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- Dobnik, Simon, 1977
(author)
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O prijaznih računalnikih, ki nas razumejo in se od nas učijo : About friendly computers that understand and learn from us
- 2019
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In: Invited talk: KAZU, Koroška akademija znanosti in umetnosti (Carinthian academy of science and art).
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Računalniška lingvistika, jezikovna tehnologija ali procesiranje naravnega jezika je tisti del umetne inteligence, ki se ukvarja z modeliranjem človeškega ali naravnega jezika, tako besed kot govora, z računalniškimi programi s ciljem, da bi ga ti proizvedli ali razumeli na enka način kot pa ljudje. To je pomembno iz dveh razlogov. Velik del našega znanja je zapisan prav v naravnem jeziku, na primer v besedilih, ki jih najdemo na spletu, in iz katerih želimo izluščiti pomen, jih povzeti ali prevesti v drug jezik. Jezik je tudi najbolj naraven način komunikacije med nami, vendar večina ni vešča računalniškega programiranja. Namesto, da se vsak od nas nauči računalniškega programskega jezika, je veliko bolj naravno, da se s pametnim asistentom ali robotom sporazumevamo kar v slovenščini in ga tako tudi “programiramo”. Preden se lotimo dela, je potrebno, da vemo nekaj o samem jeziku. Kako deluje? Kako razumemo pomen besed in stavkov? Kakšna so pravila sporazumevanja med nami? Ljudje in računalniki (tudi najsodobnejši roboti) smo si zelo različni, zato moramo najti načine (algoritme ali sisteme), ki poustvarijo jezikovno vedenje navzven, ki je podobno našemu. V ozadju si pomagamo z matematiko in logiko, programskimi jeziki, teorijo verjetnosti, strojnim učenjem, rudarjenjem podatkov in še čem. Računalniki programi se učijo iz vzorcev informacij, ki jim jih posredujemo, vendar pa pogosto to niso enake informacije – zvoki in podobe, ki jih vidi otrok, ko se uči jezika. Prav tako se računalniki ne učijo jezika v sporazumevanju z drugimi ljudmi več let. Ljudje lahko tudi hitro prilagodimo pomen in izbiro besed glede na različne situacije, vključno s tistimi, ko se sporazumevamo z računalniki. Torej morajo biti računalniški programi enako prilagodljivi do nas in se učiti od nas. Delo z umetno inteligentninimi sistemi pa nam ne prinese le novih dognanj, kako izboljšati jezikovne sposobnosti računalnikov, temveč nam da tudi odgovore o tem, kako posebna je človeška inteligenca.
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- Erixon Arreman, Inger, 1954-, et al.
(author)
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Izobrazevanje uciteljev in raziskovanje : sodobne svedske perspektive v mednarodnem konteksturecent
- 2007
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In: Prispevki k posodobitvi pedagoskih studisjskih programov II. - Ljubljana : Pedagoška fakulteta. - 9789612530198 ; , s. 91-115
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This article deals with the emergence and development of new research structures for Swedish teacher education in the beginning of the new millennium. From 2001 onwards, it has been possible to undertake research and post-graduate studies within teacher education which prior to the 2001 reform was not possible. As a result of the reform a new research discipline, Educational Work, was established in teacher education in various Swedish universities and colleges. Moreover, a national post-graduate school in Educational Work was founded, for which Umeå University, one of the larger Swedish teacher education institutions, was appointed Host University. For the article policy documents relating to teacher education and research into national, regional and local perspectives were used to explore institutional history, structures and research development in teacher education from 1946 to the present time. A micro-level perspective was further offered based on two interview studies involving teacher educators, senior managers, doctoral students and supervisors at Umeå University, including a key national representative of the major Swedish teacher union. The article draws on a variety of frameworks to explore relationships between various parts of teacher education and also more widely in the university. These include relations of power and gender based on the theoretical perspectives of Bourdieu, Foucault, Connell and Sarfatti Larson, among others. The article shows that the emergence of new research areas in teacher education in Sweden was a multilayered process involving a variety of actors at different levels at Umeå University and elsewhere. The aims of the article are to present the new research structures in teacher education in Sweden, and thereby point to the implications of the structural reform, and also to contribute to current cross-national discourses on the need to establish a research base for teacher education.
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- Lundahl, Lisbeth, et al.
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Marketizacija edukacije po švedsko.
- 2016
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In: Komu je napoti kakovostno javno šolstvo?. - Ljubljana : SVIZ in CEPS. - 9789619213155 ; , s. 85-115
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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