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  • Resultat 82511-82520 av 166390
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82511.
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82512.
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82513.
  • Kondziella, Daniel, 1976, et al. (författare)
  • Hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in superficial CNS siderosis.
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Journal of the neurological sciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-510X. ; 273:1-2, s. 130-2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In superficial CNS siderosis chronic subarachnoidal hemorrhage leads to hemosiderin deposits in the subpial layers of the brain and spinal cord. Many years usually pass between the initial event causing chronic bleedings and the development of cerebellar ataxia, sensory hearing loss and various sensorimotor deficits. The only therapeutic option is to identify and eliminate the bleeding source. Otherwise slow relentless decline to a bedridden state and dementia is usually unavoidable. However, it is not known how precisely leptomeningeal hemosiderin deposits induce progressive neurodegeneration. Here we present the first report of a patient with superficial CNS siderosis in whom cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of brain damage were assessed. Levels of neurofilament light protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, total tau protein and, most importantly, hyperphosphorylated tau protein were increased. The results indicate that in superficial CNS siderosis neurodegeneration may be secondary to iron toxicity and oxidative stress. Similar mechanisms have been suggested for other neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
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82514.
  • Kondziella, Daniel, 1976, et al. (författare)
  • Hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats occurs despite low plasma levels of homocysteine
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Physiological Research. - 0862-8408. ; 57:3, s. 487-490
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Hyperhomocysteinemia has been suggested to induce hypertension due to its role in endothelial dysfunction. However, it remains controversial whether homocysteine and hypertension are truly causally related or merely loosely associated. To test the hypothesis that hyperhomocysteinemia occurs in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) we measured plasma levels of homocysteine in 10 male adult SHR and in 10 normotensive controls using Ion Exchange Chromatography. In addition, plasma concentrations of the 22 most common amino acids were measured to explore the relation of homocysteine with amino acid metabolism. Plasma levels of homocysteine were significantly lower in SHR (4.1 micromol/L +/-0.1) than in controls (7.2 micromol/L +/- 0.3; p<0.00001). The amounts of aminobutyric acid (ABU), alanine, citrulline and valine were decreased as well, whereas we found increased levels of aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, histidine and ornithine. Thus, contrary to our hypothesis, hypertension in SHR occurs despite low plasma levels of homocysteine. We provide a new hypothesis whereby reduced conversion of arginine to citrulline is related to increased ornithine levels, but decreased bioavailability of nitric oxide, resulting in impaired blood vessel relaxation and hypertension. In conclusion, our findings do not necessarily exclude that homocysteine and hypertension might be pathophysiologically connected, but corroborate the notion that hypertension can arise due to mechanisms independent of high homocysteine levels.
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82515.
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82516.
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82517.
  • Konemann, S., et al. (författare)
  • Combination of In Situ Feeding Rate Experiments and Chemical Body Burden Analysis to Assess the Influence of Micropollutants in Wastewater on Gammarus pulex
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Int J Environ Res Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 16:5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Wastewater discharge is one of the main sources of micropollutants within the aquatic environment. To reduce the risks for the aquatic environment, the reduction of the chemical load of wastewater treatment plant effluent is critical. Based on this need, additional treatment methods, such as ozonation, are currently being tested in several wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In the present study, effects were investigated using in situ feeding experiments with Gammarus pulex and body burden analyses of frequently detected micropollutants which used a Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) multi-residue method to quantify internal concentrations in collected gammarids. Information obtained from these experiments complemented data from the chemical analysis of water samples and bioassays, which predominantly cover hydrophilic substances. When comparing up- and downstream feeding rates of Gammarus pulex for seven days, relative to the WWTPs, no significant acute effects were detected, although a slight trend of increased feeding rate downstream of the WWTP Aachen-Soers was observed. The chemical load released by the WWTP or at other points, or by diffuse sources, might be too low to lead to clear acute effects on G. pulex. However, some compounds found in wastewater are able to alter the microbial community on its leaves, leading to an increase in the feeding rate of G. pulex. Chemical analysis of internal concentrations of pollutants in the tissues of collected gammarids suggests a potential risk for chronic effects with the chemicals imidacloprid, thiacloprid, carbendazim, and 1H-benzotriazole when exceeding the critical toxic unit value of -3. This study has demonstrated that a combination of acute testing and measurement of the internal concentration of micropollutants that might lead to chronic effects is an efficient tool for investigating river systems, assuming all relevant factors (e.g., species or season) are taken into account.
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82518.
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82519.
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82520.
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