| 51. |
- Göngrich, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
First Year of TREC-Based National SCID Screening in Sweden.
- 2021
-
Ingår i: International journal of neonatal screening. - : MDPI AG. - 2409-515X. ; 7:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Screening for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) was introduced into the Swedish newborn screening program in August 2019 and here we report the results of the first year. T cell receptor excision circles (TRECs), kappa-deleting element excision circles (KRECs), and actin beta (ACTB) levels were quantitated by multiplex qPCR from dried blood spots (DBS) of 115,786 newborns and children up to two years of age, as an approximation of the number of recently formed T and B cells and sample quality, respectively. Based on low TREC levels, 73 children were referred for clinical assessment which led to the diagnosis of T cell lymphopenia in 21 children. Of these, three were diagnosed with SCID. The screening performance for SCID as the outcome was sensitivity 100%, specificity 99.94%, positive predictive value (PPV) 4.11%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 100%. For the outcome T cell lymphopenia, PPV was 28.77%, and specificity was 99.95%. Based on the first year of screening, the incidence of SCID in the Swedish population was estimated to be 1:38,500 newborns.
|
|
| 52. |
|
|
| 53. |
- Hagberg, Anders, 1958, et al.
(författare)
-
Gränsland/Twilight Zone part 1 and 2.
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Skövde Konsthall, February 23, 2023. Bari (Italy) Muratcentoventidue October 14, 2023..
-
Konstnärligt arbete (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Two new compositions by Anders Hagberg, commissioned by Carolina Jonsson for the two-part video, Gränsland 1 (2021), and Gränsland 2 (2023). The thematic starting point for these videos is a series of generic sculptures of children created in the 1940’s and 50’s. At this time just after the war, public art was often used to educate people and create a common narrative for a better future. The children in these sculptures, mostly naked young girls seen through the eyes of male artists, became symbols of hope for a better tomorrow, but also a symbol of health and the natural order of things. These sculptures got Carolina Jonsson thinking about how she, as a female artist, would choose to portray a child today, and how a child today would want to be portrayed. The answer, she realized, was anything but simple. In a time when we are surrounded by an unprecedented flow of images, and people´s self-awareness is at an all-time high, the child's encounter with the camera becomes ambivalent. The pure joy of a child playing is present, but also glimpses of insecurity, self-awareness, and self-control. This becomes especially visible in the second part, Gränsland 2, which was filmed earlier this year. Here the child has become a teenager. The teenager’s desire to be a child and to play is still apparent, but not without a conflict of interest, making the playing soft and beautiful as well as aggressive and frustrated. The music for Gränsland 1, is based on the rhythm and joy of the dancing child. The pulse and articulation were creating the starting point for a solo improvisation on Bass flute. Gränsland 2 is a soundscape for acoustic instruments, samples and electronics which has darker rhythmic elements with an underlying threat.
|
|
| 54. |
|
|
| 55. |
- Ingolfsson, Olafur, et al.
(författare)
-
Glacial geological studies of surge-type glaciers in Iceland — Research
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Earth-Science Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-8252. ; 152, s. 37-69
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surging glaciers are potential analogues for land-terminating palaeo-ice streams and surging ice sheet lobes, and research on surge-type glaciers is important for understanding the causal mechanisms of modern and past ice sheet instabilities. The geomorphic signatures left by the Icelandic surge-type glaciers vary and range from glaciotectonic end moraines formed by folding and thrusting, crevasse-squeeze ridges, concertina eskers, drumlins and fluted forefields, to extensive dead-ice fields and even drift sheets where fast ice-flow indicators are largely missing. We outline some outstanding research questions and review case studies from the surge-type outlets of Brúarjökull, Eyjabakkajökull and Tungnaárjökull (Vatnajökull ice cap), Múlajökull and Sátujökull (Hofsjökull ice cap), Hagafellsjökull and Suðurjökull (Langjökull ice cap), Kaldalónsjökull, Leirufjarðarjökull and Reykjarfjarðarjökull (Drangajökull ice cap), as well as the surge-type cirque glaciers in northern Iceland. We review the current understanding of how rapid ice flow is sustained throughout the surge, the processes that control the development of the surge-type glacier landsystem and the geological evidence of surges found in sediments and landforms. We also examine if it is possible to reconstruct past surge flow rates from glacial landforms and sediments and scale-up present-day surge processes, landforms and landsystems as modern analogues to past ice streams. Finally,we also examine if there is a climate/mass-balance control on surge initiation, duration and frequency.
|
|
| 56. |
- Johannesson, Kerstin, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Ten years of marine evolutionary biology - challenges and achievements of a multidisciplinary research initiative
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Evolutionary Applications. - : Wiley. - 1752-4571. ; 16:2, s. 530-41
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Centre for Marine Evolutionary Biology (CeMEB) at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, was established in 2008 through a 10-year research grant of 8.7 m€ to a team of senior researchers. Today, CeMEB members have contributed >500 scientific publications, 30 PhD theses and have organised 75 meetings and courses, including 18 three-day meetings and four conferences. What are the footprints of CeMEB, and how will the centre continue to play a national and international role as an important node of marine evolutionary research? In this perspective arcticle we first look back over the 10 years of CeMEB activities and briefly survey some of the many achievements of CeMEB. We furthermore compare the initial goals, as formulated in the grant application, with what has been achieved, and discuss challenges and milestones along the way. Finally, we bring forward some general lessons that can be learnt from a research funding of this type, and we take also look ahead, discussing how CeMEB’s achievements and lessons can be used as a springboard to the future of marine evolutionary biology.
|
|
| 57. |
- Johannsson, Gudmundur, 1960, et al.
(författare)
-
Low dose dehydroepiandrosterone affects behavior in hypopituitary androgen-deficient women: a placebo-controlled trial.
- 2002
-
Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 87:5, s. 2046-52
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thirty-eight women, aged 25-65 yr, with androgen deficiency due to hypopituitarism were treated with oral dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA; 30 mg/d if <45 yr of age and 20 mg if > or =45 yr of age) for 6 months in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind study, followed by a 6-month open treatment period. The administration of DHEA raised the serum levels of DHEAS to normal age-related reference ranges and increased androstenedione and T to subnormal levels. Androgen effects on skin and/or pubic and/or axillary hair were observed in 84% (32 of 38) of the women after all received 6 months of DHEA treatment. No such effects were observed after the placebo treatment. These effects after 6 months were correlated with the serum levels of DHEAS (r = 0.37; P = 0.03), androstenedione (r = 0.42; P = 0.01), and T (r = 0.37; P = 0.03). The percentages of partners who reported improved alertness, stamina, and initiative by their spouses were 70%, 64%, and 55%, respectively, in the DHEA group and 11%, 6%, and 11%, respectively, in the placebo group (P < 0.05). According to the partners, sexual relations tended to improve compared with placebo (P = 0.06). After 6 months of treatment, increased sexual interest or activity was reported by 50% of the women taking 30 mg DHEA, by none taking 20 mg DHEA, and by two women taking placebo (P = NS). Compared with levels after placebo administration, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-1 levels decreased after DHEA. Serum concentrations of IGF-I, serum markers of bone metabolism, and bone density did not change. In conclusion, oral administration of a low dose of DHEA to adult hypopituitary women induced androgen effects on skin and axillary and pubic hair as well as changes in behavior, with only minor effects on metabolism.
|
|
| 58. |
- Johansson, Helena, 1981, et al.
(författare)
-
Optimization of BMD measurements to identify high risk groups for treatment--a test analysis.
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Journal of bone and mineral research. - : Wiley. - 0884-0431 .- 1523-4681. ; 19:6, s. 906-13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to develop a methodology to optimize the role of BMD measurements in a case finding strategy. We studied 2113 women > or = 75 years of age randomly selected from Sheffield, UK, and adjacent regions. Baseline assessment included hip BMD and clinical risk factors. Outcomes included death and fracture in women followed for 6723 person-years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Poisson models were used to identify significant risk factors for all fractures and for death with and without BMD and the hazard functions were used to compute fracture probabilities. Women were categorized by fracture probability with and without a BMD assessment. A 10-year fracture probability threshold of 35% was taken as an intervention threshold. Discordance in categorization of risk (i.e., above or below the threshold probability) between assessment with and without BMD was examined by logistic regression as probabilities of re-classification. Age, prior fracture, use of corticosteroids, and low body mass index were identified as significant clinical risk factors. RESULTS: A total of 16.8% of women were classified as high risk based on these clinical risk factors. The average BMD in these patients was approximately 1 SD lower than in low-risk women; 21.5% of women were designated to be at high risk with the addition of BMD. Fifteen percent of all women were reclassified after adding BMD to clinical risk factors, most of whom lay near the intervention threshold. When a high probability of reclassification was accepted (without a BMD test) for high risk to low risk (p1< or = 0.8) and a low probability accepted for low to high risk (P2 < or = 0.2), BMD tests would be required in only 21% of the population. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the use of clinical risk factors can identify elderly women at high fracture risk and that such patients have a low average BMD. BMD testing is required, however, in a minority of women--a fraction that depends on the probabilities accepted for classification and the thresholds of risk chosen. These findings need to be validated in other cohorts at different ages and from different regions of the world.
|
|
| 59. |
- Jonsson, Anders, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Försvarsvilja som attityd och kulturfenomen.
- 1972
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This work is a try to study the willingness in Sweden to defend the nation and to find out on what factors it is based. This will has in Sweden formerly been treated as if it was based on psychological and individual factors. We regard this will to defend the nation as a cultural phenomenon, based on the integration of two other cultural phenomena, the acceptance of the military structure among the people and the identification with their nation. We treat these two cultural phenomena as two historical processes, and we try to study them from their beginning up to date. In the last part of this work we analyse the situation today, and we try to tell which consequences the development has upon the will to defend the nation in Sweden.
|
|
| 60. |
- Jonsson, Anders
(författare)
-
Stress efter traumatiska händelser. Ambulanspersonalens vardag
- 2004
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aims: Paper I: To examine the prevalence of posttraumatic stress reactions among ambulance personnel and to investigate whether different levels of Sense Of Coherence are related to different consequences of traumatic stress.Paper II: To uncover the essence of traumatic events experienced by Swedish ambulance personnel. Paper III: To investigate the association between daily work exposure to traumatic events and emotional and mental wellbeing, and if self knowledge influence how well you handle the effects of daily work exposure to such events.Paper IV: To uncover and deepen the understanding of the way ambulance staff experience and handle traumatic events, and to develop the understanding of the life world of the participants.Methods: Paper I & III: To estimate the prevalence of trauma related disorders (Paper I), a representative group of 362 ambulance personal was surveyed through use of Antonovsky s 13-item version of SOC-13 Scale. To measure reactions to traumatic events two instruments were used, Impact of Event Scale (IES-15) and the Post Traumatic Symptom Scale (PTSS-10). A correlate was established between posttraumatic symptoms using IES-15 and the Professional Self Description Form (Paper III).Paper II & IV In the study (Paper II) written stories from 52 ambulance personnel describing an experienced traumatic event were analysed by the van Kaam method. In the study ten ambulance personnel were interviewed. To reach a deeper understanding an interpretative Heideggerian approach was applied, based on an existential perspective (Paper IV).Results: Paper I & III: A total of 223 of the ambulance personnel reported that they had had experience of what they described as traumatic situations. Of those who reported a traumatic situation 15.2% scored 31 or more on the IES-15 sub scale. On the PTSS-10 sub scale 12.1% scored 5 or more, which indicates a relatively strong reaction. The study indicates that lower sense of coherence predicts post-traumatic stress. Other predictors for the extent of traumatic stress were longer job experience, age, physical and psychological workload (Paper I). There were significant differences on PSDF sub scales between those with or without posttraumatic symptoms (Paper III). Paper II & IV: Findings indicate that the ambulance personnel have a strong identification with the victims and it is impossible to prepare for events that are unforeseen and meaningless. To handle the overwhelming feelings of identification, the personnel have to gain understanding through talking about those feelings (Paper II). The findings show that post-traumatic stress symptoms, guilt, shame and self-reproach are common after duty related traumatic events (Paper IV).Conclusions: The mental health and emotional well being of ambulance personnel appears to be at risk in accident and emergency work. The high prevalence of PTSD symptoms in ambulance personnel indicates a normal inability to cope with posttraumatic stress caused by their daily work.
|
|
