| 1541. |
- Ishola, Mofoluwake M., et al.
(author)
-
Effect of Fungal and Phosphoric acid Pretreatment on Ethanol production from Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) during Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF).
- 2013
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Empty fruit bunches (EFB) is a lignocellulosic residue after palm oil extraction and can be a cheap feedstock for lignocellulosic ethanol production. EFB was pretreated with phosphoric acid as a means of chemical pretreatment and white rot fungi Pleurotus floridanus LIPIMC966 as a means of biological pretreatment, both methods were later combined. The pretreated materials were fermented to ethanol with simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). SSF was performed at temperature of 31°C and a pH of 5.0. Cellulase enzyme Cellic® CTec2, was used for the hydrolysis and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae CBS 8066 was used for the fermentation. Hydrolysis alone was also carried out on the EFB so as to measure digestibility with the different pretreatments. Pretreatment with combination of the two methods, phosphoric acid pretreatment and fungal pretreatment improves the digestibility by 7.4, 6.3 and 4.0 folds respectively. During the SSF, phosphoric acid pretreatment gave the highest ethanol yield of 77.2% of the theoretical yield at 48 h, combination of phosphoric and fungal pretreatment gave highest yeild of 76% at 48 h while a yield of 24% was produced as the highest yeild from the fungal pretreated material at 72 h. This study shows that a combination of phosphoric acid and fungal pretreatment could potentially increase the ethanol yield from this lignocellulosic material.
|
|
| 1542. |
- Ishola, Mofoluwake M., et al.
(author)
-
Evaluation of Nigerian Agricultural Biomass for Bioethanol Production
- 2011
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Nigeria is a tropical country with the over 150 million inhabitants out of which 70% is employed by agriculture. Bioethanol sticks out as the most important renewable biofuel and can be produced from lignocellulosic materials which include agricultural residues. Nigeria has the potentials of becoming a major biofuel ethanol producing country considering huge amount of agricultural wastes and residues generated each year, however, there is need for proper evaluation and planning before heavily investment in commercial production. This study focuses on the evaluation of the potentials of bioethanol production in Nigeria from various agricultural biomass and residues.
|
|
| 1543. |
- Ishola, Mofoluwake M., et al.
(author)
-
Minimization of Bacterial Contamination with High Solid Loading during Ethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Materials
- 2014
-
In: New Biotechnology. - : New Biotechnology. - 1871-6784.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ethanol is the most important renewable fuel in the transportation sector. Its production from lignocellulosic materials, commonly referred to as second generation ethanol, is considered more attractive than production from starch and sugar crops. Bacterial contamination by lactic acid-producing bacteria is still a major problem during ethanol production processes. Bacteria compete with the yeast by consuming the sugars and the nutrients required by the yeast for efficient ethanol production. This often causes substantial economic losses at industrial fermentations. In this study, without any sterilization of the substrate, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) was performed using cellulase Cellic® Ctec2 enzyme for hydrolysis and Baker’s yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was used as the fermenting organism with different loads of suspended solids - 8%, 10% and 12%. With8%and 10% SS, there was a significant contamination, which caused consumption of both hexoses pentose sugars in the fermentation medium, this resulted in lactic acid concentrations of 43 g/L and 36 g/L from 10% SS and 8% SS respectively. In contrast, only 2.9 g/L lactic acid was observed with 12% SS. An ethanol concentration of 47 g/L was produced from high solid loading of 12% SS while just 26 g/L and 23 g/L were produced from 10% and 8% SS respectively. Our results show that SSF with 12% SS has an increased concentration of inhibitors, particularly acetic acid which selectively inhibited the bacterial growth without affecting the metabolic activities of the yeast during the fermentation.
|
|
| 1544. |
- Ishola, Mofoluwake M., et al.
(author)
-
Simultaneous Saccharification, Filtration and Fermentation (SSFF) for Lignocellulosic ethanol production
- 2013
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- A novel method of bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass “Simultaneous Saccharification Filtration and Fermentation (SSFF)” was developed and examined. SSFF is an integrated process which combines the advantages of both Separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) together. The process involves simultaneous enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated lignocellulosic material, cross-flow filtration of the enzymatically treated suspension and fermentation of the sugar-rich filtrate with flocculating strain of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as fermenting organism in a continuous process. The individual units of the SSFF integrated process was examined, and compared with SSF for a slurry of 10% SS (suspended solids) of pretreated lignocelluloses. Capacity tests were performed on the fermentation unit as well. Slurries of up to 14% SS could be pumped through the cross-flow filter membrane module without clogging the module. The yeast strain used was able to efficiently consume the glucose from the hydrolysis passed through the filtration effectively. SSFF cultivations resulted in an ethanol yield of 85% of the theoretical yield, and the flocculating yeast was effectively reused for 5 different batches of SSFF. Our new process of SSFF has the potential to be used in industrial lignocellulosic ethanol production.
|
|
| 1545. |
|
|
| 1546. |
- Israelsson-Skogsberg, Åsa
(author)
-
Barn och ungdomar med hemventilatorbehanling – erfarenheter av dagligt liv
- 2018
-
In: Livets möjligheter, en nationell konferens om personer med flerfunktionsnedsättning och deras anhöriga. Stockholm, 23-24 april, 2018.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Bakgrund Utvecklingen inom medicinsk teknik och behandling har ökat överlevnaden för barn med allvarliga sjukdomar eller skador. En del av barnen har behov av ventilatorbehandling i hemmet. Gruppen ökar i antal i hela världen (1-3). Det finns ingen exakt kunskap om hur många barn som behandlas i Sverige idag, men ett uppskattat antal är cirka 300 (4). Gruppen växer stadigt, i nivå med trenden som ses internationellt. Det saknas idag forskning i Sverige som fokuserar på hur det dagliga livet kan vara för barn med hemventilatorbehandling.Syfte Presentationen baseras på nio intervjuer med barn och ungdomar med hemventilator.Metod Nio barn och ungdomar har intervjuats. Photovoice (5) har använts som komplement i datainsamlingen. Intervjuerna är analyserade med kvalitativ innehållsanalys.Resultat Deltagarna berättade om en vardag med stora utmaningar, men gjorde samtidigt klart att det var deras sätt att leva. De betraktade sig inte som sjuka, om inte något extraordinärt hände. Vardagen kännetecknades dock av en sårbarhet då det alltid fanns risk att bli allvarligt sjuk, av för andra, ofarliga virus och bakterier. De kunde bli nekade personlig assistans, vilket drastiskt skulle minska möjligheten att delta i aktiviteter utanför hemmet. Modern medicinsk teknologi och sociala medier, bloggar och onlinedataspel var viktigt för att tillgång till och vara en del av omvärldenSlutsats Studiens resultat visar att barn och ungdomar kan uppleva sitt liv som gott och innehållsrikt trots en svår sjukdom. Genom att lyssna på barnens och ungdomarnas egna röster om vad de anser vara ett gott liv kan vi få mer kunskap och insikt i hur en god och individanpassad vård kan utformas som harmonerar med individuella önskemål om livsstil.
|
|
| 1547. |
- Israelsson-Skogsberg, Åsa, 1968-
(author)
-
Interviewing children with home mechanical ventilation – privileges and challenges
- 2017
-
In: 23rd Annual Qualitative Health Research Conference 2017, Québec City, Québec, Canada.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Research that focuses on children living with home mechanical ventilation (HMV) and their own voices and perspective is sparse. Developments in medical technology, care and treatment have increased the survival of children with serious illnesses or injuries. This means that a raising numbers of technology-assisted children can live their lives in their own homes. Children with HMV are a part of this unique population. The underlying medical diagnosis varies and may cause severe functional limitations, for example difficulties to breathe, walk, eat, swallow and in some cases talk. Ventilator support may be required either during sleep or over 24 hours invasively (with tracheostomy) or non-invasively (with a facemask). The aim is to present experiences from interviewing children living with faltering voices and communication problems related to ventilator treatment. Nine interviews with children (age range 7-20 years) with HMV were conducted. Photovoice was used to supplement the data collection process. Challenges with interviewing will be presented such as individually tailoring the interview sessions to each person´s wishes, having a parent or a personal care assistant present at the interviews, and the privileges in being welcome to share a moment in the child´s daily life. Data were analyzed using an inductive and interpretive approach to qualitative content analysis. The comprehensive, careful and slow data analysis revealed that the parent's voice was sometimes a part of the voice of the child and had to be handled as one voice. The child's voice itself was not strong enough to conduct a long conversation.
|
|
| 1548. |
- Iyer, Sweta, 1987-, et al.
(author)
-
Bio-inspired approaches to design bio-luminescent textiles
- 2017
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Luminescent textiles are being increasingly used in apparel and sportswear aswell as in buildings, agriculture and automotives, for safety alert or forillumination or as a design feature[1]. Till now these luminescent textiles havebeen based on technologies such as LED, luminescent particles (rare earthmetals and metal oxides), which are not so eco‐friendly[2].Bio‐inspired strategies can provide efficient methods to achieve eco friendlybioluminescent textiles. Research projects have explored ways which aremainly based on culture of bioluminescent algae[3] or bacteria on textiles.Here we present another approach to achieve bioluminesence using biobasedproducts from various living organisms such as fireflies, fungi, earthwormsthat are found in land and in jelly fishes, shrimps, dinoflagellates, corals inmarine environment [4]. In order to mimic the luminescence effect seen innature, reaction mechanisms in various bioluminescent living organisms arestudied and the components or molecules responsible for luminescence areidentified [5‐10]. Most of the time, these involve enzymatic reactions.However the main challenge is to reproduce the bioluminescent mechanismand to adapt it to new materials which can yield some eco efficient bioinspired luminescent textiles.
|
|
| 1549. |
- Iyer, Sweta, 1987-, et al.
(author)
-
Measurement of luminescence intensity on textiles using Luminous bacterial biocatalytic system
- 2019
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nature is the most exquisite thing around us with the existence of living organisms exhibiting different phenomena such as water repel/ency, touch sensitive plant and chameleon skin. Some of these phenomena inspired scientists to explore and design smart fabrics biomimicking the behaviour or pattern in living organisms. Bioluminescence is one such phenomenon where-in different living organisms such as firefly, jelly fish and crustaceans have the ability to impart visible light of specific wavelength, by enzyme catalysed reactions. Existence and study of such light emitting living organisms have been carried out, and harnessing these reactions has already transformed significant areas of medical field and clinical diagnosis, but research work on transforming this into living light is limited. In the present study, luminous bacterial system was investigated to assess and detect the bioluminescence behaviour onto the textile material. In the Luminous bacterial system, in vivo biochemical mechanism involves two different enzymes as well as different substrate components. Emission of light due to in vivo luminous bacterial reaction mechanism is seen in visible region. For in vitro reaction mechanism study, physical adsorption technique was used to graft both enzymes on plasma activated PET nonwoven textile and when substrates were introduced manually during the analysis, the biochemical reaction leading to light production occured. A Luminometer equipment was used to determine the light intensity in terms of Relative light units (RLU). The measurement results were obtained for nonwoven plasma treated PET with enzyme and substrate addition at different concentration and RLU value was obtained. The analysis data revealed that light intensity in RLU could be recorded by introducing both the enzymes and substrates on textile material, however intensive research is required in order to observe emitted light through the naked eye. The research study will help to attain
|
|
| 1550. |
- IYER, SWETA, 1987-, et al.
(author)
-
Photoluminescent textile using biobased riboflavin derivative (FMN)
- 2018
-
In: 18th AUTEX World Textile Conference, Istanbul, Turkey. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). ; , s. 1-4
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Riboflavin derivative such as Flavin mononucleotide possesses distinctive biological and physicochemical properties such as photosensitivity, redox activity and fluorescence. Flavin mononucleotide widely known as FMN is a biomolecule having molecular formula as C17H20N4NaO9P and is produced from biobased riboflavin by enzymatic reaction in living organisms. In contrast to riboflavin which is sparingly soluble in water, FMN is highly water soluble due to the presence of an ionic phosphate group. The presence of isoalloxazine ring in FMN is responsible for its properties such as UV absorption and fluorescence. This study evaluates the potential use of Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) for production of photoluminescent textile.
|
|
