| 21. |
- Charonis, Georgios, et al.
(författare)
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Prolonged use of intrauterine contraceptive device as a risk factor for tubo-ovarian abscess
- 2009
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Ingår i: ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 88:6, s. 680-684
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. The intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) is the most preferred method of reversible contraception in the world today. The Swedish Medical Products Agency currently recommends that women who had a copper IUCD inserted around age 40 do not need to have it extracted until one year after the menopause. Design. Retrospective study. Setting. Skovde Central Hospital, Sweden. Population. All 114 women receiving in-patient treatment for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) over five years between January 2001 and December 2005. Methods. Comparison between cases of tubo-ovarian abscesses and salpingitis with focus on the effects of IUCDs used continually for andgt; 5 years after insertion. Main outcome measures. Age-adjusted risk of PID within or after five years of use, microbiological findings in blood, intraabdominal pus, cervical secretions or on extracted IUCDs. Results. There were 31 cases of tubo-ovarian abscesses, 63 of salpingitis, four of endometritis, and 16 of mild genital infection. When comparing women with the same IUCD andgt; 5 years to women having the same IUCD andlt;= 5 years, the risk of tubo-ovarian abscess was higher than the risk of salpingitis (OR 19.7; 95% CI 4.5-87.2). The risk remained significant after adjustment for age, both on multiple regression analysis (OR 13.5; 95% CI 2.5-72.9) and in stratified analysis for the age group 35-50 years (OR 12.0; 95% CI 1.8-81.7). Blood or abdominal cultures from patients operated upon were positive in 47.7% of the sampled cases. Intestinal tract microbes and upper respiratory tract microbes were more common than sexually transmitted infection microbes. Conclusions. The current Medical Products Agency recommendation that a woman nearing the end of her reproductive phase can safely use the same IUCD for a period exceeding five years is challenged.
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| 22. |
- Cäker, Mikael
(författare)
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Customer focus : An accountability dilemma
- 2007
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Ingår i: The European Accounting Review. - : Routledge. - 0963-8180 .- 1468-4497. ; 16:1, s. 143-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Customer-related measures are today often included in management accounting systems. In this paper, two situations are displayed where these measures are problematic to the managing process. The main argument of the paper is that customer accountability may serve to question demands for hierarchical accountability, as put forward in management accounting systems. The paper is based on a case study, in which two groups show strong customer accountability which is disturbing to the managing process. In the first group, socializing accountability processes to the customers override hierarchical accountability concerning delivery performance. In the second group, aligned accountability to customers and managers for customer-related measures override hierarchical demands for accountability for financial performance. The argument of the paper may be taken as a basis to question the broadening of management accounting to incorporate customer-related aspects. An organization needs to be managed in a balanced way. However, it should not be taken for granted that all aspects need to be incorporated into management accounting. With strong customer accountability, management accounting may need to be devoted to classical tasks of emphasizing financial performance and formalized processes.
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| 23. |
- Cäker, Mikael, 1972-
(författare)
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Management accounting as constructing and opposing customer focus : three case studies on management accounting and customer relations
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis is on the relation between management accounting and customer focus and relates to discussions about how internal managing processes in organizations are interrelated with interorganizational relations, specifically constructions of customers. Both a normative and a descriptive perspective on the relation are taken within the different parts of the thesis, which consists of a licentiate thesis, three articles and a synthesizing text. The purpose is to understand the interaction between management accounting and customer focus on operative levels in industrial organizations, where focus on customer has a central place. The results are also discussed with respect to its possible importance in the development of managing processes of organizations. The thesis is based on three cases, which have been studied with mainly a qualitative approach.In the licentiate thesis, traditional accounting models, originally developed to provide information for analyzing products, are revisited under the assumption that customers and products are equally interesting to analyze. The three articles explore the role of management accounting in interpreting customers and the interface to customers. In the first article, strong customer accountability is found to override the intentions from managers, as communicated through the accounting system. Arguments of how management accounting can be perceived as inaccurate then have a central place in motivating how customers are prioritized in a way not favored by managers. Furthermore, in the second article, customers are experienced as both catalysts and frustrators to change processes and changes in management accounting are found in eo-development with the different customer relations and how different customers prefer to communicate. The third article explores how coordination mechanisms operate in relation to each other in coordination of customer-supplier relationships. A strong market mechanism creates space for bureaucratic control and use of management accounting. However, the use of bureaucratic control in turn relies on social coordination between actors in order to function.These four parts are revisited and related to each other in a synthesizing part of the thesis. The relation between management accounting and customer focus is approached in two ways. Management accounting may construct customer focus, making it impossible to distinguish between the two. However, another interpretation of the relation is management accounting and customer focus as opposing logics, where management accounting represents hierarchical influence, homogeneous control processes and cost efficient operations, and customer focus represents customer influence, control processes adapted to the customer and customized operations.
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| 24. |
- Dahlstedt, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Ana’s Tragedy – and Europe’s : A Contemplation over Romani, belonging and the conditioned citizenship making in a Europe of Migration
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Futures Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2195-4194 .- 2195-2248. ; 4:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article deals with the notion of belonging in today’s multi-ethnic Sweden and hints at perpectives of future European identity-building. On the basis of Frantz Fanon’s understanding of colonialism and the colonized mentality as theoretical, the article deals with the situation of Roma in Sweden – and Europe. With the story of a young Roma woman that has migrated to Sweden from Hungary as point of departure, the article addresses the situation for Romani people, but also for other migrants in Europe, with particular focus on who are allowed to belong to the community of Swedish and European citizens, and who are not.
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| 25. |
- Dahlström, Örjan, et al.
(författare)
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Is "Football for All" Safe for All? : Cross-Sectional Study of Disparities as Determinants of 1-Year Injury Prevalence in Youth Football Programs
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : PLOS. - 1932-6203. ; 7:8, s. e43795-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Football (soccer) is endorsed as a health-promoting physical activity worldwide. When football programs are introduced as part of general health promotion programs, equal access and limitation of pre-participation disparities with regard to injury risk are important. The aim of this study was to explore if disparity with regard to parents’ educational level, player body mass index (BMI), and self-reported health are determinants of football injury in community-based football programs, separately or in interaction with age or gender.Methodology/Principal Findings: Four community football clubs with 1230 youth players agreed to participate in the cross-sectional study during the 2006 season. The study constructs (parents’ educational level, player BMI, and self-reported health) were operationalized into questionnaire items. The 1-year prevalence of football injury was defined as the primary outcome measure. Data were collected via a postal survey and analyzed using a series of hierarchical statistical computations investigating associations with the primary outcome measure and interactions between the study variables. The survey was returned by 827 (67.2%) youth players. The 1-year injury prevalence increased with age. For youths with parents with higher formal education, boys reported more injuries and girls reported fewer injuries than expected; for youths with lower educated parents there was a tendency towards the opposite pattern. Youths reporting injuries had higher standardized BMI compared with youths not reporting injuries. Children not reporting full health were slightly overrepresented among those reporting injuries and underrepresented for those reporting no injury.Conclusion: Pre-participation disparities in terms of parents’ educational level, through interaction with gender, BMI, and self-reported general health are associated with increased injury risk in community-based youth football. When introduced as a general health promotion, football associations should adjust community-based youth programs to accommodate children and adolescents with increased pre-participation injury risk.
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| 26. |
- Dalal, Koustuv, et al.
(författare)
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Economic empowerment of women and utilization of maternal delivery care in Bangladesh
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Preventive Medicine. - : Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS). - 2008-7802 .- 2008-8213. ; 3:9, s. 628-636
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Maternal mortality is a major public health problem in low-income countries, such as Bangladesh. Women's empowerment in relation to enhanced utilization of delivery care is underexplored. This study investigates the associations between women's economic empowerment and their utilization of maternal health care services in Bangladesh. Methods: In total, 4925 women (15-49 years of age) with at least one child from whole Bangladesh constituted the study sample. Home delivery without skilled birth attendant and use of institutional delivery services were the main outcome variables used for the analyses. Economic empowerment, neighborhood socioeconomic status, household economic status, and demographic factors were considered as explanatory variables. The chi square test and unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses were applied at the collected data. Results: In the adjusted model, respondent's and husband's education, household economic status, and residency emerged as important predictors for utilization of delivery care services. In the unadjusted model, economically empowered working and microfinanced women displayed more home delivery. Conclusion: The current study shows that use of delivery care services is associated with socioeconomic development and can be enhanced by societies that focus on general issues such as schooling, economic wellbeing, and gender-based discrimination.
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| 27. |
- de Weerd, Hendrik A., et al.
(författare)
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MODalyseR—a novel software for inference of disease module hub regulators identified a putative multiple sclerosis regulator supported by independent eQTL data
- 2022
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Ingår i: Bioinformatics Advances. - : Oxford University Press. - 2635-0041. ; 2:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MotivationNetwork-based disease modules have proven to be a powerful concept for extracting knowledge about disease mechanisms, predicting for example disease risk factors and side effects of treatments. Plenty of tools exist for the purpose of module inference, but less effort has been put on simultaneously utilizing knowledge about regulatory mechanisms for predicting disease module hub regulators.ResultsWe developed MODalyseR, a novel software for identifying disease module regulators and reducing modules to the most disease-associated genes. This pipeline integrates and extends previously published software packages MODifieR and ComHub and hereby provides a user-friendly network medicine framework combining the concepts of disease modules and hub regulators for precise disease gene identification from transcriptomics data. To demonstrate the usability of the tool, we designed a case study for multiple sclerosis that revealed IKZF1 as a promising hub regulator, which was supported by independent ChIP-seq data.Availability and implementationMODalyseR is available as a Docker image at https://hub.docker.com/r/ddeweerd/modalyser with user guide and installation instructions found at https://gustafsson-lab.gitlab.io/MODalyseR/.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
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| 28. |
- de Weerd, Hendrik A., et al.
(författare)
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MODifieR : an ensemble R package for inference of disease modules from transcriptomics networks
- 2020
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Ingår i: Bioinformatics. - : Oxford University Press. - 1367-4803 .- 1367-4811 .- 1460-2059. ; 36:12, s. 3918-3919
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MOTIVATION: Complex diseases are due to the dense interactions of many disease-associated factors that dysregulate genes that in turn form so-called disease modules, which have shown to be a powerful concept for understanding pathological mechanisms. There exist many disease module inference methods that rely on somewhat different assumptions, but there is still no gold standard or best performing method. Hence, there is a need for combining these methods to generate robust disease modules.RESULTS: We developed MODule IdentiFIER (MODifieR), an ensemble R package of nine disease module inference methods from transcriptomics networks. MODifieR uses standardized input and output allowing the possibility to combine individual modules generated from these methods into more robust disease-specific modules, contributing to a better understanding of complex diseases.AVAILABILITY: MODifieR is available under the GNU GPL license and can be freely downloaded from https://gitlab.com/Gustafsson-lab/MODifieR and as a Docker image from https://hub.docker.com/r/ddeweerd/modifier.SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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| 29. |
- Diaz Cruz, Maria Araceli, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of methylation patterns associated with lifestyle factors and vitamin D supplementation in a healthy elderly cohort from Southwest Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Portfolio. - 2045-2322. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Numerous studies have shown that lifestyle factors, such as regular physical activity and vitamin D intake, may remarkably improve overall health and mental wellbeing. This is especially important in older adults whose vitamin D deficiency occurs with a high prevalence. This study aimed to examine the influence of lifestyle and vitamin D on global DNA methylation patterns in an elderly cohort in Southwest of Sweden. We also sought to examine the methylation levels of specific genes involved in vitamin D's molecular and metabolic activated pathways. We performed a genome wide methylation analysis, using Illumina Infinium DNA Methylation EPIC 850kBeadChip array, on 277 healthy individuals from Southwest Sweden at the age of 70-95. The study participants also answered queries on lifestyle, vitamin intake, heart medication, and estimated health. Vitamin D intake did not in general affect methylation patterns, which is in concert with other studies. However, when comparing the group of individuals taking vitamin supplements, including vitamin D, with those not taking supplements, a difference in methylation in the solute carrier family 25 (SCL25A24) gene was found. This confirms a previous finding, where changes in expression of SLC25A24 were associated with vitamin D treatment in human monocytes. The combination of vitamin D intake and high physical activity increased methylation of genes linked to regulation of vitamin D receptor pathway, the Wnt pathway and general cancer processes. To our knowledge, this is the first study detecting epigenetic markers associated with the combined effects of vitamin D supplementation and high physical activity. These results deserve to be further investigated in an extended, interventional study cohort, where also the levels of 25(OH)D3 can be monitored.
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| 30. |
- Dybjer, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Type 1 diabetes, cognitive ability and incidence of cardiovascular disease and death over 60 years of follow-up time in men
- 2022
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Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0742-3071 .- 1464-5491. ; 39:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims There are few cohorts of type 1 diabetes that follow individuals over more than half a century in terms of health outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine associations between type 1 diabetes, diagnosed before age 18, and long-term morbidity and mortality, and to investigate whether cognitive ability plays a role in long-term morbidity and mortality risk. Methods In a Swedish cohort, 120 men with type 1 diabetes and 469 without type 1 diabetes were followed between 18 and 77 years of age as regards morbidity and mortality outcomes, and impact of cognitive ability at military conscription for the outcomes. In Cox regression analyses and Kaplan-Meier analyses with log-rank tests, associations between diabetes and cognitive ability respectively, and outcomes (mortality, cardiovascular morbidity and diabetes complications) were investigated. Results Men with type 1 diabetes suffered from dramatically higher mortality (HR 4.62, 95% CI: 3.56-5.60), cardiovascular mortality (HR 5.60, 95% CI: 3.27-9.57), and cardiovascular events (HR 3.97, 95% CI: 2.79-5.64) compared to men without diabetes. Higher cognitive ability at military conscription was associated with lower mortality in men without diabetes, but was not associated with any outcome in men with diabetes. Conclusions In this historical cohort study with 60 years of follow-up time and a less effective treatment of diabetes than today, mortality rates and cardiovascular outcomes were high for men with type 1 diabetes. Morbidity or mortality did not differ between those that had low to normal or high cognitive ability among men with type 1 diabetes.
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