| 1. |
- Acuña Mora, Mariela, et al.
(författare)
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Definitions, instruments and correlates of patient empowerment : A descriptive review
- 2021
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Ingår i: Patient Education and Counseling. - : Elsevier. - 0738-3991 .- 1873-5134.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This review aimed to: (i) inventory the definitions and measurements of patient empowerment in healthcare literature; (ii) appraise the conceptual and methodological rigor of included studies; and (iii) identify correlates of patient empowerment in persons with chronic conditions.Methods: Four databases were searched to identify articles measuring patient empowerment in persons with chronic conditions, used a quantitative design and provided evidence on correlates of patient empowerment. Seventy-six articles were included and analyzed by descriptive statistics and summative content analysis.Results: The articles used a range of definitions (n = 35) and instruments (n = 38), evaluating a range of correlates in four categories: sociodemographic characteristics, clinical outcomes, patient-reported outcomes and patient-reported experiences. The most frequent associations were between patient empowerment and age (n = 21), sex (n = 15), educational level (n = 15) and quality of life (n = 18). However, they were not always significant.Conclusion: The broad variation of definitions and instruments highlights the lack of consensus on how to interpret and measure patient empowerment. Although several covariates have been evaluated, there are few studies assess the same relationships.Practice implications: Consensus on a definition and measurement of patient empowerment is needed to improve the quality of future research and to provide a more cohesive body of knowledge.
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| 2. |
- Aldrin, Viktor, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Högskolepedagogik
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nationalencyklopedin. - Malmö : Nationalencyklopedin.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Aldrin, Viktor, 1980
(författare)
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Sjundedags-Adventistsamfundet
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nationalencyklopedin. - Malmö : Nationalencyklopedin.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Berg, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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The meaning and application of student-centered learning in nursing education : An integrative review of the literature
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nurse Education in Practice. - : Elsevier. - 1471-5953 .- 1873-5223. ; 69
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to review empirical articles to explore the meaning and the application of student-centered learning in nursing education. Background: Teachers in higher education are encouraged to adopt student-centered learning principles, but research shows that many still apply teacher-centered methods. There is therefore a need to clarify the meaning of student-centered learning, including how it is performed and the reasons to apply it in nursing education. Design: This study employed an integrative review method, following Whittemore and Knafl's framework. Methods: The databases CINAHL, Education Database and Education Research Complete were searched for related literature published from 2010 to 2020. The initial search located 308 articles. After screening and checking for eligibility, 25 articles were critically appraised. Data were extracted from the articles and displayed in matrices to be categorized and compared. Results: Three themes with attendant sub-themes emerged through the analysis: foundation, using core concepts to define and explain student-centered learning, eligibility, enhancing student knowledge, developing student abilities and supporting student self-reliance and realization, learning in interaction with peers, learning individually and learning in interaction with the teacher. Conclusion: Student-centered learning in nursing education is an approach where the teacher is a facilitator of student learning and students are empowered to take control of their own studies. Students study together in groups; they are listened to by the teacher and their needs are taken into consideration. The main reasons to apply student-centered learning are to enhance students’ theoretical and practical learning; to improve their generic competencies, such as problem-solving and critical-thinking abilities; and to strengthen students’ self-reliance.
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| 5. |
- Hellwig, Coralie, et al.
(författare)
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Aspects that Affect Tasting Studies of Emerging Food : A Review
- 2022
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Ingår i: Future Foods. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-8335. ; 5
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Providing food security to the growing global population, and the resource depletion associated with current food systems, let to calls for more sustainable food sources. Food that can be produced in a sustainable way (taking all three aspects of sustainable development into consideration) is currently emerging in Western societies. Through tastings, insight can be gathered not only into sensory characteristics but also other aspects that aid innovation and development of food. The current study identified aspects that can affect tastings of emerging food by reviewing relevant literature. General aspects; meat alternatives; ingredients or processing technologies; information, prior knowledge and (un)familiarity; taste and liking; emotional factors; and willingness to engage with emerging food can affect tastings of emerging food. Awareness of the effect that these aspects can have on methodological considerations and results can be constructive in future research that use tastings as a platform to develop new and emerging food. The findings are significant for food science in terms of cornerstones towards potential industrial applications. These include innovating new types of food, assessing most effective technologies in the context of such food, developing new products, and understanding engagement with emerging food products.
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| 6. |
- Nilsson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Causes and outcomes in studies of fear of childbirth: A systematic review
- 2018
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Ingår i: Women and Birth. - 1871-5192 .- 1878-1799.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- PROBLEM:Fear of childbirth negatively affects women during pregnancy and after birth.AIM:To summarise the findings of published studies regarding possible causes/predisposing factors and outcomes of fear of childbirth for childbearing women.DESIGN:A systematic review, searching five databases in March 2015 for studies on causes/predisposing factors and outcomes of fear of childbirth, as measured during pregnancy and postpartum. Quality of included studies was assessed independently by pairs of authors. Data were extracted independently by reviewer pairs and described in a narrative analysis.FINDINGS:Cross-sectional, register-based and case-control studies were included (n=21). Causes were grouped into population characteristics, mood-related aspects, and pregnancy and birth-related aspects. Outcomes were defined as mood-related or pregnancy and birth-related aspects. Differing definitions of fear of childbirth were found and meta-analysis could only be performed on parity, in a few studies.CONCLUSIONS:Stress, anxiety, depression and lack of social support are associated with fear during pregnancy. Need for psychiatric care and presence of traumatic stress symptoms are reported outcomes together with prolonged labour, longer labours, use of epidural and obstetric complications. Nulliparous and parous women have similar levels of fear but for different reasons. Since the strongest predictor for fear in parous women is a previous negative birth experience or operative birth, we suggest it is important to distinguish between fear of childbirth and fear after birth. Findings demonstrate the need for creating woman-centred birthing environments where women can feel free and secure with low risk of negative or traumatic birth experiences and consequent fear.
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| 7. |
- Pistone, Isabella, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Teaching and learning about the Holocaust: a systematic scoping review of existing research
- 2023
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Ingår i: Holocaust Studies. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1750-4902 .- 2048-4887. ; , s. 1-21
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This scoping review aims to map and summarize practice-based research that evaluates outcomes in teaching and learning about the Holocaust (TLH). It focuses on providing an overview of the characteristics of existing literature and synthesizing the educational interventions’ effects evaluated in previous studies. Nineteen bibliographical databases were searched for relevant empirical research published from 1945 to 2020 worldwide. After screening and relevance assessment, 117 research publications were identified for inclusion in the review. The included material was analysed by bibliometric analysis, thematic analysis of educational approaches, and narrative synthesis of outcomes. Based on the bibliometric analysis, the findings suggest that practice-based research on TLH’s educational outcomes is a neglected subfield within the academic field of TLH, with a lack of cumulative development across studies. The scoping review also showed a dominance of studies conducted with qualitative study designs. The narrative synthesis of outcomes showed that these studies provide important insights into how interventions within TLH impact students; nonetheless, these studies need to be supplemented with knowledge from quantitative studies. Without such knowledge, we have a knowledge gap that could imply that TLH interventions are implemented arbitrarily, that students do not learn the intended lessons, or that the lessons are not lasting.
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| 8. |
- Samulowitz, Anke, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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"Brave Men" and "Emotional Women": A Theory-Guided Literature Review on Gender Bias in Health Care and Gendered Norms towards Patients with Chronic Pain
- 2018
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Ingår i: Pain Research & Management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1203-6765 .- 1918-1523. ; 2018, s. 1-14
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Despite the large body of research on sex differences in pain, there is a lack of knowledge about the influence of gender in the patient-provider encounter. The purpose of this study was to review literature on gendered norms about men and women with pain and gender bias in the treatment of pain. The second aim was to analyze the results guided by the theoretical concepts of hegemonic masculinity and andronormativity. Methods. A literature search of databases was conducted. A total of 77 articles met the inclusion criteria. The included articles were analyzed qualitatively, with an integrative approach. Results. The included studies demonstrated a variety of gendered norms about men's and women's experience and expression of pain, their identity, lifestyle, and coping style. Gender bias in pain treatment was identified, as part of the patient-provider encounter and the professional's treatment decisions. It was discussed how gendered norms are consolidated by hegemonic masculinity and andronormativity. Conclusions. Awareness about gendered norms is important, both in research and clinical practice, in order to counteract gender bias in health care and to support health-care professionals in providing more equitable care that is more capable to meet the need of all patients, men and women.
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| 9. |
- Svensson, Ola, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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How sexual and natural selection interact and shape the evolution of nests and nesting behaviour in fishes
- 2023
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Ingår i: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. - 0962-8436 .- 1471-2970. ; 378:1884
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Among ray-finned fishes that provide parental care, many spawn in constructed nests, ranging from bowls, burrows and ridges to nests made of algae or bubbles. Because a nest by definition is a construction that enhances the nest-builder's fitness by helping it meet the needs of the developing offspring, nest-building behaviour is naturally selected, as is a preference for spawning with mates that provide well-built nests. However, nest-building behaviour can also be sexually selected, when nest traits increase mating success, protect against sperm competition or nest take-overs by conspecifics. Here, we offer a systematic review, with examples of how competition for sites and location of fish nests relates to sexual selection. We examine direct and indirect benefits of mate choice linked to nest traits, and different types of nests, from a sexual selection perspective. Nest-related behaviours are often under both natural and sexual selection, and we disentangle examples where that is the case, with special attention to females. We highlight some taxa in which nest building is likely to be sexually selected, but lack of research has left them uninvestigated. Some of them are established aquarium species, making them particularly amenable for future research. Finally, we compare with arthropods, amphibians and birds.
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