| 61. |
- Ahmed, Ali
(författare)
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Women are not always less competitive than men: Evidence from Come Dine with Me
- 2011
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Ingår i: Applied Economics Letters. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1350-4851 .- 1466-4291. ; 18:12, s. 1099-1101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Are women less competitive than men? Many experimental and nonexperimental studies have documented gender differences in competitiveness. This article presents the results from a study that examines gender differences in competitiveness in the television show Come Dine with Me. It is a cooking show in which amateur chefs compete against each other for a cash prize. The show provides an unusual opportunity to study gender differences in a high-stakes game environment. The results demonstrate that there are no gender differences in competitiveness.
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| 62. |
- Bandick, Roger, et al.
(författare)
-
Employment effects of foreign acquisition
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Review of Economics and Finance. - : Elsevier. - 1059-0560 .- 1873-8036. ; 20:2, s. 211-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the employment effects of. foreign acquisitions in acquired firms in Swedish manufacturing during the 1990s; a period characterized by a dramatic increase in foreign ownership. We find some evidence of positive employment effects in acquired firms and it seems that the employment of skilled labor increases more than that of less-skilled labor. Our results indicate that the positive employment effects are more pronounced in acquired non-MNEs than in Swedish MNEs. Furthermore, we observe shifts in skill intensities toward higher shares of skilled labor in non-MNEs taken over by foreign MNEs, but not in acquired Swedish MNEs.
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| 63. |
- Bandick, Roger, et al.
(författare)
-
Foreign acquisition, plant survival, and employment growth
- 2010
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Economics. - : Wiley. - 0008-4085 .- 1540-5982. ; 43:2, s. 547-573
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyzes the effect of foreign acquisition on survival and employment growth of targets using data on Swedish manufacturing plants. We separate targeted plants into those within Swedish MNEs, Swedish exporting non-MNEs, and purely domestic firms. The results, controlling for possible endogeneity of acquisition using IV and propensity score matching approaches suggest that acquisition by foreign owners increases the lifetime of the acquired plants only if the plant was an exporter. The effect is robust to controlling for domestic acquisitions and differs between horizontal and vertical acquisitions. We find robust positive employment growth effects only for exporters and only if the takeover is vertical.
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| 64. |
- Holm, Jerker, et al.
(författare)
-
Collective Trust Behavior
- 2010
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Ingår i: SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS. - : Wiley. - 0347-0520 .- 1467-9442. ; 112:1, s. 25-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates trust behavior in situations where decision-makers are large groups and the decision mechanism is collective. Theories from behavioral economics and psychology suggest that trust in such situations may differ from interindividual trust. The experimental results here reveal a large difference in trust but not in trustworthiness between the individual and collective setting. Furthermore, a field experiment captures the determinants of collective trust behavior among two Swedish cohorts. Beliefs about the other group and ones own group are strongly associated with collective trustworthiness and trust behavior.
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| 65. |
- Holmgren, Johan, 1977-
(författare)
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Putting our money to good use: Can we attract more passengers without increasing subsidies?
- 2010
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Ingår i: Research in Transportation Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0739-8859 .- 1875-7979. ; 29:1, s. 256-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper evaluates the policy of Swedish public transport authorities, determining whether the number of trips on local public transport could have been increased without increasing subsidies. Based on annual data from Swedish counties, the evaluation found that between 1986 and 2001 public transport fares exceeded the passenger-maximising fare most of the time in all but two counties, the average deviation being 1–215%. Evaluating the alternative, passenger-maximising policy, including both fare and service changes for 2001, demonstrated that demand for local public transport in Swedish counties could have been increased by 0–178% without increasing subsidies. Aggregated, this represents a 2.3% increase in the number of trips on local public transport in Sweden.
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| 66. |
- Slavnic, Zoran, 1957-
(författare)
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POLITICAL ECONOMY OF INFORMALIZATION
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Societies. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 1461-6696 .- 1469-8307. ; 12:1, s. 3-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article has two main aims. The first is to problematize the dominant view of the informal economy as a sort of separate economy, related primarily to (immigrant) small business and distinct from the so-called formal economy, which for the most part encompasses big companies as well as state economic activities. In contrast, the present article assumes that all economic actors are increasingly ready to adopt informal economic strategies to secure their economical survival. In line with this assumption, the second aim of the article is to contribute to our knowledge of the causes of, as well as the actors within, the current informalization trends that characterize Western economies. The article concludes that the informalization of contemporary advanced economies in general terms is a result of a structural conflict between new economic trends and old regulatory frameworks. These frameworks, with their focus on decommodification, have become too restrictive for new forms of capital accumulation, with their focus on flexible adaptation, which include an increasing demand for the re-commodification of labour. The conflict emerges and intensifies, among other reasons, because of the radically different internal operational logics, agendas and priorities that characterize these two social processes.
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| 67. |
- Öhrwall Rönnbäck, Anna, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Collaborative Development of Public Information Systems : A Case Study of “Sambruk” e-Services Development
- 2010
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Ingår i: eChallenges e-2010 Conference Proceedings. - : IEEE Press. - 9781905824205 ; , s. 1-7
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, public e-services provide essential and efficient tools for municipalities to serve their citizens. However, the development can be quite complex, and in order to efficiently develop solutions, municipalities need to collaborate with many actors and stakeholders such as IT-vendors and developers, as well as government agencies. In this paper collaboration with various stakeholders in different scenarios, comprising four different information systems development projects are analysed, and the pro’s and con’s in the various approaches are described. Furthermore, there are important lessons learned and identified in the three alternatives of user involvement in the projects covered in the paper. Sambruk, ie the Swedish Association of Municipalities for Joint Development of eServices, has in several projects challenged the existing near monopolistic market and business models in Sweden by carrying out significant development projects, utilising new approaches in user involvement and setting up a new collaborative arena for Swedish municipalities, working together in creating new e-service solutions.
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| 68. |
- Neumann, W. P., et al.
(författare)
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Effect assessment in work environment interventions : A methodological reflection
- 2010
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Ingår i: Ergonomics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0014-0139 .- 1366-5847. ; 53:1, s. 130-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper addresses a number of issues for work environment intervention (WEI) researchers in light of the mixed results reported in the literature. If researchers emphasise study quality over intervention quality, reviews that exclude case studies with high quality and multifactorial interventions may be vulnerable to 'quality criteria selection bias'. Learning from 'failed' interventions is inhibited by both publication bias and reporting lengths that limit information on relevant contextual and implementation factors. The authors argue for the need to develop evaluation approaches consistent with the complexity of multifactorial WEIs that: a) are owned by and aimed at the whole organisation; and b) include intervention in early design stages where potential impact is highest. Context variety, complexity and instability in and around organisations suggest that attention might usefully shift from generalisable 'proof of effectiveness' to a more nuanced identification of intervention elements and the situations in which they are more likely to work as intended. Statement of Relevance: This paper considers ergonomics interventions from perspectives of what constitutes quality and 'proofo. It points to limitations of traditional experimental intervention designs and argues that the complexity of organisational change, and the need for multifactorial interventions that reach deep into work processes for greater impact, should be recognised.
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| 69. |
- Ekman, Inger, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Person-centered care -ready for prime time.
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Sage Publications. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 10:4, s. 248-251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Long-term diseases are today the leading cause of mortality worldwide and are estimated to be the leading cause of disability by 2020. Person-centered care (PCC) has been shown to advance concordance between care provider and patient on treatment plans, improve health outcomes and increase patient satisfaction. Yet, despite these and other documented benefits, there are a variety of significant challenges to putting PCC into clinical practice. Although care providers today broadly acknowledge PCC to be an important part of care, in our experience we must establish routines that initiate, integrate, and safeguard PCC in daily clinical practice to ensure that PCC is systematically and consistently practiced, i.e. not just when we feel we have time for it. In this paper, we propose a few simple routines to facilitate and safeguard the transition to PCC. We believe that if conscientiously and systematically applied, they will help to make PCC the focus and mainstay of care in long-term illness.
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| 70. |
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