| 10111. |
- Klintman, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Citizen-Consumers
- 2015
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Ingår i: Research Handbook on Climate Governance. - 9781783470594 ; , s. 309-319
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 10112. |
- Klintman, Mikael
(författare)
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Dealing with values that differ across concerned consumer groups and policy makers — values as elements in societal concerns
- 2010
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Ingår i: Policy Responses to Societal Concerns in Food and Agriculture. ; , s. 59-70
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Agricultural policies have always had a tendency to be controversial. In many cases they generate major transfers of welfare between different groups of people, and hence are favoured by some and criticised by others. They also frequently cause trouble at the international level as domestic programmes interfere with trade flows and affect the wellbeing of people in other parts of the world. In addition to these more ―traditional‖ problems though, agricultural policy makers have more recently been faced with several issues that are even more controversial. Animal welfare, environmental implications, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), quality and safety of food products and social conditions of production are just a few examples of issues where modern societies have concerns, often arising out of widely diverging views on what is right and wrong. Responding appropriately to such societal concerns and identifying the ―best‖ policies to solve these issues has often proven difficult for policy makers, be it in a domestic setting or typically even more intricate — in an international context. In order to throw at least some light on such policy problems, the OECD has decided to invest some effort in analysing such societal concerns and the respective policy responses. The workshop of which an overview is provided here was part of this effort. Societal concerns are a multi-faceted phenomenon — and the presentations and discussions throughout the workshop were equally multi-faceted. They originated from a wide spectrum of disciplines, all the way from philosophy, through political science, law, veterinary science and economics, to practical policy making. The perspectives brought to bear on the issue of how to deal with societal concerns ranged from academic thought through international organisations, industry and agriculture to decision making in governments. The mood among participants of the workshop oscillated between slight frustration with the complexity of the issues covered, to mild optimism regarding the availability of practical options for policy responses to at least some of the concerns society expresses about what happens in the field of agriculture and food. The workshop covered many dimensions of the theme, but in the limited amount of time available could not possibly have dealt with everything one would want to know about the nature of and constructive policy responses to societal concerns. This overview is an attempt, necessarily somewhat subjective, at highlighting some of the major lessons learned during the workshop, while also indicating some of the open questions remaining. It begins by commenting on the nature of societal concerns, proceeds to looking at possible resolutions, poses some questions not much covered by the workshop, and ends by drawing some tentative conclusions regarding the potential role of international organisation in dealing with societal concerns.
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| 10113. |
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| 10114. |
- Klintman, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Individen som medborgare och konsument
- 2015
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Ingår i: Klimatsäkrat Skåne. - 9789198157741 ; , s. 198-209
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- - Allmänheten anser generellt att klimatfrågan är viktig, och förklarar sig beredd att agera både som medborgare och konsumenter. Samtidigt varierar allmänhetens klimathänsyn kraf- tigt mellan olika områden. Social motivation är en stark drivkraft som kan förklara allmänhe- tens motstridiga agerande i klimatfrågan.- Positiva argument som förbättrad luft och högre livskvalitet i städerna, bättre hälsa, ekono- miska besparingar och fokus på djurens välfärd är vanligtvis betydligt mer motiverande än rena klimatargument. En mer begränsad problem- och lösningsinramning kan bidra till att förändringsförslag får ett vidare gehör.- Norm- och handlingsförändringar sker ofta i växelverkan mellan initiativ från allmänheten och styrmedel implementerade av offentliga aktörer.- Moment där människor kan lära av varandra och utbyta erfarenheter, till exempel i praktiska försöks- och pilotprojekt, ökar chanserna till en snabbare och mer omfattande normförändring.- Allmänhetens roll i klimatanpassningsarbetet har inte börjat diskuteras på allvar varken i Skåne eller i övriga Sverige. En dialog bör föras med allmänheten i klimatanpassningsfrå- gorna för att undvika att offentliga och privata anpassningsåtgärder motarbetar varandra.
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| 10115. |
- Klintman, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge resistance
- 2022
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Ingår i: Routledge International Handbook of Ignorance Studies. - London : Routledge. - 9781003100607 - 9780367608064 ; , s. 323-333
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 10116. |
- Klintman, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Political Consumerism and the Transition Towards a More Sustainable Food Regime Looking Behind and Beyond the Organic Shelf
- 2011
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Ingår i: Food Practices in Transition: Changing Food Consumption, Retail and Production in the Age of Reflexive Modernity.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Abstract in Undetermined In media, policymaking and research, increasing attention is drawn to the phenomenon of ‘green political consumerism’, referring to consumerrelated practices that are based on concerns beyond the traditional criteria of product quality and price. Political consumerism is about expressing non-economic values, that is, values beyond the direct, economic self-interest of consumers. Such values may concern social conditions of farmers producing our food or the welfare of animals used in food production. Green political consumerism is a concept that highlights a concern for environmental conditions, although these concerns often overlap with social and animal-related ones (Boström & Klintman 2008). Micheletti (2003) has defi ned political consumerism as consumers’ ‘individualistic collective action’, practiced, for instance, through boycotting or buycotting certain products and services. For the purpose of this chapter, it is important to mention that there is a need to keep the defi nition of political consumerism subject to continuous discussion and debate. A main claim in this chapter is that it is particularly important not to equal green political consumption merely with purchases of eco-labeled products and services. To follow such principles of consumption or to have small ecological footprints due to smaller economic resources, for example, are two very diff erent things, which should both be of interest in debates about political consumerism.
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| 10117. |
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| 10118. |
- Klintman, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Skogs- och genmatsmärkning – kunskapsöverföring och politisk process
- 2004
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Ingår i: Är vi på rätt väg? Studier i miljöfrågans lösning. ; , s. 109-132
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- På www.miljo.regeringen.se under fliken hållbar utveckling kan man följa regeringens arbete för en hållbar utveckling i Sverige. Faktablad avlöser varandra med rubriker som: En hållbar framtid i sikte; Hållbara Sverige – så växer en hållbar utveckling fram, – arbetet för hållbar utveckling fortsätter, – en utveckling på stadig frammarsch; Hållbara Sverige – vi är på väg. Men är vi verkligen på väg? Sker det egentligen någon förbättring – eller blir det bara värre?
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| 10119. |
- Klintman, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Toy Consumption as Political : Challenges for Making Dreams Come True
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Oxford Handbook of Political Consumerism. - 9780190629038
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter looks at political consumerism in the toy sector, offering a brief history of consumer concerns and distinguishing among four strands of political consumerist research in this sector. A primary factor facilitating political consumerism of toys is that toy companies are extremely concerned about their reputation. Manufacturers cannot assume that parents and other carers do their usual risk-benefit analysis with the same level of risk acceptance concerning toys. Factors constraining political consumerism in this sector include long product chains and difficulties in discovering unethical practices and dangerous substances. Actors involved in the political consumerism of toys come from all societal spheres, including retailers. Regulators take action when risks have been discovered by civil society actors or scientists, but international divergence in regulation constitutes an obstacle to concerted action. Future research needs to examine synergies and trade-offs among various risks in toy products.
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| 10120. |
- Klintman, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Transparency through Labelling? Layers of Visibility in Environmental Risk Management
- 2008
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Ingår i: Transparency in a New Global Order: Unveiling Organizational Visions. - 9781845423254 ; , s. 178-197
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this chapter is to move the issue a bit beyond the polarized views of profound critical reflection versus excessive trust in the checking procedures behind standards. We claim that the polarized views are largely due to an over-simplistic understanding of transparency. By comparing practical policy processes surrounding various standards, we aim to provide nuance to the issue of transparency. This study ofpolicy processes, along with examinations of theoretical work in policy analysis, makes clear the limits of merely treating transparency in terms of ‘more’ versus ‘less’. A more thorough understanding of the promise and limits of transparency in policy processes requires, we argue, another dimension, consisting of qualitatively different ‘layers’ of transparency. The basis for our emphasis on this additional dimension is the obvious - yet often overlooked - notion that an examination of standards, which are in turn claimed to disclose hidden, and often physical, risks, needs to take the political context into account as well as the negotiations and framings surrounding the schemes on which the standards are based. Since risks are uncertain, socially and culturally dependent, and since they are evaluated and interpreted in many different ways by actors with diverse ideologies and interests, a more comprehensive transparency must reach far beyond the concrete visibility and direct awareness of the label itself. Based on these claims we find it useful to distinguish between four layers of transparency in relation to standards, certificates and labels: (1) simple, mediated transparency, (2) negotiated transparency, (3) intra-frame transparency and (4) interframe transparency (see figure 1). We maintain, nevertheless, that transparency through standards and labels remains closely related to people’s own direct experiences of risks. Thus, experiences and senses of our environment never loose their relevance even in relation to very abstract, technical and expert-oriented tools. Hence, in addition, direct experience (yet situated, interpreted, etc.) is prevalent at all these four layers. Empirically, this chapter examines how these layers of transparency operate in the context of standardized eco-labelling schemes that are claimed to make invisible risks visible and manageable.
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