| 1. |
- Magnusson, Kerstin, 1957, et al.
(författare)
-
Contamination and correlation with toxicity of sediment samples from the Skiagerrak and Kattegat
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Journal of Sea Research. - 1385-1101. ; 35:1-3, s. 223-234
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pollution state in the Skagerrak and Kattegat was investigated by determination of pollutant concentrations and toxicity of sediment samples from 11 stations in the area. A comparison was made with the sediment from a reference site near the Faroe Islands. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and organochlorines were determined in whole sediment and heavy metals and ammonia were analysed in filtered pore water. Toxicity was bioassayed in whole sediment with Nitocra spinipes and Daphnia magna, in pore water with Mytilus edulis larvae and in solvent extracts from sediment with tests measuring etoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity in Oncorhyncus mykiss and rate of denitrification. Sites close to Goteborg and in an area from the Oslo fjord to the Norwegian Trench were most polluted. Sediment from the Faroe Islands was least polluted and also least toxic. Multivariate statistical analysis indicates that the different tests were sensitive to different kinds of pollutants. Effects on mussel larvae correlated strongest with the occurrence of ammonia, manganese, cadmium and PAHs, Nitocra with alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and p,p'-DDD, Daphnia with arsenic and gamma-HCH, fish EROD activity with benzo[ghi]perylene and unknown compounds associated with organic carbon, and denitrification with chlordanes, dieldrin and a few PAHs. The results indicate that sampling sites close to Goteborg are so polluted that harmful effects on the ecosystem probably occur.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Larsson, D. G. Joakim, 1969, et al.
(författare)
-
Ethinyloestradiol – an undesired fish contraceptive?
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Aquatic Toxicology. - 0166-445X .- 1879-1514. ; 45:2-3, s. 91-97
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental oestrogens are natural or synthetic substances present in the environment, which imitate the effects of endogenous oestrogen. Oestrogenic substances were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in effluent water from a Swedish sewage treatment works receiving mainly domestic wastewater. Substances found include the synthetic oestrogen used in contraceptives 17 alpha-ethinyloestradiol (4.5 ng l(-1)), the natural oestrogens oestrone (5.8 ng l(-1)) and 17 beta-oestradiol (1.1 ng l(-1)), and the weaker non-steroidal oestrogens 4-nonylphenol (840 ng l(-1)) and bisphenol A (490 ng l(-1)). Ethinyloestradiol exceeded levels shown to be oestrogenic to fish by 45 times. The oestrogenicity of the effluent water was investigated by introducing juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in cages downstream of the sewage treatment works. After 2 weeks, all oestrogens indicated were present in the bile of the fish, and the oestrogen inducible protein, vitellogenin, was found in large amounts in the plasma (1.5 mg ml(-1)), as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting. Thus, a widely used synthetic oestrogen affects the endocrine systems of fish exposed to sewage effluent water.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Ronisz, Dan, et al.
(författare)
-
Seasonal variations in the activities of selected hepatic biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes in eelpout (Zoarces viviparus).
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part C, Pharmacology, toxicology & endocrinology. - 1367-8280. ; 124:3, s. 271-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) is used in Swedish and German environmental monitoring of pollutant effects in fish and is being considered for the same purpose in other countries, mainly around the Baltic Sea. The activities of several hepatic biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes were monitored during the period of 12 months from August 1996 to July 1997, using newly caught feral eelpout from Kattegat, off the west coast of Sweden. In females, the biotransformation enzyme activities showed significant seasonal variations, although the amplitude of the changes was limited; CYP1A-activity, measured as ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), was highest in February-March and decreased afterwards, possibly due to rising estrogen levels. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity was lowest in November, while the glutathione-S-transferase activity markedly decreased during the winter. The antioxidant enzymes, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase showed small variations in their activity. The number of male fish was limited and the seasonal variations less clear. However, in both sexes, glutathione reductase and peroxidase activities were highest in autumn and May, respectively. This study establishes a baseline for the activities of the selected enzymes in female eelpout, which is important for the environmental monitoring using this fish species.
|
|
