| 1. |
- Fredriksson, Ulf
(author)
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Reading skills among students of Iimmigrant origin in Stockholm.
- 2002
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- I Stockholm utgör elever med invandrarbakgrund ungefär en fjärdedel av alla elever. Läsning är en central färdighet av betydelse för elevers möjligheter att lyckas i skolan. Läsförmågan hos 11 179 elever med invandrarbakgrund i årskurs 3 i Stockholms skolor under åren 1993 - 1999 jämförs med 33 915 "svenska" elever under samma period. De svenska eleverna läser bättre än eleverna med invandrarbakgrund. På test där eleverna enbart läste fristående ord var skillnaden mindre än när eleverna läste hela texter. Elever med invandrarbakgrund var kraftigt överrepresenterade i de skolor som hade de lägsta medelvärdena på testen. När olika grupper av elever med invandrarbakgrund jämfördes med varandra så fanns stora skillnader. Elever som var födda och uppvuxna i Sverige läste bättre än de som själva invandrat. Elever från några språkgrupper läste lika bra och i något fall t.o.m. bättre än de svenska eleverna, medan elever från andra språkgrupper hade resultat på lästesten som var betydligt under de svenska elevernas resultat. När elever med invandrarbakgrund som deltagit i modersmålsundervisning eller gått i tvåspråkiga klasser jämfördes med de som ej deltagit i någon modersmålsundervisning fanns inga skillnader mellan gruppernas medelvärden på lästesten på svenska. När resultaten på lästest för elever som 1994 gick i årskurs 3 och 1999 i årskurs 8 (alltså till stor del samma elever, men fem år äldre) jämfördes var skillnaden i testresultat mellan de svenska eleverna och de elever med invandrarbakgrund som bott hela livet i Sverige den samma 1999 som 1994.
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| 2. |
- Fredriksson, Ulf
(author)
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Education For All and Consultations with Teacher Unions : Report on the questionnaire on the participation of teacher unions in the EFA process.
- 2003
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The paper explores to which extent teacher unions have been involved in discussions, consultations and negotiations with goverments in relation to initiatives taken to achieve education for all (EFA). The paper deals with three questions: 1) Whether teacher unions were aware of the existence of EFA (Education For All) forums in their countries and if their answers were yes, to which extent they had participated in the National EFA Forums. 2) Whether teacher unions were aware of the existence of National EFA Plans or the active work to establish such a plan. If their answers were yes, in what ways had they participated in consultations on the National EFA Plan. 3) Whether the teacher unions had taken any initiative related to EFA. Based on answers given by teacher unions to a questionnaire it is concluded that many unions have not been involved in the EFA process in an appropriate way.
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| 3. |
- Fredriksson, Ulf
(author)
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Education International and the Implementation and Monitoring of the Rights of the Child
- 2001
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In: Understanding Children's Rights. - Ghent : University of Ghent.
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Education International (EI) is a world-wide trade union organisation of education personnel, whose 26 million members represent all sectors of education from early childhood education to university. As an organisation of teachers EI has a strong interest in the implementation and monitoring of the rights of children, specifically the right to education. Through its contacts with international intergovernmental organisations such as UNESCO, ILO and the World Bank, EI is following the development in the education sector world wide and promoting education for all. During recent years EI has been involved in two important campaigns related to children�s rights. EI has been campaigning against child labour with the objective of eliminating child labour and promoting education for all. This campaign has also been co-ordinated with other organisations through co-operation within the Global March against Child Labour. One important achievement of the campaign has been the adoption of the ILO Convention No. 182 which contains clear references to the importance of providing free basic education. EI has launched the Global Campaign for Education together with Action Aid and Oxfam International in partnership with civil society networks throughout the South and the Global March. Since 2000 the Global Campaign for Education has organised every year a Global Action Week to highlight the need of education for all and to put pressure on governments and international donor agencies. EI believes there is an urgent need to increase the efforts world wide to improve enrolment figures and to improve the quality of education. This can only be done through increased investment in education and through public education. To improve enrolment and the quality of education, it is necessary to improve the status of teachers.
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| 4. |
- Fredriksson, Ulf
(author)
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New technologies in education : trends, risks and opportunities.
- 2003
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Computers and ICT have become features of daily life in society, at work places and in the homes in most industrialised countries. Computers and ICT are increasingly used in schools, but large number of schools still have no access or limited access to new technologies. A growing number of teachers frequently use computers and ICT in their classrooms, but in some countries there are also large groups of teachers who do not use computers at all. An increasing number of teachers have received some training in the use of computers and ICT, but still about half of the teachers in the EU countries have so far received no training. Training in the use of computers and ICT seems to be included in the pre-service education of teachers in most countries. Governments have expressed a strong wish to increase the use of ICT in schools. It seems reasonably to assume that the changes we have seen in schools in respect of new technologies are only the beginning of what may be radical changes. Changes can take place in the general way in which education is delivered, in the practice in the classrooms and in the content of education.
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| 5. |
- Fredriksson, Ulf
(author)
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Quality Education: the teachers' key role : International Conference on Education, 47th session, Geneve, 8-11 September 2004
- 2004
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The paper explores different definitions of quality in education and different reasons for the focus given to quality in education during recent years. The characteristics of a good teacher is discussed as well as what teachers can do to improve the quality of education. The following measures could be taken in order to improve the quality of education on �system level�; Improve the quality of teacher education. Ensure that all students will get at least one textbook. Increase the number of school libraries and provide schools with classroom libraries. Find ways to start to introduce new technologies into the schools on a broader scale. In order to improve the status of all teachers world wide, education authorities, governments and intergovernmental organisations must ensure that teachers: receive the moral and material recognition appropriate to their level of qualifications and responsibilities; have an adequate working environment; can do their work in adequately equipped school buildings; have a salary comparable with other professions requiring the same level of qualifications and responsibility; have the right to form and control their own representative organisations; have the right to participate in the process of formulating educational policies; receive a good initial teacher education and professional development. One possible line of actions could be to suggest to governments to form a kind of quality alliance where both governments and teacher unions promise to undertake a number of actions to promote quality in education.
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| 6. |
- Fredriksson, Ulf, et al.
(author)
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Svenska som andraspråk och kulturmöten.
- 2003
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In: Barn utvecklar sitt språk. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9144027931 ; , s. 292-
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Kulturmötet är för många barn en viktig del av den kontext i vilken de utvecklar sitt språk. Många skäl talar för att barns språkliga och kulturella bakgrund påverkar de förutsättningar de har för att lära sig svenska. Det finns också mycket som tyder på att en del av de skillnader som finns mellan svenska elever och elever med invandrarbakgrund samt mellan olika grupper av elever med invandrarbakgrund är beroende på skillnader i elevernas sociala och ekonomiska levnadsförhållanden. I detta sammanhang är det viktig att vara försiktig så att inte kulturella skillnader tillåts skymma sociala skillander. Det är av central betydelse att lärarna har en grundläggande respekt för elevernas språk och kultur. Ytterligare en viktig utgångspunkt är att varje elev med invandrarbakgrund är unik. Beroende på invandring samt språklig och kulturell bakgrund ställs barn med invandrarbakgrund inför olika utmaningar och svårigheter. De flesta invandrarföräldrar är mycket måna om att deras barn får en bra skolgång, men kan vara osäkra om vad som är bäst för deras barn. Lärare som arbetar med många elever med invandrarbakgrund måste vara beredda att ge råd till föräldrar. Föräldrarna måste få veta att hemmet spelar en viktig roll för barnets språkutveckling. Inte minst handlar det om att ge barnet mycket språkligt stöt i hemmet.
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| 7. |
- Fredriksson, Ulf
(author)
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What Can Be Done to Implement International Standards Concerning Children's Right To Education Worldwide?
- 2001
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In: Children's rights in education. - London : Jessica Kingsley Publishers. - 1853029777 ; , s. 60-78
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The most important provision made by Governments world wide for children is to provide schooling. A majority of children in the world spend at least some years in primary education, but it also has to be recognised that large numbers of children do not get any education. From this perspective, it is important to examine how the right to education can be further emphasised in order to achieve education for all and how the right of the child is met in educational institutions. This article examines what international recommendations and conventions are of relevance for these issues, their implementation and the related problems which can be found in implementating these recommendations and conventions and finally what can be done to further better agreement between international recommendations and conventions, legislation, political decisions and the everyday practice.
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| 8. |
- Gullberg, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Cytokine detection by antibody-based proximity ligation
- 2004
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In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 101:22, s. 8420-4
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Efficient and precise detection techniques, along with extensive repertoires of specific binding reagents, will be needed to meet the challenges of proteome analyses. The recently established proximity ligation mechanism enables sensitive high-capacity protein measurements by converting the detection of specific proteins to the analysis of DNA sequences. Proximity probes containing oligonucleotide extensions are designed to bind pairwise to target proteins and to form amplifiable tag sequences by ligation when brought in proximity. In our previous report, both the ligatable arms and the protein binders were DNA molecules. We now generalize the method by providing simple and convenient protocols to convert any polyclonal antibodies or matched pair of monoclonal antibodies to proximity probe sets through the attachment of oligonucleotide sequences. Sufficient reagent for >100,000 proximity ligation assays can be prepared from 1 microg of antibody. The technique is applied to measure cytokines in a homogenous test format with femtomolar detection sensitivities in 1-microl samples, and we exemplify its utility in situations when only minute sample amounts are available.
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| 9. |
- Hanley, S, et al.
(author)
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Effects of the General Agreement on Trade in Services on the education systems in Europe.
- 2003
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In: Education Review. - 1462-7272. ; 16:2, s. 97-102
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- During spring 2003 the negotiations concerning the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) move into a more intensive phase. Many people think that trade has no link to education policies. Developments related to GATS prove that this is a false assumption - education policy in the future maybe increasingly linked to trade policies. This article outlines some thoughts on the likely effects of GATS on the education systems in Europe. The main risks for the future are: - that governments will use GATS as an excuse for deregulation and privatisation within the education sector; - that the protection said to be provided in GATS for services provided under government authority is ambiguous at best and open to interpretation by Trade Dispute Panels. - education will become part of general negotiation game where governments may have to open up the education market in their own countries in order to get access to other markets; and - education policies will increasingly be decided by trade ministers instead of education ministers. Even if the EU now, on behalf of all member states, has declared that they do not intend to negotiate on further liberalisation in trade on education, this does not mean that the issue will not come back and it does not prevent governments from taking other measures to privatise education.
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| 10. |
- Snyder, Kristen M, et al.
(author)
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Measuring quality, learning, and knowledge in the knowledge society : Paper presentation at the Nordic European Research Association, March. Reykjavik, Iceland
- 2004
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The quality movement has stimulated changes in teaching, learning, and school development. Changes in policy and pedagogy have occurred at the local, national, and international levels, focusing on �quality indicators� for measuring student learning, and new methods and paradigms in assessment. Recent data collected from the PISA study has stimulated further discussion about quality in education across countries, while the EU Commission has supported the development of a benchmarking process to facilitate quality development in European schools. This fundamental emphasis on quality and self-assessment, in a context of globalization and citizenship education, has stimulated an ideological debate about what it means to measure quality, learning and knowledge in the knowledge society. Set within the context of the discussion about quality within the EU and OECD, and the potential ideological paradox, this presentation focuses on the use of comparison data from PISA and the European Education Quality Benchmark System (2EQBS) to provide educators with tools for addressing quality in schools. Specifically we will show ways in which schools can adapt the principles and philosophies of quality to serve as a guide for building learning environments that support youth development in the knowledge age, rather than merely addressing inspection standards
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