| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Duane, Brett, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental sustainability in endodontics. A life cycle assessment (LCA) of a root canal treatment procedure
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Oral Health. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6831 .- 1472-6831. ; 20:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To analyse via life cycle analysis (LCA) the global resource use and environmental output of the endodontic procedure.METHODOLOGY: An LCA was conducted to measure the life cycle of a standard/routine two-visit RCT. The LCA was conducted according to the International Organization of Standardization guidelines; ISO 14040:2006. All clinical elements of an endodontic treatment (RCT) were input into OpenLCA software using process and flows from the ecoinvent database. Travel to and from the dental clinic was not included. Environmental outputs included abiotic depletion, acidification, freshwater ecotoxicity/eutrophication, human toxicity, cancer/non cancer effects, ionizing radiation, global warming, marine eutrophication, ozone depletion, photochemical ozone formation and terrestrial eutrophication.RESULTS: An RCT procedure contributes 4.9 kg of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2 eq) emissions. This is the equivalent of a 30 km drive in a small car. The main 5 contributors were dental clothing followed by surface disinfection (isopropanol), disposable bib (paper and plastic), single-use stainless steel instruments and electricity use. Although this LCA has illustrated the effect endodontic treatment has on the environment, there are a number of limitations that may influence the validity of the results.CONCLUSIONS: The endodontic team need to consider how they can reduce the environmental burden of endodontic care. One immediate area of focus might be to consider alternatives to isopropyl alcohol, and look at paper, single use instrument and electricity use. Longer term, research into environmentally-friendly medicaments should continue to investigate the replacement of current cytotoxic gold standards with possible natural alternatives. Minimally invasive regenerative endodontics techniques designed to stimulate repair or regeneration of damaged pulp tissue may also be one way of improving the environmental impact of an RCT.
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| 43. |
- Duanmu, Jie, et al.
(författare)
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Allyloxy-modified starch with low degree of substitution for fiber reinforced thermoset starch composites
- 2011
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Ingår i: Composites Science And Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0266-3538 .- 1879-1050. ; 71:4, s. 520-527
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present work dough moulding compound premixes of allyl glycidyl ether modified (AGE)-potato starch, (DS) = 0.2, has been prepared and tested for its fiber reinforced composite properties. The AGE-starch was hydrolyzed with a-amylase under neutral condition for 6 h at 45 degrees C for improved process ability. The grafting and hydrolytic scission was confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC), respectively. Homogeneous composite premixes of AGE-starch, wood fibers, various amount of glycerol and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate were successfully mixed with a Brabender-kneader at 55 degrees C and cured by compression molding at 150 degrees C using 2 wt% of dibenzoyl peroxide. Adding 5 wt% of glycerol did not reduce the ultimate strength of the composites: 10% glycerol reduced the strength from 60 MPa to 40 MPa, and 16% glycerol to 14 MPa. The results with 5 wt% glycerol are comparable with earlier achieved results. The water absorption rate increased with increased glycerol content and the mechanical strength of the composites was lost completely when the moisture uptake reached 15 wt%.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Dudek, M., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization and assessment of wax and wax inhibitors systems in microfluidic oil-in-water coalescence experiments
- 2022
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Ingår i: Colloids and Surfaces A. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0927-7757 .- 1873-4359. ; 636
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During produced water treatment, one of the key underlying phenomena affecting separation performance is coalescence between oil droplets. These processes can be affected by several factors, including chemical composition of fluids, process conditions, droplet characteristics, but also presence of different production chemicals. In this paper, we study the effect of wax and wax inhibitors on the stability of oil droplets in brine with a microfluidic coalescence method. Three wax inhibitors with known chemistries were added to crude oil and solutions of macrocrystalline wax in dodecane. All the systems were characterized with regards to their physicochemical, rheological and interfacial properties, while the microfluidic coalescence measurements were performed below and above the wax appearance temperature. In most cases, higher concentration of the inhibitors lowered the coalescence frequency between the droplets, however the presence of wax often reduced the stabilizing effect of the additives. The most stable emulsions, often by 1–2 orders of magnitude, were obtained for the polycarboxylate wax inhibitor with the lowest molecular weight and exhibiting highest interfacial activity. Styrene block copolymer was also found to prevent coalescence, most likely by changing the mechanical properties of the interface, however this was strongly affected by the concentration of wax in the solution. Higher temperature mostly affected the inhibitor-paraffin or inhibitor-solvent interactions, which resulted in increase or reduction of emulsion stability, depending on the inhibitor. Crude oil systems, more stable than model solutions to begin with, were found to be only slightly affected by the presence of additives. This was mostly attributed to the abundance presence of crude oil indigenous surface-active components. Still, in all cases when an additive was present, the stability of droplets increased. Overall, this study underlines the importance of non-separation related production chemicals within the wider frame of separation processes in upstream petroleum processing. © 2021 The Author(s)
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| 46. |
- Dudek, Magdalena M, et al.
(författare)
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Fluorescence-Based Blood Coagulation Assay Device for Measuring Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time
- 2011
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Ingår i: ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY. - : ACS American Chemical Society. - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 83:1, s. 319-328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The measurement of blood clotting time is important in a range of clinical applications such as assessing coagulation disorders and controlling the effect of various anticoagulant drug therapies. Clotting time tests essentially measure the onset of clot formation which results from the formation of fibrin fibers in the blood sample. However, such assays are inherently imprecise due to the highly variable nature of the clot formation process and the sample matrix. This work describes a clotting time measurement assay which uses a fluorescent probe to very precisely detect the onset of fibrin clot formation. It uses a microstructured surface which enhances the formation of multiple localized clot loci and which results in the abrupt redistribution of the fluorescent label at the onset of clot formation in both whole blood and plasma. This methodology was applied to the development of an activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) test in a lateral flow microfluidic platform and used to monitor the effect of heparin dosage where it showed linearity from 0 to 2 U/mL in spiked plasma samples (R-2=0.996, n = 3), correlation against gold standard coagulometry of 0.9986, and correlation against standard hospital aPTT in 32 patient samples of 0.78.
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| 47. |
- Emanuelsson, O., von Heijne, G., Elofsson, A., Cristóbal, S.
(författare)
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In silico prediction of the peroxisomal proteome in fungi, plants and animals
- 2003
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Ingår i: J. Mol. Biol.. ; 330, s. 443-456
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an attempt to improve our abilities to predict peroxisomal proteins, we have combined machine-learning techniques for analyzing peroxisomal targeting signals (PTS1) with domain-based cross-species comparisons between eight eukaryotic genomes. Our resul
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| 48. |
- Espín-Pérez, Almudena, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of Sex-Specific Transcriptome Responses to Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PCBs are classified as xenoestrogens and carcinogens and their health risks may be sex-specific. To identify potential sex-specific responses to PCB-exposure we established gene expression profiles in a population study subdivided into females and males. Gene expression profiles were determined in a study population consisting of 512 subjects from the EnviroGenomarkers project, 217 subjects who developed lymphoma and 295 controls were selected in later life. We ran linear mixed models in order to find associations between gene expression and exposure to PCBs, while correcting for confounders, in particular distribution of white blood cells (WBC), as well as random effects. The analysis was subdivided according to sex and development of lymphoma in later life. The changes in gene expression as a result of exposure to the six studied PCB congeners were sex- and WBC type specific. The relatively large number of genes that are significantly associated with PCB-exposure in the female subpopulation already indicates different biological response mechanisms to PCBs between the two sexes. The interaction analysis between different PCBs and WBCs provides only a small overlap between sexes. In males, cancer-related pathways and in females immune system-related pathways are identified in association with PCBs and WBCs. Future lymphoma cases and controls for both sexes show different responses to the interaction of PCBs with WBCs, suggesting a role of the immune system in PCB-related cancer development.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Fagerström, Katrin, 1970-
(författare)
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Architecture Forgetting Colour : Crystal Palace and Impressionism
- 2005
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Ingår i: AIC Colour 05. The 10th Congress of the International Colour Association. - Granada : AIC, International Colour Association. - 8460951634 ; , s. 201-204
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ephemeral architecture of the World Fairs was important for the architectural history of the 20th Century. When the architectural theoretician Sigfried Giedion in 1941 regards the conception of space in modern architecture portended in Crystal Palace he notes the iron and the glass but not the architectural colour scheme. The colour scheme of the architect Owen Jones may be regarded as an early example of impressionism – or neo-impressionism; movements which in painting were of great importance to later art movements including architecture. The Swedish architectural historian Elias Cornell emhasised the impact of the colour scheme on the perception of space in Crystal Palace in his doctoral thesis of 1952 and in 1977 the American architectural theoretician David Van Zanten uses the term impressionist colour for its colour scheme. This paper discusses the significance of architectural impressionism by a comparison between the descriptions of Giedion, Cornell and Van Zanten using studies of impressionism and neo-impressionism.
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