| 321. |
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| 322. |
- Rohman, Ibrahim Kholilul, 1980
(författare)
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Relationship between ICT penetration rate and socio-economic variables in the Asian countries: a dynamic panel data approach
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Despite the slow socio-economic development (namely health and education), the ICT sectors havegrown remarkably in Asian region thanks to a massive penetration rate of ICT devices (particularly cellular and internet) in the last couple of decades. This phenomenon raises the question on how much have ICT development contributed to the society. Addressing this issue, the study aims at relating two variables of socio-economic indicators included in the calculation of the Human Development Index (HDI): educational attainment and health, whereas the variables of the Internet subscriber and telephony are representing the development of ICT sectors. The study covers roughly 35 selected Asian countries that represent all the sub-regions in Asia based on the World Bank and International Telecommunication Union (ITU)’s database, and the figures range in time from 1983 to 2005. The study first identifies the unit root test and then builds cointegration between thenon-stationer series. As there are many gaps in thedata, the Maddala-Wu (1999) estimation is implemented while the Westerlund (2007) cointegration test is applied to further examine the long run trend. The results are quite surprising in that ICT sectors represented by internet and telephony have no statistical evidence of cointegration with socioeconomic variables.
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| 323. |
- Wismans, Jac, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Economics of Road Safety – What does it imply under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development?
- 2017
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Ingår i: 10th Regional Environmentally Sustainable Transport (EST) Forum in Asia, 14-16 March 2017 in Vientiane, Lao PDR. ; , s. 1-58
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Road traffic accidents and injuries are a major public health problem and leading cause of death in the Asia EST region (comprises South and Southeast Asia, People's Republic of China, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mongolia and the Russian Federation). This paper aims to: - Review the Road Safety problem in the EST region, including the economic impact- Review of the role of the UN and its entities in the field of road safety, including the 2015 Sustainable Development Goals - Introduce the basics of economics of road safety and the methodology of cost benefit assessment (CBA) and cost-effectiveness analysis (CE)- Review of the status of road safety measures in the EST region and analysis of the importance of investment in road safety in Asia- Develop recommendations on the most cost-effective road safety measures.
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| 324. |
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| 325. |
- Veiderpass, Ann, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating the performance of higher education institutions in Europe: A non-parametric efficiency analysis of 944 institutions
- 2014
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Ingår i: Efficiency in Education Workshop 19th – 20th September 2014 at The Work Foundation, London, U.K.., 2014 ( 9 ) s. 1-22. ; 2014:9, s. 1-22
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Although a long tradition exists of studying the economics of education, performance comparisons of different kinds have traditionally been difficult to undertake. An important impediment has been the lack of comparable data. Tertiary education is no exception and data availability has proven to be problematic in several respects. Thus, early studies focused on traditional universities although higher education institutions (HEIs) represent a diverse group of organizations providing education. Apart from the difficulty of including different types of education providers, the field has also faced the problem of country comparison. At best, researchers have been able to access data within one country or a handful of countries. To a large extent, this study remedies the shortcomings of earlier studies. The study suggests evaluating HEI performance in a production theory context, applying the well-known Data Envelopment Analysis method to a cross section of 944 HEIs in 17 European countries. The DEA approach is particularly suitable in this context where little is known about production technologies and economic behaviour of the HEIs. Our country comparison is based on a large database, developed by the EUMIDA consortium. The consortium developed a census about basic indicators of HEI inputs and outputs. Experts from each country gathered data from national statistics offices, ministries and specific universities and then harmonized the appropriate data according to the agreed upon definitions of indicators. The data collection includes all HEIs which grant postgraduate and graduate education. Hence, the EUMIDA database offers unique micro-data about decision-making units in the higher education sector across Europe. On average, provision of education is found to be most efficient in the Slovak Republic followed by Belgium and Latvia, while Denmark and Norway display the lowest efficiency. The study also indicates a positive relation between high efficiency and research intensity.
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| 326. |
- Gonçalves Machado, Carla, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Digitalization for sustainable production: exploring the use of digital maturity models
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Many companies start a journey towards becoming more digital, seeking to improve productivity, flexibility, resource efficiency, and safety. However, some are looking for guidelines on how to organize themselves to reach these goals. Assuming that digital maturity goes beyond technology, requiring a transformation in business, this paper explores the content of existing digital maturity models, identifying practices and necessary capabilities for increasing digitalization towards more sustainable processes. Qualitative analysis of 21 digital maturity models and an assessment within eight Swedish companies allowed to identify their current-state, andthat digitalization implementation needs to be supported by specific organizational capabilities.
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| 327. |
- Berggren, Eva, 1955-
(författare)
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Student Entrepreneurs : The Influence of University, Entrepreneurship Education and Research
- 2009
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This licentiate thesis deals with the questions if and how entrepreneurship education and access to research at university stimulate student start-ups. The phenomenon of student entrepreneurs is approached in three empirical studies. In the first study mail questionnaires were sent out to former entrepreneurship students at three universities in Sweden, in order to find out if the students’ entrepreneurial behaviour was influenced by education. The second study explores differences in communication skills and the handling of liabilities of newness between entrepreneurs with entrepreneurship education at university and/or previous start-up experience. Student entrepreneurs are compared with a control group of randomly chosen Swedish entrepreneurs. In the third study, the influence from university research on student entrepreneurship as well as direct and indirect regional effects are examined through interviews with university spin-offs around Halmstad University. Entrepreneurship education at university is found to influence entrepreneurial behaviour, to increase the student’s awareness of business opportunities and to result in high start-up frequency early in life. The student entrepreneurs perceive fewer problems to handle some aspects of liability of newness as well as communicative skills in terms of openness and adaptation. Other-orientation is on the other hand supported by previous start-up experience. Hence, with experience from both entrepreneurship education and previous start-up, the students seem well prepared for future start-ups. The case study show multiple and long term indirect effects from student entrepreneurship in developing an entrepreneurial region. Established student entrepreneurs support less experienced student entrepreneurs by linking them to supplementary resources. Students are found to shoulder an important role as academic entrepreneurs in interaction with other individuals connected to the university.
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| 328. |
- Dettwiler, Paul, 1961
(författare)
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Facilities Management of the Offices of Growth Firms: Phases and Location
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- What relations can be found between the concepts of "growth firms" and "facilities management"? As firms grow and expand their facilities together with the facilities related services, they must in some way fulfil the increased and changing needs during the development of the growth firms. Managing the facilities implies a multitude of related activities, which require skills that have to be developed internally or are acquired externally. The studies aim to investigate two research questions: the first is: How do growth firms handle the facilities management of their offices in successive phases of their evolution? A theoretical approach links facilities management to theories of growth firms. A major part of this thesis concentrates both conceptually and empirically to a lifecycle model that has its focus on the development of facilities management for growth firms. The three-phase model is formulated and consists of an entrepreneurial, a managerial, and a consolidation phase for growth firms. This growth phase model was used as a tool for analysis of both qualitative and quantitative studies. The qualitative study focuses on spatial expansion of six growth firms in the Gothenburg region that is then followed by a survey that covers the whole of Sweden with a 40% response rate from 967 growth firms. Among the findings it is revealed that firms that decide to enter a curriculum of FM development also have the lowest age in fulfilling general growth criteria, i.e. firms that grow faster also apply more FM than other firms. Those firms are represented by all major business sectors. In the final part of the covering paper the initial lifecycle model of FM is adjusted to a new concept according to the findings of the research project and the phases are given new characteristic names, i.e. factotum, struture, and balance. The facilities are related in some way to the surrounding world, whereby location issues are also involved in the pursued studies. Internal and external factors influence that development of FM in firms, the second research question is thus: What patterns can be found between facilities management of offices of growth firms and their location? In this thesis, location issues and FM are related in various foci: (1) single site locations are compared to multisite locations, (2) location alternatives, i.e. city cores, suburbs, rural area and company parks and (3) relocation. A model is created based on facilities management issues related to location and business cycles.
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| 329. |
- Eriksson, Victor, 1990
(författare)
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Transport Efficiency: Analysing the Transport Service Triad
- 2019
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis deals with transport services and transport efficiency. There are growing environmental concerns for many industries and the freight transport industry in particular faces challenges in reducing its CO2 emissions. It has been argued that technical advancements on their own are insufficient in dealing with environmental impact from road freight transport and that one way forward could be to look at how firms organise and exchange transport services. The exchange of transport services are highly dependent on the exchange of goods since every exchange of goods generates a demand for transport services. The Transport Service Triad (TST) is introduced as a unit of analysis to explore the connections among firms involved in the exchange of transport services and the exchange of goods. Hence, the aim of this thesis is to study how the organising of transport services impacts on transport efficiency by taking a triadic approach. The theoretical framework is based on the Industrial Network Approach. This approach, with its three interrelated concepts; activities, resources, and actors, are used to capture transport efficiency on various levels in the network. A single case study approach is used to study a focal TST that illustrates the business relationships among three actors, the seller of transport services (a haulier), the seller of goods (a technical wholesaler), and the buyer of goods (a construction firm). The study shows how a TST approach provides a broader scope for analysis of transport efficiency than a firm or dyadic perspective since it captures all relevant parties in the exchange of transport services. Moreover, the study shows how improving transport efficiency from one actor’s perspective might not align with other actors’ views on improved transport efficiency or might conflict with other aspects of efficiency. To manage these issues interaction among firms is necessary to secure that the needed adjustments and adaptations of activities and resources are accomplished.
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| 330. |
- Jacobsson, Stefan, 1975
(författare)
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Access management in intermodal freight terminals: The perspective of road haulier operations
- 2017
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Given its possibilities of switching freight from road to more sustainable modes such as rail, inland water ways and seaways, intermodal freight transportation depends on environmental and economic variables. At the same time, intermodal freight transportation is essentially complex due to the variety of modes of transport and their corresponding actors. To reduce the complexity of such transport, the interaction of those actors and the exchange of information are crucial. In short, the more enhanced information exchange among actors, the higher potential of improving their management of access to intermodal terminals (e.g. railroad terminals and seaports). In this work, access management, refers to the management of the process of actors accessing resources for specific activities in transportation systems. Improved access management that relies upon increased information exchange among those actors might increase resource efficiency via the improved management of truck arrivals to terminals and of road haulier operations. The goal of this research is to clarify how access management affects resource efficiency in road haulage in intermodal freight transportation. Accordingly, the purpose of the research is to improve access management at intermodal freight terminals from the perspective of road haulier operators.The thesis is a compilation of three papers that reports studies involving literature reviews, participant observations, interviews, focus group meetings, and time measurements. First, literature regarding access management and information exchange for road hauliers in intermodal freight transportation was studied. Second, a framework was developed in order to sort and analyse the identified information-related attributes required to improve access management for road hauliers. Third, a differentiation and segmentation framework with corresponding strategies are devised afford a better overview for analysing different access management service used by the industry, as well as to segment access depending on whether the terminal is a railroad terminal or a seaport. Fourth, an information exchange framework was developed and implemented in a smartphone app to measure and analyse the potential operational benefits of improved access management. The major contributions of this work, except the definition of access management, are clarifications of how contemporary access is handled, how access management can be improved, and investigations of the potential operational benefits of improved access management.
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