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- Johansson, Börje, et al.
(författare)
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The analysis of location, colocation and urbanization economies
- 2008
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Ingår i: Handbook of Research on Cluster Theory. - Cheltenham, U.K. : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781845425166 ; , s. 39-66
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper provides an overview and critical assessment of co-location and clustering in space. Basic location conditions include accessibility to customers, input suppliers including knowledge providers, and regional endowments. A distinction is made between slow and fast location adjustments. In a basic model, it is shown how distance sensitivity and scale economies generate self-reinforcing location externalities. Variations of the same model are employed to illuminate how urbanisation economies can stimulate co-location and clustering. One model variant is designed to examine how innovation activities also can be influenced by urbanisation economies. The paper concludes that a set of basic principals form the basis for localisation and urbanisation economies. However, there remains a challenging gap between model predictions and empirical observations.
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