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- Alem, Yonas, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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The Persistence of Subjective Poverty in Urban Ethiopia
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Using panel data spanning 15 years, this paper investigates the persistence and correlates of subjective and consumption poverty in urban Ethiopia. Despite the decline in consumption poverty in recent years, which has been linked to rapid economic growth, subjective poverty has remained largely unchanged. Dynamic probit regression results show that households with a history of past poverty continue to perceive themselves as poor even if their material consumption improves. Our results also suggest that the relative economic position of households is a strong determinant of subjective poverty, and having at least some type of employment reduces the likelihood that households will perceive themselves as poor, even if they remain in objective poverty. Receiving remittances from abroad, on the other hand, does not reduce perceived poverty, even if it raises material consumption. We argue that any analysis to measure the impact of growth on welfare should encompass subjective measures as well.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Camilla, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Impacts of the Productive Safety Net Program in Ethiopia on livestock and tree holdings of rural households
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Development Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0304-3878 .- 1872-6089. ; 94:1, s. 119-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluated the impacts of the Ethiopian Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) on rural households' holdings of livestock and forest assets/trees. We found no indication that participation in PSNP induces households to disinvest in livestock or trees. In fact, households that participated in the program increased the number of trees planted, but there was no increase in their livestock holdings. We found no strong evidence that the PSNP protects livestock in times of shock. Shocks appear to lead households to disinvest in livestock, but not in trees. Our results suggest that there is increased forestry activity as a result of PSNP, and that improved credit access encourages households to increase their livestock holdings.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Morgan, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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New Swedish forensic psychiatric facilities: visions and outcomes.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Facilities. - : Emerald. - 0263-2772 .- 1758-7131. ; 31:1/2, s. 24-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to map significant features of the physical design of nine recently planned facilities for forensic psychiatric care in Sweden. The present paper is focused on differences in the physical design, static security adaptations, visions and goals for the projects, economy and steering processes. Design/methodology/approach – In June 2008, records concerning major forensic psychiatric construction projects, planned or carried out between 1970 and 2008, were requested from all 21 regions in Sweden. The documents were collected, organized, critically examined, and analyzed in their contexts. Extensive data have also been retrieved from the internet. Findings – In spite of the common national legislation governing forensic psychiatric care, the projects show great diversity in the physical design and, after 2006, increasing emphasis on static security. The collected material indicates different visions and goals and little coordination between them. It also suggests that the decisions rarely have been preceded by scientific studies or, as it appears, systematic needs assessments. There were also considerable variations in the interpretation of the legislation stipulating public access to official documentation and the time-frame allowed for such requests. Research limitations/implications – Limitations of the project especially relate to the incompleteness of the documents received. Originality/value – This mainly descriptive paper provides an overview of contemporary Swedish forensic psychiatric construction projects, planned for or realized after 2000. This paper points out structural and physical differences between these projects. The systematised documents are made available for research purposes within different disciplines.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Ulrika, 1977
(författare)
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Från fullformat till tabloid: formatets betydelse för nyhetsjournalistiken
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Spelar en tidnings format egentligen någon roll för hur dess nyhetsinnehåll ser ut? Med utgångspunkt i det tidiga 2000-talets stora formatövergång har analysen fokuserat på huruvida tabloidformatet i sig kräver en annan form av nyhetsjournalistik i jämförelse med det större fullformatet. Genom att utgå från tre av tabloidiseringsbegreppets dimensioner – form, bredd och perspektiv – har studien granskat huruvida det har skett en tabloidisering av nyhetsjournalistiken som en direkt konsekvens av bytet från fullformat till tabloid. Analysen har baserats på innehållsliga förändringar i fem tidningar som under perioden 2001-2007 har bytt från fullformat till tabloidformat. De år som varit aktuella för innehållsanalysen är 1990, 2000 samt 2010. För att kunna särskilja vilka förändringar som är att karakterisera som formatberoende respektive vilka förändringar som kan sägas vara branschgemensamma har studien även omfattat en morgontidning och en kvällstidning som inte har bytt format under den aktuella perioden. Det material som har analyserats utgår från det mer renodlade nyhetsinnehåll som presenteras under vinjetter såsom lokala nyheter, inrikesnyheter samt utrikesnyheter. En central slutsats är att det definitivt har skett en viss grad av tabloidisering av de undersökta tidningarna: 1) att antalet nyhetsartiklar i sig såväl som det totala utrymme som ägnas åt traditionell nyhetsrapportering har minskat i tidningarna; 2) det skrivna ordet har blivit utsatt för betydligt större konkurrens i takt med att antalet illustrationer har blivit både fler och större; 3) det har skett en reell minskning av mängden nyheter som fokuserar på politik och samhällsplanering, men denna förändring har dock inte lett till en motsvarande ökning av andelen nyheter med fokus på underhållning och livsstil - däremot syns en tydlig ökning av andelen nyheter om olyckor och brott, en rapportering som i allt högre utsträckning innehåller mer sensationsbetonade inslag; 4) det har skett en gradvis ökning av andelen nyhetsartiklar som tar sin utgångspunkt i den privata sfären. Givet de kriterier som vanligen brukar anges som kännetecken för en tabloidiseringsprocess har de studerade tidningarna till viss del således förändrats i en mer tabloidiserad riktning sett till deras nyhetsinnehåll. De flesta av dessa förändringar har emellertid ingen direkt koppling till själva formatövergången. Tvärtom tycks de snarare vara kopplade till generella förändringar i branschen som helhet. De tabloidiseringstendenser som varit skönjbara i studien bör därför snarast ses som konsekvenser av den generella branschvisdomen än som en konsekvens av formatbytet som sådant. Rent konkret innebär det att dessa innehållsliga och layoutmässiga förändringar i första hand styrs av de ideal och normer som råden inom branschen i form av ett slags kulturell visdom som inte alltid är synbar, men som mer eller mindre omedvetet sätter gränserna för vad som är görbart på de enskilda tidningarna.
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| 6. |
- Andric, Jelena, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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A study of a flexible fiber model and its behavior in DNS of turbulent channel flow
- 2013
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Ingår i: Acta Mechanica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0001-5970 .- 1619-6937. ; 224:10, s. 2359-2374
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dynamics of individual flexible fibers in a turbulent flow field have been analyzed, varying their initial position, density and length. A particlelevel fiber model has been integrated into a general-purpose, open source Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code. The fibers are modeled as chains of cylindrical segments connected by ball and socket joints. The equations of motion of the fibers contain the inertia of the segments, the contributions from hydrodynamic forces and torques, and the connectivity forces at the joints. Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations is used to describe the fluid flow in a plane channel and a one-way coupling is considered between the fibers and the fluid phase. We investigate the translational motion of fibers by considering the mean square displacement of their trajectories. We find that the fiber motion is primarily governed by velocity correlations of the flow fluctuations. In addition, we show that there is a clear tendency of the thread-like fibers to evolve into complex geometrical configurations in a turbulent flow field, in fashion similar to random conformations of polymer strands subjected to thermal fluctuations in a suspension. Finally, we show that fiber inertia has a significant impact on reorientation time-scales of fibers suspended in a turbulent flow field.
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| 7. |
- Archer, Trevor, et al.
(författare)
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Physical exercise ameliorates deficits induced by traumatic brain injury
- 2012
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 125:5, s. 293-302
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The extent and depth of traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major determining factor together with the type of structural insult and its location, whether mild, moderate or severe, as well as the distribution and magnitude of inflammation and loss of cerebrovascular integrity, and the eventual efficacy of intervention. The influence of exercise intervention in TBI is multiple, ranging from anti-apoptotic effects to the augmentation of neuroplasticity. Physical exercise diminishes cerebral inflammation by elevating factors and agents involved in immunomodulatory function, and buttresses glial cell, cerebrovascular, and blood-brain barrier intactness. It provides unique non-pharmacologic intervention that incorporate different physical activity regimes, whether dynamic or static, endurance or resistance. Physical training regimes ought necessarily to be adapted to the specific demands of diagnosis, type and degree of injury and prognosis for individuals who have suffered TBI. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
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