intentional action in responding to ongoing change, coordinated across scales in order to create value.
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