| 51. |
- Huovila, Pekka, et al.
(författare)
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National and International Benchmarking - CREDIT Report 5.
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report summarizes findings and recommendations from 24 case studies from seven participating countries addressing performance indicator benchmarking at a sectoral, national or international scale. Their distribution in scope is: – benchmarking systems and indicators (4 case studies) – offices (7 case studies) – housing (6 case studies) – school and nursery (4 case studies) – shopping centres (3 case studies). In addition, actual performance benchmarking was done between six Finnish and Norwegian office buildings using CREDIT Key Performance Indicators and a web-based benchmarking tool, developed in CREDIT for that purpose. Some good benchmarking practices exist already at a national and international level. They focus on process issues, investment aspects and environmental properties. These existing schemes contribute to the CREDIT framework, but don't cover well the performance dimension. There isn't yet any commonly agreed European Key Performance Indicator system, or building and real estate performance indicator standard. CREDIT made a contribution to their development from the Nordic/Baltic perspective. It also provided valuable input from the performance and social sustainability point of view to existing economic and environmental oriented schemes that are continuously updated and amended. CREDIT made progress in performance indicator framework and actual performance indicators and tools, some of which were already tested in the case studies. Understanding on existing benchmarking schemes is also improved. The results of CREDIT WP6 performance indicator benchmarking at a sectoral, national or international scale can be exploited in number of ways, such as – the front runner companies adopt the core performance indicators in their practices and influence in forming their use a sector based practice – further development of standardization, tool development (IFCs), benchmarking schemes and rating systems makes use of the results.
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| 52. |
- Höglund, Linda, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Energy level scheme of InAs/InxGa1-xAs/GaAs quantum-dots-in-a-well infrared photodetector structures
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - Woodbury, NY : American Physical Society. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 82:3, s. 035314-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A thorough investigation of quantum-dots-in-a-well structures for infrared photodetector applications has been performed employing different experimental techniques. The electronic structure of self-assembled InAs quantum dots embedded in an In0.15Ga0.85As/GaAs quantum well (QW) was deduced from photoluminescence (PL) and PL excitation (PLE) spectroscopy. From polarization-dependent PL it was revealed that the quantum dots hold two electron energy levels and two heavy-hole levels. Tunnel capacitance spectroscopy confirmed an electron energy level separation of about 50 meV, and additionally, that the conduction-band ground state and excited state of the dots are twofold and fourfold degenerates, respectively. Intersubband photocurrent spectroscopy, combined with simultaneous interband pumping of the dots, revealed a dominant transition at 150 meV (8.5 mu m) between the ground state of the quantum dots and the excited state of the QW. Results from detailed full three-dimensional calculations of the electronic structure, including effects of composition intermixing and interdot interactions, confirm the experimentally unravelled energy level scheme of the dots and well.
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| 53. |
- Isaksson, Anna
(författare)
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Att utmana förändringens gränser : En studie om förändringsarbete, partnerskap och kön med Equal-programmet som exempel
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this thesis the overall aim is to analyse conceptions of change with the point of departure being texts developed within the framework of three development partnerships financed by the European Social Fund's Equal Programme 2001-2007. The development partnerships, consisting of collaborating parties from both the public and private sector, aimed at developing new methods and ideas in order to counteract discrimination and all kinds of inequality in working life. The thesis poses the following research questions: How are the problems that the development partnerships intended to counteract described? What appears as important to change in order for discrimination in working life to decrease? In what ways are changes aimed at combating discrimination and contributing to increased gender equality and diversity in working life deemed possible? What motives emerge behind the visions of creating a working life without discrimination? How are gender and other social categories constructed and how do these constructions impact on the conceptions of change that emerge? The ideas, perspectives and interests that characterise the understanding of changes in working life in the studied texts, are illustrated with the aid of theories on how society's forms of rule have changed from government to governance and theories on how gender is done. Furthermore, why certain perspectives and ideas emerge and the consequences of them is analysed based on institutional ethnography and concepts such as social relations and ruling relations. The thesis' analysis points to how the consensus-based organisational form of partnership and the politics and principles that are reflected in the Equal Programme together with notions on growth, leadership and gender create limits for the conceptions of change. Limits that in certain respects entail that society's relations of power and inequality, instead of being challenged, are reproduced. Based on the results of the study, the importance is emphasised of continuously taking one's point of departure in identifying and challenging the limits to how one can speak of change, since the dominant conceptions of change may be an expression of the ruling relations.
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| 54. |
- Jochems, Caroline, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of oestradiol and raloxifene on the induction and effector phases of experimental postmenopausal arthritis and secondary osteoporosis
- 2011
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Immunology. - Chichester : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0009-9104 .- 1365-2249. ; 165:1, s. 121-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oestradiol and the selective oestrogen receptor modulator (SERM) raloxifene have been shown to ameliorate collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats and in mice. One aim was to investigate if raloxifene exerts its anti-arthritic and anti-osteoporotic effects during the induction or effector phase of arthritis. A second aim was to analyse if raloxifene activates the oestrogen response element (ERE) to produce its immune-modulator effects. CIA or collagen-antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) was induced in ovariectomized DBA/1-mice. CIA was used for evaluation of treatment during the induction, and CAIA for the effector phase of arthritis and osteoporosis development. Raloxifene, oestradiol or vehicle was administered 5 days/week. The clinical disease was evaluated continuously. Bone marrow density (BMD) was analysed with peripheral quantitative computer tomography, paws were collected for histological examination, and sera were analysed for markers of bone and cartilage turnover and proinflammatory cytokines. Transgenic luciferase (Luc)-ERE mice were immunized with collagen (CII), and after 10 days injected once with raloxifene, oestradiol or vehicle before termination. Spleens were analysed for luciferase activity to measure ERE activation. Treatment with oestradiol or raloxifene during the induction phase of CIA failed to affect arthritis. Raloxifene did not hamper disease activity in CAIA, whereas oestradiol delayed the onset and ameliorated the severity. Both raloxifene and oestradiol preserved BMD in CAIA. CII-immunization increased the oestradiol-induced ERE activation in spleen, and raloxifene activated the ERE at about 25% the intensity of oestradiol. Further experiments are needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms behind this finding.
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| 55. |
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| 56. |
- Johansson, Roger, et al.
(författare)
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Looking at the keyboard or the monitor : relationship with text production processes
- 2010
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Ingår i: Reading and writing. - : Springer Netherlands. - 0922-4777 .- 1573-0905. ; 23:7, s. 835-851
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we explored text production differences in an expository text production task between writers who looked mainly at the keyboard and writers who looked mainly at the monitor. Eye-tracking technology and keystroke-logging were combined to systematically describe and define these two groups in respect of the complex interplay between text production and the reading of one's own emerging text. Findings showed that monitor gazers typed significantly faster and were more productive writers. They also read their own text more, and they frequently read in parallel with writing. Analysis of fixation durations suggests that more cognitive processing is in use during reading in parallel with writing than during reading in pauses. Keyboard gazers used the left and right cursor keys significantly more. We suggest that this is because they revised their texts in a much more serial mode than monitor gazers. Finally, analysis of the characteristics of the final texts showed no differences between the groups.
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| 57. |
- Josefsson, Torbjörn, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported mindfulness mediates the relation between meditation experience and psychological well-being
- 2011
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Ingår i: Mindfulness. - New York, United states : Springer-Verlag New York. - 1868-8527 .- 1868-8535. ; 2:1, s. 49-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A well established notion in Buddhist literature is that meditation practice improves the ability to be mindful in daily life which in turn promotes psychological well-being. In order to test this hypothesis the relations between meditation experience, five mindfulness facets and psychological well-being were studied in a sample consisting of Buddhist meditators, Western mindfulness meditators and non-meditators. The meditators scored higher than non-meditators on all mindfulness facets except Describe, but when age and gender were controlled for there were significant differences only on Non-React and Observe. Multiple and simple mediation were tested in a path model framework. Length of meditation experience was related to Non-React and Observe, and there was a similar trend also for Non-Judge, suggesting that these mindfulness facets are the ones most strongly associated with mindfulness meditation practice. The multiple mediation analysis showed an indirect effect of meditation experience on psychological wellbeing via the five mindfulness facets. Simple mediation analyses indicated that Non-React was the primary mediator. These results support the notion that length of meditation experience is related to higher levels of mindfulness, which in turn is associated with improved well-being.
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| 58. |
- Karlsson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Continuous and stepwise oocyte production in Libellulidae (Anisoptera)
- 2010
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Ingår i: Odonatologica. - Utrecht, Netherlands : Societas Internationalis Odonatologica. - 0375-0183. ; 39:2, s. 107-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Compared to other insect groups, libellulids have a rather high mean number of ovarioles. In addition, the mean ovariole diameter differs greatly between and within species. In general, 2 different types of ovariole arrangement exist: (1) all developing oocytes mature and equal in size; in some species without, and in others with, surrounding connective tissue and (2) oocytes displaying gradual maturation, with only the outermost ovarioles mature. These differences have ecological consequences: the first arrangement occurs in spp. that have stepwise egg production. These spp. will lay one or more clutches, after which an interclutch interval of ovariole regrowth follows. Spp. with the second arrangement have continuous egg production and are able to lay at least some eggs all the time, reducing the length of interclutch intervals. However, no direct connection between mate-guarding strategies and ovariole arrangements can be seen. Nevertheless, it is believed that the process of ovariole maturation differs between these groups. It is concluded that ovary morphology in libellulids may exhibit evolutionary fixed traits, although the whole picture still remains complex. The ovariole arrangement may have a crucial impact on the reproductive ecology of the species.
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| 59. |
- Karlsson, Staffan, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Professional’s and older person’s assessments of functional ability, health complaints and received care and service : A descriptive study
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - Oford : Elsevier. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 47:10, s. 1217-1227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the level of agreement between the needs assessment made by professional on the one hand, and the older person's views on the other. A further aim was to explore if the estimations made by the professional were systematically lower or higher compared to the views of the older person.Participants: The study included 152 individuals, 65+, who received public care and services in southern Sweden. The concept public care and services include home help, home nursing care, rehabilitation and special accommodation.Methods: Standardised needs assessments were performed by home help officers, registered nurses and one physiotherapist. Subsequently to the needs assessment, the older person's view was collected in a personal interview. Standardised assessment form was used covering items about demographic data, functional ability, health complaints, adaptation in housing, public and informal care. The concept informal care includes care from spouse and children. Cohen's Kappa was used for analysis of level ofagreement. and Chi-square tests for differences in estimation.Results: Level of agreement for dependency in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and personal activities of daily living (PADL) varied between good (kappa = 0.78) and moderate (kappa = 0.43). Poor agreement was found for occurrence of dizziness (kappa(w) = 0.17) and fair agreement for impaired hearing (kappa(w) = 0.27), urinary incontinence (kappa(w) = 0.38), pain (kappa(w) = 0.21), anxiety (kappa(w) = 0.37) and depressed mood (kappa(w) = 0.37). Older persons reported more health complaints than in the professional's assessments, significantly lower estimation was found for incontinence and vision. Level of agreement for provided public care at home (home help and home nursing care) was poor, for informal care it varied between very good and moderate.Conclusions: Needs assessments appeared to focus on older persons ADL, cognition anti informal care, while health complaints and social needs were less in focus. A more comprehensive view including preventive and palliative approach may improve quality of life for older persons receiving care and service. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 60. |
- Kristofferzon, Marja-Leena, 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a Swedish version of the Watts Sexual Function Questionnaire (WSFQ) in persons with heart disease: A pilot study
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 9:3, s. 168-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: As part of preparation for a Swedish multicentre study, exploring sexual and married life in patients with myocardial infarction and their partners, a Swedish validated instrument was required. Aims:The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of a Swedish version of the Watts Sexual Function Questionnaire (WSFQ) among persons with a heart disease.Methods:A convenience sample of 79 persons (47 men and 32 women) living with a heart disease was recruited from the members of the National Association of Heart and Lung Patients. They completed a Swedish version of the WSFQ on two occasions. Results:Two separate factor analyses each revealed a two-factor structure on both occasions: “Sexual appetite” and “Sexual expectations ”with gender-neutral questions and “Sexual sensitiveness” and “Sexual ability” with gender-specific questions. Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.48 to 0.86 and test – retest values for all but one question exceeded 0.70.Conclusions:The Swedish version of the WSFQ showed good validity and stability and acceptable internal homogeneity. Extended evaluations of the questionnaire are recommended.
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