| 61. |
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| 62. |
- Avendal, Christel, 1977-
(författare)
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Förhöjd vardaglighet : Unga på landsbygden gör vardag
- 2021
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I avhandlingen skildras vardagslivet hos en grupp unga som bor på landsbygden. Medan vardagen i regel ses som grå och trist visar avhandlingen hur unga gör den till något särskilt, meningsfullt och roligt, hur de gör förhöjd vardaglighet. Genom att studera ungas vardagsliv med etnografiska metoder och teoretisk nyfikenhet når studien kunskap bortom de problembeskrivningar som vanligtvis skildrar såväl unga som landsbygderna. Avhandlingen visar hur unga gör förhöjd vardaglighet genom utfärder i vardagens vidgade rum, genom att skapa och bemästra osäkra situationer samt genom sällskap och samvaro med människor, djur och prylar. Kunskaper och lärande framträder som en genomgripande dimension av förhöjd vardaglighet, och ofta förbisedda vardagskunskaper uppmärksammas. Avhandlingen lyfter fram värdet av det invanda och alldagliga och visar på behovet av att socialt arbete och liknande praktikområden uppmärksammar vardagslivet och förhöjd vardaglighet.
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| 63. |
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| 64. |
- Avendal, Christel
(författare)
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Social Work in Ghana: Engaging Traditional Actors in Professional Practices
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Comparative Social Work. - Stavanger : Stavanger University Library. - 0809-9936. ; 6:2, s. 106-124
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In contemporary Ghana, the traditional system and professional social work operate as two parallel systems within the field of social work. The aim of this study was to investigate if and how the teaching of contemporary professional social work in Ghana takes into account traditional actors and practices. The traditional system includes extended family members and traditional authorities such as chiefs or family heads. It formed the social institution that protected and cared for the vulnerable before (Western) social work was introduced as a formal profession in Ghana. A 10-week ethnographic field study was conducted at the Department of Social Work at the University of Ghana. The study employed a qualitative, social constructionist approach, interpreting the results within a theoretical framework of social world theory. The empirical material consisted of interviews with students and teachers, participant observation at lectures, and various documents. The main findings of the study were that professional social workers and traditional actors can be seen as members of two subworlds – the subworld of professional social workers and the subworld of traditional actors. Students and teachers discuss interventions from the perspective of social workers and traditional actors. Their ability to take different perspectives seems to be crucial for localisation – the process by which social work is made relevant to local culture and traditions. The interviewees’ accounts reveal how localisation is not only about culture, but also about social structures and practical considerations. The poor state of the social work profession in Ghana affects interventions in a profound way.
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| 65. |
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| 66. |
- Averfalk, Helge, 1988-
(författare)
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Low-temperature District Heating : Various Aspects of Fourth-generation Systems
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- With decreasing heat demand and less availability of high-temperature heat supply in future energy systems, the current district heating systems may experience increased competition on the heat market. A viable option to mitigate increasing competition is to operate systems with lower temperature levels, and the most conceivable way to achieve lower temperature levels is to decrease return temperatures.In this thesis, aspects of improvements in district heating systems are assessed. Three aspects, in particular, have been analysed. These are integration between energy systems, improvements in heat distribution technology, and economic benefits of low-temperature district heating systems.An increasing interest in integrating different energy systems has been prompted by the rapid introduction of intermittent renewable electricity supply in the energy system. Large-scale conversion of power to heat in electric boilers and heat pumps is a feasible alternative to achieve the balancing capacities required to maintain system functioning. Analysis of the unique Swedish experience using large heat-pump installations connected to district heating systems shows that, since the 1980s, 1527 MW of heat power has been installed, and about 80% of the capacity was still in use in 2013. Thus, a cumulative value of over three decades of operation and maintenance exists within Swedish district heating systems.Increased competition prompted by changes in the operation environment necessitates improved heat distribution. This thesis focuses on three system-embedded temperature errors: first, the temperature error that occurs due to recirculation in distribution networks at low heat demands; second, the temperature error that occurs due to hot-water circulation in multi-family buildings; third, the temperature error that occurs due to lower heat transfer than is possible in heat exchangers (i.e. too-short thermal length). To address these temperature errors, three technology changes have been proposed (i) a three-pipe distribution network to separate the recirculation return flow from the delivery return flow, (ii) apartment substations to eliminate hot-water circulation use, and (iii) improved heat exchangers for lower return temperatures. The analysis of the proposed changes indicates annual average return temperatures between 17°C and 21°C.The final analysed aspect is the economic benefits of low-temperature district heating. It was identified that strong economic motives for lower operating temperatures in future heat supply exist, whereas the economic motives are significantly weaker for the traditional heat supply.The five papers presented in this thesis are related to future district heating systems through the five abilities of fourth-generation district heating (4GDH), which are documented in the definition paper on 4GDH.
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| 67. |
- Bajtner, Estelle, et al.
(författare)
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Chronic development of collagen-induced arthritis is associated with arthritogenic antibodies against specific epitopes on type II collagen
- 2005
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Ingår i: Arthritis Research & Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6354 .- 1478-6362. ; 7, s. R1148-R1157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibodies against type II collagen (CII) are important in the development of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and possibly also in rheumatoid arthritis. We have determined the fine specificity and arthritogenicity of the antibody response to CII in chronic relapsing variants of CIA. Immunization with rat CII in B10.Q or B10.Q(BALB/cxB10.Q)F2 mice induces a chronic relapsing CIA. The antibody response to CII was determined by using triple-helical peptides of the major B cell epitopes. Each individual mouse had a unique epitope-specific response and this epitope predominance shifted distinctly during the course of the disease. In the B10.Q mice the antibodies specific for C1 and U1, and in the B10.Q(BALB/cxB10.Q)F2 mice the antibodies specific for C1, U1 and J1, correlated with the development of chronic arthritis. Injection of monoclonal antibodies against these epitopes induced relapses in chronic arthritic mice. The development of chronic relapsing arthritis, initially induced by CII immunization, is associated with an arthritogenic antibody response to certain CII epitopes.
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| 68. |
- Bakker, Roel H., et al.
(författare)
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Impact of wind turbine sound on annoyance, self-reported sleep disturbance and psychological distress
- 2012
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 425, s. 42-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of the research: The present government in the Netherlands intends to realize a substantial growth ofwind energy before 2020, both onshore and offshore. Wind turbines, when positioned in the neighborhood ofresidents may cause visual annoyance and noise annoyance. Studies on other environmental sound sources,such as railway, road traffic, industry and aircraft noise show that (long-term) exposure to sound can havenegative effects other than annoyance from noise. This study aims to elucidate the relation between exposureto the sound of wind turbines and annoyance, self-reported sleep disturbance and psychological distress ofpeople that live in their vicinity. Data were gathered by questionnaire that was sent by mail to a representativesample of residents of the Netherlands living in the vicinity of wind turbinesPrincipal results: A dose–response relationship was found between immission levels of wind turbine soundand selfreported noise annoyance. Sound exposure was also related to sleep disturbance and psychologicaldistress among those who reported that they could hear the sound, however not directly but with noiseannoyance acting as a mediator. Respondents living in areas with other background sounds were less affectedthan respondents in quiet areas.Major conclusions: People living in the vicinity of wind turbines are at risk of being annoyed by the noise, anadverse effect in itself. Noise annoyance in turn could lead to sleep disturbance and psychological distress. Nodirect effects of wind turbine noise on sleep disturbance or psychological stress has been demonstrated,which means that residents, who do not hear the sound, or do not feel disturbed, are not adversely affected.
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| 69. |
- Bandh, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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L1-orienterad grammatikundervisning i L2-kontext : En kvalitativ studie
- 2023
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Ingår i: Acta Didactica Norden. - Oslo : Acta Didactica Norge. - 2535-8219. ; 17:4, s. 1-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article shows how a grammar-didactic model designed for an L1 context can be used for grammar learning as well as language and writing development in an L2 con-text. Because classrooms in Sweden, Denmark and Norway are becoming increasingly heterogenous, teachers must be able to develop the language of pupils with differing linguistic predispositions. The model that is being proposed is designed around explicit teaching with the table for sentence structure as point of departure (see Appendix 1). The purpose of the model is to act as a tool for language development, while simul-taneously contributing to the consolidation of grammatical knowledge. In the article, results from an intervention study are presented, where the model has been used for grammar teaching and process-writing in a class of L2 pupils. The pupils’ grammar learning, as it manifests in their results on the grammar exam as well as in their handlingof the teacher’s comments on their texts, is examined using the concepts appropriation, internalization and implementation. The pupils’ exam results show to which extent the pupils have appropriated grammatical knowledge, while their handling of the text-comments show if and how they have internalized and potentially implemented the grammatical knowledge. In the analysis, the pupils’ exam results and texts are compared, focusing on clausal hierarchy, inversion and V2 as well as agreement and definiteness in nominal phrases – areas that have previously been shown to be central for language development while at the same time problematic when learning grammar. The analyses indicate that the pupils have appropriated the grammatical knowledge to differing extents and that some are on their way toward an internalization of the knowledge. One conclusion is that, while this way of working requires great effort by teachers and pupils, the formal grammatical knowledge and the practical working with texts appear to benefit each other.
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| 70. |
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