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- Amvrosiadi, Nino
(author)
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The value of experimental data and modelling for exploration of hydrological functioning: The case of a till hillslope
- 2017
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Successfully modeling one system response (e.g. hydrograph or solute transport) sometimes gives the false sense of well-characterizing the modeled system. This is partly because of the well-known equifinality issue; during the calibration process multiple parameter combinations can produce similarly good results. One step forward towards a better-defined system is using measured (at relevant scale) values for the model parameters, as well as using multiple conditions to constrain the model.But when not enough, or relevant, field measurements are available, virtual experiments (VE’s) can be used as a supplementary method to model calibration. The advantage of VE’s over model calibration is that they can also be used to explore assumptions both on the system hydrological processes, and on the model structure.One goal of this study was to utilize both field measurements and models for better characterization of the S-transect hillslope, located in Västrabäcken catchment, Northern Sweden. This included (a) characteristics in space: system vertical boundaries, hydraulic parameters, pore water velocity distribution, spatial correlation of flowpaths, soil water retention properties; (b) characteristic of system’s dynamic behavior: storage – discharge relationship, transit time distribution, turnover time; and (c) outputs’ sensitivity to external forcing, and to small scale structure assumptions. The second goal was to comment on the value of field measurements and virtual experiments for extracting information about the studied system.An intensely monitored study hillslope was chosen for this work. Although the hillslope has already been the subject of multiple field and modelling studies, there are still open questions regarding the characteristics listed above. The models used were the Vertical Equilibrium Model (VEM), and the Multiple Interacting Pathways (MIPs) model.It was found that the hillslope was well connected; from the near-stream areas up to the water divide the storage – discharge relationship could be described as an exponential function. Also, the dynamic storage (which controls the hydrograph dynamics) was much smaller comparing to the total hillslope storage. The unsaturated soil storage was found to be more sensitive to water table positions than vertical flux magnitude. The dynamic condition of external forcing (precipitation and evapotranspiration) affected the transit time distribution (TTD) shape. And, opposite to expectations, TTD was not sensitive to micro-scale structural assumptions tested here.
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- Eriksson, Lars-Henrik, et al.
(author)
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A programming calculus based on partial inductive definitions (with an introduction to the theory of partial inductive definitions)
- 1988. - 1
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- We present a general framework (a programming calculus) for the specification, verification and synthesis of programs. The underlying programming paradigm is similar in spirit to logic programming but based on the theory of partial inductive definitions instead of predicate logic. Within this framework we give criteria for the correctness of programs and outline a methodology for using these criteria to perform verifications and syntheses. The programming calculus permits us to use an arbitrary specification language, as long as this language itself can be defined within our framework. The program language is based on partial inductive definitions. Such definitions can be regarded as sets of an extension to Horn clauses of logic, so traditional logic (pure Prolog) programs are included as a special case. Since the theory of partial inductive definitions is not widely known, we include an introduction to it. This introduction can also be read by itself, without any interest in the programming calculus.
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- Eriksson, Lars-Henrik, et al.
(author)
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Formal specification and validation of a cache-coherence protocol
- 1995. - 1
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- We specify a cache coherence protocol for cache-only shared memory multiprocessor architectures using the $\pi$-calculus. The analysis of the specification of the protocol is discussed, with emphasis on the use of the modal $\mu$-calculus to express correctness properties. The protocol specification is expressed using recursion variables inside parallel composition and thus it does not adhere to the syntactic requirements for finite control. We argue that the specification still belongs to a class of $\pi$-calculus processes for which model checking and bisimilarity checking is decidable. The relaxation of the syntactical requirement for finite control permits more natural specifications to be made. We expect that specifications which are naturally expressed using recursion variables inside parallel compositions but still permit decidable analyses are common in practise.
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- Feeney, Laura Marie, et al.
(author)
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Enabling limited traffic scheduling in asynchronous ad hoc networks
- 2005
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In: 3rd Swedish National Computer Networking Workshop (SNCNW 2005).
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- We present work-in-progress developing a communication framework that addresses the communication challenges of the decentralized multihop wireless environment. The main contribution is the combination of a fully distributed, asynchronous power save mechanism with adaptation of the timing patterns defined by the power save mechanism to improve the energy and bandwidth efficiency of communication in multihop wireless networks. The possibility of leveraging this strategy to provide more complex forms of traffic management is explored.
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- Giustiniano, Domenico, et al.
(author)
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Connecting Battery-free IoT Tags Using LED Bulbs
- 2018
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In: Proceedings of the 17th ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. ; , s. 99-105, s. 99-105
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- We introduce BackVLC, a system to connect battery-free IoT tags using LED bulbs. We make use of bulbs beyond illumination. We send data to the tags with visible light communication (VLC), and retrofit the bulbs with simple circuitry to enable the uplink channel current VLC systems lack, using Radio Frequency (RF) backscatter communication from the tags. Tags process and send data, harvesting energy from light and radio. We present our system design and implementation, evaluate it in preliminary simulation studies and experiments, and discuss the research challenges to develop a complete network architecture. BackVLC is the first work that combines VLC with RF backscatter.
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- Krebs, Alice, et al.
(author)
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Template for the Description of Cell-Based Toxicological Test Methods to Allow Evaluation and Regulatory Use of the Data
- 2019
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In: Altex. - : ALTEX Edition. - 1868-596X .- 1868-8551. ; 36:4, s. 682-699
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Only few cell-based test methods are described by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guidelines or other regulatory references (e.g., the European Pharmacopoeia). The majority of toxicity tests still falls into the category of non-guideline methods. Data from these tests may nevertheless be used to support regulatory decisions or to guide strategies to assess compounds (e.g., drugs, agrochemicals) during research and development if they fulfill basic requirements concerning their relevance, reproducibility and predictivity. Only a method description of sufficient clarity and detail allows interpretation and use of the data. To guide regulators faced with increasing amounts of data from non-guideline studies, the OECD formulated Guidance Document 211 (GD211) on method documentation for the purpose of safety assessment. As GD211 is targeted mainly at regulators, it leaves scientists less familiar with regulation uncertain as to what level of detail is required and how individual questions should be answered. Moreover, little attention was given to the description of the test system (i.e., cell culture) and the steps leading to it being established in the guidance. To address these issues, an annotated toxicity test method template (ToxTemp) was developed (i) to fulfill all requirements of GD211, (ii) to guide the user concerning the types of answers and detail of information required, (iii) to include acceptance criteria for test elements, and (iv) to define the cells sufficiently and transparently. The fully annotated ToxTemp is provided here, together with reference to a database containing exemplary descriptions of more than 20 cell-based tests.
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