| 1. |
- Dehghanpour Farashah, Ali, 1979-, et al.
(author)
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The impact of workplace diversity climate on the career satisfaction of skilled migrant employees
- 2024
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In: European Management Review. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1740-4754 .- 1740-4762.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Skilled migrant workers often experience downward career mobility post-migration. We investigate how diversity climate as an organizational response to support migrants affects the career satisfaction of migrant employees. Survey data from 179 skilled migrants working in Sweden reveal that perceived diversity climate impacts career satisfaction through a dual-path model. It negatively affects perceived overqualification, which correlates with lower career satisfaction, while positively relating to perceived organizational justice, which correlates with higher career satisfaction. These effects are contingent on individual factors. Lower career adaptability amplifies the negative impact of perceived overqualification, and higher career adaptability strengthens the positive influence of perceived organizational justice. The findings highlight the boundary conditions of workplace diversity climate–career outcome relationships and underscore the interaction of organizational and individual factors and, in particular, the agency and proactivity of skilled migrants through career adaptability.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Camilla, 1986-, et al.
(author)
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Ideals, governance and competencies : The complexity of implementing digitalisation in disability organisations
- 2024
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In: British Journal of Learning Disabilities. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1354-4187 .- 1468-3156. ; 52:1, s. 76-86
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Living in the digital era, young adults with intellectual disabilities use diverse digital products, the Internet, and social media in their daily lives. However, they may need support in digital undertakings as in other aspects of life. In a disability service context, staff are primary support providers but are restricted and guided by organisational goals and strategies. Previous research has shown that staff have dual roles as support providers and executors of organisational ambitions. This study analyses the motivations and prerequisites, as well as the obstacles to the implementation of digitalisation at a strategic level of disability services.Method: Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with public officials and municipal politicians responsible for providing disability services. A thematic analysis was performed using a constructionist perspective.Findings: Three themes were identified: Intertwined ideals of digital infrastructures in disability contexts, culture of vertical governance, and developing competencies. These themes can be seen as pillars of the digitalisation of digital services at the organisation's strategic level. In addition to shedding light on specific issues, these themes reveal underlying issues relating to conceptions of support practices and organisational culture.Conclusion: Digitalisation is motivated by a desire to preserve the organisation's legitimacy and be a relevant service provider. Digital infrastructure is required for digitalisation but is lacking because of intertwined legal and moral issues. Digitalisation also appears to be hindered by organisational structures and organisational culture, whose impact greatly outweighs that of digital issues.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Eriksson, Camilla, 1986-, et al.
(author)
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Digitalization of welfare organizations for persons with intellectual disabilities : between democratic ideals, legitimacy and institutional logics
- 2023
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In: Disability & Society. - : Routledge. - 0968-7599 .- 1360-0508.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Information and communication technology (ICT) and digital media are less accessible for persons with intellectual disability (ID) but are important for citizenship. The aim was to conceptualize officials understanding of ICT usage among people with ID, and to analyze the possible influence of this understanding on the provision of services for people with ID. A qualitative study was conducted, using semi-structured interviews with municipal officials and politicians in the disability service area. Thematic analyses were conducted. ICT use is understood as an arena for democratization. Findings also illustrate the tension between integrity and protection as well as between legal and moral aspects of digital transformation in service provision. This understanding of digitalization is permeated by an individualized approach but conditioned by organizational issues. Disability services can be understood as undergoing digital transformation where regulative and normative elements in this area need to be harmonized to facilitate digitalization successfully. Points of interest This study examines politicians’ and officials’ perceptions of the digitalization of intellectual disability services. This is important as it influences the possibility for persons with ID to be online. Digitalization is understood to enable democratization in terms of participation in decision-making, and social activities, and to ‘be a part of society’ but the support and structure to be online are under construction. The article suggests that the process of digitalization is also about the responsibility of its provision and use, laws, and of morals, and integrity.
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| 5. |
- Khodadad, Davood, 1985-, et al.
(author)
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Temperature Sensing in Space and Transparent Media : Advancements in Off-Axis Digital Holography and the Temperature Coefficient of Refractive Index
- 2023
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In: Applied Sciences. - : MDPI. - 2076-3417. ; 13:14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An off-axis digital holographic interferometry technique integrated with a Mach–Zehnder interferometer based setup is demonstrated for measuring the temperature and temperature profile of a transparent medium. This technique offers several advantages: it does not require precise optomechanical adjustments or accurate definition of the frequency carrier mask, making it simple and cost-effective. Additionally, high-quality optics are not necessary. The methodology relies on measuring the phase difference between two digitally reconstructed complex wave fields and utilizing the temperature coefficient of the refractive index. In this way, we presented an equation of the temperature as a function of phase changes and the temperature coefficient of refractive index. This approach simplifies the calculation process and avoids the burden of complicated mathematical inversions, such as the inverse Abel transformation. It also eliminates the need for additional work with the Lorentz–Lorentz equation and Gladstone–Dale relation and can be extend for 3D measurements.
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| 6. |
- Moradi, Mahmoud, et al.
(author)
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Mathematical modelling of fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing of poly vinyl alcohol parts through statistical design of experiments approach
- 2023
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In: Mathematics. - : MDPI. - 2227-7390. ; 11:13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper explores the 3D printing of poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) using the fused deposition modeling (FDM) process by conducting statistical modeling and optimization. This study focuses on varying the infill percentage (10–50%) and patterns (Cubic, Gyroid, tri-hexagon and triangle, Grid) as input parameters for the response surface methodology (DOE) while measuring modulus, elongation at break, and weight as experimental responses. To determine the optimal parameters, a regression equation analysis was conducted to identify the most significant parameters. The results indicate that both input parameters significantly impact the output responses. The Design Expert software was utilized to create surface and residual plots, and the interaction between the two input parameters shows that increasing the infill percentage (IP) leads to printing heavier samples, while the patterns do not affect the weight of the parts due to close printing structures. On the contrary, the discrepancy between the predicted and actual responses for the optimal samples is below 15%. This level of error is deemed acceptable for the DOE experiments.
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| 7. |
- Nordin Forsberg, Britta, 1964-, et al.
(author)
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VR for HR – a case study of human resource development professionals using virtual reality for social skills training in the workplace
- 2023
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In: Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2023. INTERACT 2023. - : Springer. - 9783031422928 - 9783031422935 ; , s. 231-251, s. 231-251
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Human Resource (HR) area has made little use of innovative technologies to develop its processes, routines and education. However, we believe that digital tools such as Virtual Reality (VR) can play an important role in developing social aspects of work. We have investigated Human Resource Development Professionals’ (HRD-Ps’) perception of using a VR-prototype for training of social skills in the workplace. A digital three-dimensional world was designed for the study participants, in which they interacted with agents to train social skills in the workplace. Study participants explored a VR-prototype through the usage of head-mounted devices (HMD). We collected the designer’s description of the intended design element of the VR prototype and pre- and post-intervention questionnaire from the study participants and conducted a top-down thematic analysis. The three intended design elements 1) focus on the training experience, 2) learning-depth through emotional response for engagement and motivation, and 3) perspective-taking enabled by game design, were confirmed and reflected upon by the HRD-Ps’. Additionally, using VR for social skills training in the workplace was recognized as innovative, and could have the capacity to position an organization as being in the forefront of digitalization. The conclusion is that VR has a potential to create engagement and provide insights in HR matters, but further studies are needed to show the full power and potential in using VR for HR matters.
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| 8. |
- Roczniewska, Marta, et al.
(author)
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Simple roads to failure, complex paths to success : an evaluation of conditions explaining perceived fit of an organizational occupational health intervention
- 2023
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In: Applied Psychology. - 0269-994X .- 1464-0597.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Organizational occupational health interventions (OOHIs) that are perceived by employees as relevant for their workplace are more likely to be implemented successfully, yet little is known about the conditions that produce such perceptions. This study identifies the conditions that create a perception among employees that an intervention fits their organization as well as the conditions that result in low levels of perceived fit. We used two-wave data from 40 Danish preschools that underwent a quasi-experimental OOHI. Perceived fit was assessed through employee ratings at follow-up, while survey responses from implementation team members at five time points were used to assess four context and 14 process factors. The results of a coincidence analysis showed that high levels of perceived fit were achieved through two paths. Each path consisted of a lack of co-occurring changes together with either very high levels of managerial support (path_1) or a combination of implementation team role clarity, staff involvement, and team learning (path_2). In contrast, low levels of perceived fit were brought about by single factors: limited leader support, low degree of role clarity, or concurrent organizational changes. The findings reveal the complexity involved in implementing OOHIs and offer insights into reasons they may fail.
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| 9. |
- Tafvelin, Susanne, 1975-, et al.
(author)
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Can booster activities improve the effectiveness of leadership training? : Comparing coaching to e-mails using a mixed methods design
- 2023
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. - : Stockholm University Press. - 2002-2867. ; 8:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- With the widespread use of new information technology, calls have been made for leadership training research to examine if the effects of leadership training can be boosted over time by sending text messages or e-mails, in order to reinforce the lessons learned in training interventions. Based on media synchronicity theory (MST), the purpose of the current study was to contrast the usefulness of two booster activities: traditional telephone coaching, and exercises sent by e-mail. Managers were randomly assigned to one of the two booster conditions. We then used a mixed methods design including both quantitative and qualitative data to evaluate the boosters. We obtained the quantitative data from 20 managers and their 323 employees at four time points: before, during, and after the training. We also used focus group interviews to evaluate managers’ experience of both booster activities. The quantitative analyses indicated statistically significant differences between the two groups after the second session, where managers in the e-mail group scored higher on readiness for change and perceived applicability of the training. The latent growth curve analyses indicated a statistically significant increase in employees’ perception of managers’ autonomy support. The qualitative data suggest that the e-mail booster was considered informative and flexible but also time consuming, while the telephone coaching was perceived as flexible but somewhat unstructured. Our findings suggest that an e-mail booster could be a cost-effective alternative to reinforce lessons learned in leadership training.
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| 10. |
- Aye, Tin Nwe, 1989-, et al.
(author)
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Prediction of tree sapwood and heartwood profiles using pipe model and branch thinning theory
- 2022
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In: Tree Physiology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0829-318X .- 1758-4469. ; 42:11, s. 2174-2185
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Estimates of tree heartwood and sapwood profiles are important in the pulp industry and for dynamic vegetation models, in which they determine tree biomechanical stability and hydraulic conductivity. Several phenomenological models of stem profiles have been developed for this purpose, based on assumptions on how tree crown and foliage distributions change over time. Here, we derive estimates of tree profiles by synthesizing a simple pipe model theory of plant form with a recently developed theory of branch thinning that from simple assumptions quantifies discarded branches and leaves. This allows us to develop a new trunk model of tree profiles from breast height up to the top of the tree. We postulate that leaves that are currently on the tree are connected by sapwood pipes, while pipes that previously connected discarded leaves or branches form the heartwood. By assuming that a fixed fraction of all pipes remain on the trunk after a branching event, as the trunk is traversed from the root system to the tips, this allows us to quantify trunk heartwood and sapwood profiles. We test the trunk model performance on empirical data from five tree species across three continents. We find that the trunk model accurately describes heartwood and sapwood profiles of all tested tree species (calibration; R2: 84-99%). Furthermore, once calibrated to a tree species, the trunk model predicts heartwood and sapwood profiles of conspecific trees in similar growing environments based only on the age and height of a tree (cross-validation/prediction; R2: 68-98%). The fewer and often contrasting parameters needed for the trunk model make it a potentially useful complementary tool for biologists and foresters.
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