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Sökning: WAKA:ref > Lissner Lauren 1956

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261.
  • Lissner, Lauren, 1956, et al. (författare)
  • Social mapping of the obesity epidemic in Sweden
  • 2000
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders. ; 24, s. 801-805
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Department of Internal Medicine, Göteborg University, Sweden. lauren.lissner@medfak.gu.se OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to describe the evolution of the obesity epidemic in Sweden, with specific attention to the socioeconomic gradient. DESIGN: Data from the Swedish Surveys of Living Conditions were used. Three such surveys were undertaken in 1980/81, 1988/89, and 1996/97, each of which was based on a simple random sample from the national population registry. SUBJECTS: A total of 38,284 observations are used in this analysis, including males and females aged 16-84. The sample is approximately equally divided among the 3 survey periods and by gender. MEASUREMENTS: The following body weight categories are used to describe changing prevalences: overweight (BMI>/=25), obesity (BMI>/=30) and underweight (BMI<18.5). Because body weight and heights were self-reported, recorded values were adjusted for estimating gender-specific obesity prevalences. Education was used as a proxy for socioeconomic status. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of BMI>/=30 increased significantly over the 16-year observation period. At the time of the 1980/81 survey, the adjusted estimates were 8.8% in women and 6.6% in men, compared to 11.9% and 10.0% respectively, in 1996/97. The prevalence of BMI>/=25 was also analyzed for time trends, with specific attention to populations at risk. The largest proportionate changes occurred in women aged 16-44, among whom the prevalence of overweight doubled. The inverse educational gradient with respect to obesity is still present in both sexes, but there is no indication that it has increased in magnitude between 1980/81-1996/97. PMID: 10878690 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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262.
  • Lissner, Lauren, 1956, et al. (författare)
  • Socioeconomic inequalities in childhood overweight : heterogeneity across five countries in the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI-2008)
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 40:5, s. 796-802
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Excess risk of childhood overweight and obesity occurring in socioeconomically disadvantaged families has been demonstrated in numerous studies from high-income regions, including Europe. It is well known that socioeconomic characteristics such as parental education, income and occupation are etiologically relevant to childhood obesity. However, in the pan-European setting, there is reason to believe that inequalities in childhood weight status may vary among countries as a function of differing degrees of socioeconomic development and equity.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, we have examined socioeconomic differences in childhood obesity in different parts of the European region using nationally representative data from Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Lithuania, Portugal and Sweden that were collected in 2008 during the first round of the World Health Organization ( WHO) European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative.RESULTS: Heterogeneity in the association between parental socioeconomic indicators and childhood overweight or obesity was clearly observed across the five countries studied. Positive as well as negative associations were observed between parental socioeconomic indicators and childhood overweight, with statistically significant interactions between country and parental indicators.CONCLUSIONS: These findings have public health implications for the WHO European Region and underscore the necessity to continue documenting socioeconomic inequalities in obesity in all countries through international surveillance efforts in countries with diverse geographic, social and economic environments. This is a prerequisite for universal as well as targeted preventive actions.
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263.
  • Lissner, Lauren, 1956, et al. (författare)
  • Statement by Members of the Task Force on Prevention and Public Health of the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO)
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Obesity Facts. - 1662-4025. ; 2:1, s. 54-55
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This document is signed by all members of the task force, who will contribute knowledge on the problem of obesity in the various regions of Europe. It is apparent from the wide range of available prevalence estimates that the magnitude of the obesity epidemic varies across Europe. However certain similarities are present, including consistent but varying increases in prevalence in all countries from the end of the 20th century to the present, together with clear inverse socioeconomic gradients. The lack of harmonized surveillance efforts across Europe makes international monitoring and comparative assessments imprecise at best. A particularly worrisome aspect of this epidemic is the recently observed increase in the proportion of European children with overweight and obesity. The Task Force is in agreement that the epidemic reflects changing lifestyles and environments and that prevention can only be achieved by identifying and arresting these trends, a statement that has been repeated by many groups advocating obesity prevention over the years. For instance, in 1999 the Milan Declaration was made on behalf of all members of the EASO, resolving to support the development of coherent national and Europe-wide strategies for the prevention and management of overweight and obesity. Since then, there have been recent steps to develop a public health strategy for obesity prevention across Europe, including most notably the 2006 European Ministerial Conference on Counteracting Obesity in the European Region. At that time, all member states of WHO Europe met in Istanbul and explicitly agreed on an ecological approach to fighting the obesity epidemic, with a charter recognizing that counteracting obesity requires a multidisciplinary effort with a timeline for improvements (www.euro.who.int/ document/E89567.pdf). In this context, the vision of our Task Force is to provide guidance and leadership to researchers, governments, and agencies that are trying to fulfill the charter developed in Istanbul and other recent initiatives. Specifically, we will support and strengthen research and interventions to improve prevention of obesity across Europe, within the framework of the EASO.
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264.
  • Lissner, Lauren, 1956, et al. (författare)
  • Swedish obese subjects (SOS): an obesity intervention study with a nutritional perspective
  • 1998
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. ; 52, s. 316-322
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. OBJECTIVES: Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) is a multidisciplinary project involving aspects of obesity ranging from description of the severely obese state to effects of surgical intervention on long-term mortality and morbidity. Dietary studies, which represent an integral part of SOS research activities, are the focus of this review. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Due to the large number of obese subjects included in the SOS data bases ( > 5000), an early priority of the project was to develop a dietary assessment method which: (i) described usual intake patterns; (ii) could be self-administered by subjects and rapidly processed; and (iii) was equally valid in obese and non-obese individuals. RESULTS: The SOS method has met these requirements and is now being completed by all subjects at baseline and during the intervention, and by a non-obese reference population. A number of dietary features distinguishing obese subjects have emerged, including: elevated intakes of energy and energy-percent fat; low consumption of alcohol, fruits and vegetables; high dietary disinhibition; frequent consumption of light meals and snacks; and night eating. In the surgical intervention group, a relatively high consumption of sweet foods was associated with better weight loss and maintenance. CONCLUSIONS: The SOS method appears to be less susceptible to obesity-related under-reporting than traditional dietary methods, and if the distribution of foods and nutrients can be assumed to be as unbiased as the energy intakes, this method should make it possible to capture associations between diet and obesity-related diseases in the future. PMID: 9630380 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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265.
  • Lissner, Lauren, 1956, et al. (författare)
  • Television habits in relation to overweight, diet and taste preferences in European children: the IDEFICS study
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 27:9, s. 705-715
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Early television exposure has been associated with various health outcomes including childhood obesity. This paper describes associations between patterns of television viewing, on one hand, and diet, taste preference and weight status, on the other, in European preschoolers and schoolchildren. The IDEFICS baseline survey was conducted at examination centers in Italy, Estonia, Cyprus, Belgium, Sweden, Germany, Hungary, and Spain. 15,144 children aged 2-9 completed the basic protocol, including anthropometry and parental questionnaires on their diets and television habits. A subsample of 1,696 schoolchildren underwent further sensory testing for fat and sweet taste preferences. Three dichotomous indicators described: children's habitual television exposure time; television viewing during meals; and having televisions in their bedrooms. Based on these variables we investigated television habits in relation to overweight (IOTF) and usual consumption of foods high in fat and sugar. A possible role of taste preference in the latter association was tested in the sensory subgroup. All television indicators were significantly associated with increased risk of overweight, with odds ratios ranging from 1.21 to 1.30, in fully adjusted models. Children's propensities to consume high-fat and high-sugar foods were positively and, in most analyses, monotonically associated with high-risk television behaviors. The associations between television and diet propensities were not explained by preference for added fat or sugar in test foods. To summarize, in addition to being more overweight, children with high-risk television behaviors may, independent of objectively measured taste preferences for fat and sugar, passively overconsume higher-fat and particularly higher-sugar diets.
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266.
  • Lissner, Lauren, 1956, et al. (författare)
  • The natural history of obesity in an obese population and associations with metabolic aberrations
  • 1994
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. ; 18, s. 441-447
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Hospital, University of Göteborg, Sweden. The natural history of obesity was examined in a nation-wide sample of 1,084 obese men and 1,367 obese women aged 37-59 years who were recruited into a registry of potential subjects for an intervention trial. The registry and intervention studies are jointly referred to as SOS ('Swedish Obese Subjects'). In the registry, the mean body mass index was 37.7 kg/m2 in men and 40.9 kg/m2 in women. Descriptive information on subjects' weight histories and the relative weights of their biological parents was collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire. At a physical examination shortly thereafter, weights, heights and selected cardiovascular risk factors were measured in the fasting state. Virtually all subjects reported weight loss attempts in the past, men and women reported having gained weight during adulthood at a considerably higher rate than that observed in population-based samples. Significant correlations were observed between relative weights of obese males and both of their biological parents, but not between obese women and either of their parents. Indices of medical risk were then examined in relation to individual weight histories. Familial predisposition did not relate to most aspects of current medical risk. However, later-onset obesity tended to be associated with greater cardiovascular risk, while prior weight loss was predictive of an improved risk factor profile. These latter associations were not dependent on a subject's current degree of obesity and were particularly consistent with respect to fasting insulin level. PMID: 8081436 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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267.
  • Lissner, Lauren, 1956, et al. (författare)
  • Trends in overweight and obesity in Swedish schoolchildren 1999-2005: has the epidemic reached a plateau?
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Obesity reviews. - 1467-789X. ; 11:8, s. 553-559
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this review is to synthesize published evidence on the most recent trends in overweight and obesity among Swedish children. Specifically, trends are reported among fourth graders (10-11 years) from six different municipalities between 1999 and 2005. Weights and heights in representative samples of children within each area were measured by school nurses as part of routine school health examinations. Standardized definitions of overweight, obesity and thinness were calculated by methods described by Cole et al. in 2000 and 2007. In Stockholm, obesity prevalence during academic years starting 1999 and 2003 decreased non-significantly from 4.4% to 2.8% in girls, and increased non-significantly from 3.2% to 3.8% among boys. In Gothenburg, comparing academic years starting 2000 and 2004, prevalence of overweight in girls decreased from 19.6% to 15.9% (P < 0.01) while thinness increased from 9.5% to 11.9% (P < 0.05); no significant changes were observed in boys. Finally, the Swedish National Institute of Public Health released figures from Karlstad, Umeå, Västerås and Ystad in 2003-2005 during which time no trends in prevalence could be clearly shown. The stabilized rates are probably a result of regional and local actions that have taken place in many sectors of society, rather than one specific measure or national political action.
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268.
  • Lissner, Lauren, 1956, et al. (författare)
  • Variability of body weight and health outcomes in the Framingham population
  • 1991
  • Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. ; 324, s. 1839-1844
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Department of Primary Health Care, Redbergsägen #6, Göteborg, Sweden. BACKGROUND. Fluctuation in body weight is a common phenomenon, due in part to the high prevalence of dieting. In this study we examined the associations between variability in body weight and health end points in subjects participating in the Framingham Heart Study, which involves follow-up examinations every two years after entry. METHODS. The degree of variability of body weight was expressed as the coefficient of variation of each subject's measured body-mass-index values at the first eight biennial examinations during the study and on their recalled weight at 25 years of age. Using the 32-year follow-up data, we analyzed total mortality, mortality from coronary heart disease, and morbidity due to coronary heart disease and cancer in relation to intraindividual variation in body weight, including only end points that occurred after the 10th biennial examination. We used age-adjusted proportional-hazards regression for the data analysis. RESULTS. Subjects with highly variable body weights had increased total mortality (P = 0.005 for men, P = 0.01 for women), mortality from coronary heart disease (P = 0.009 for men, P = 0.009 for women), and morbidity due to coronary heart disease (P = 0.0009 for men, P = 0.006 for women). Using a multivariate analysis that also controlled for obesity, trends in weight over time, and five indicators of cardiovascular risk, we found that the positive associations between fluctuations in body weight and end points related to mortality and coronary heart disease could not be attributed to these potential confounding factors. The relative risks of these end points in subjects whose weight varied substantially, as compared with those whose weight was relatively stable, ranged from 1.27 to 1.93. CONCLUSIONS. Fluctuations in body weight may have negative health consequences, independent of obesity and the trend of body weight over time. PMID: 2041550 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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269.
  • Lissner, Lauren, 1956, et al. (författare)
  • Variation in energy intake during the menstrual cycle: implications for food-intake research
  • 1988
  • Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. ; 48, s. 956-962
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. The relationship between spontaneous energy consumption and menstrual cycle was evaluated in 23 subjects who participated in one of two independent studies. Ad libitum intakes of experimental diets were measured by food weighing and bomb calorimetry for 56 or 42 d. Comparisons were made between each woman's mean energy during the 10 d before and after the onset of menstruation. The significant decline (364 kJ, or 87 kcal) between these two 10-d intervals was smaller than but consistent with findings from previous studies of data from food journals. In a separate analysis with time-series techniques, two distinct periods of elevated intake were identified (during the midluteal and midfollicular phases) that were independent of illness and menstrual symptoms. This pattern of food intake is discussed with reference to normal hormonal fluctuations. These findings confirm that menstrual cycle is a potential confounding variable that should be controlled in research on human food intake. PMID: 3421205 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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270.
  • Lissner, Lauren, 1956 (författare)
  • Weight management: weight cycling/weight change
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition (Third Edition). Benjamin Caballero (Ed.). - Oxford : Elsevier. - 9780123848857 ; , s. 410-15
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Weight cycling refers to losses and subsequent regains of body weight often occurring in association with dieting. Prospective epidemiological studies have shown that an individual's own variations in body weight over time, a proxy for weight cycling, can statistically predict excess risk of subsequent mortality and disease. Unintentional changes may reflect serious illnesses that could be the underlying reasons for mortality. However, studies investigating intentional weight loss yield no consistent evidence that dieting either causes death or promotes longevity. Based on the existing literature on weight cycling, weight loss and weight gain, it can only be concluded that the optimal weight trajectory is weight stability.
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