| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Brändström, Sven, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish normative data on personality using the Temperament and Character Inventory
- 1998
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Ingår i: Comprehensive Psychiatry. - 0010-440X .- 1532-8384. ; 39:3, s. 122-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) is a self-report personality questionnaire based on Cloninger's psychobiological model of personality, which accounts for both normal and abnormal variation in the two major components of personality, temperament and character. Normative data for the Swedish TCI based on a representative Swedish sample of 1,300 adults are presented, and the psychometric properties of the questionnaire are discussed. The structure of the Swedish version replicates the American version well for the means, distribution of scores, and relationships within the between scales and subscales. Further, the Swedish inventory had a reliable factor structure and test-retest performance. The results of this study confirm the theory of temperament and character as a seven-factor model of personality.
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| 23. |
- Gustafsson, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of hyperfine structure and isotope shift on the detection of Rb by 2f-wavelength modulation diode laser absorption spectrometry : experimental verification of simulations
- 1998
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Ingår i: Spectrochimica Acta Part B - Atomic Spectroscopy. - : Elsevier. - 0584-8547 .- 1873-3565. ; 52:14, s. 1895-1905
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work presents an experimental verification of a previously developed methodology for simulation of the 2f-wavelength modulation diode laser absorption spectrometry technique (2f-WM-DLAS) when the influence of hyperfine structure, isotope shift and collisional broadening and shift of an atomic transition is taken into account [J. Gustafsson, D. Rojas and O. Axner, Spectrochim. Acta, 52B, 1937-1953 (1997)]. The pilot element in the simulations was Rb, detected at the 780 nm 5s S-2(1/2) - 5p P-2(3/2) transition, in low-pressure cells and atmospheric-pressure reservoirs (e.g. graphite furnaces). This experimental investigation verifies that the simulations are able to predict, with good accuracy, experimental 2f-WM signals from Rb atoms under both low-pressure, room-temperature conditions and atmospheric-pressure, high-temperature conditions. This implies that the previously published simulation methodology can be used for predicting and optimizing 2f-WM signal strengths and shapes from Rb atoms (and thereby presumably also from other atoms) under a variety of pressure and temperature conditions.
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| 24. |
- Hellström, Olle, 1940-, et al.
(författare)
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Doctors' attitudes to fibromyalgia : a phenomenological study
- 1998
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0300-8037. ; 26:3, s. 232-237
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Besides specific technical skills, successful encounters with patients require an understanding of the many ways in which patients may express themselves. This qualitative study reports on the clinical experiences of doctors when meeting patients with fibromyalgia (FM). Ten strategically chosen rheumatologists and 10 GPs in central Sweden were interviewed. The interviews were taped, transcribed and analysed in accordance with the empirical, phenomenological, psychological method. The analyses indicate that doctors try to comply with the wishes and demands of patients, and at the same time avoid perceptions of personal frustration. They are inclined to be objective and to act instrumentally, apparently in order to keep in touch with what gave biomedical meaning to an otherwise incomprehensible phenomenon. The meaning structures revealed by doctors' descriptions of FM and of relating to FM patients were characterized mainly by the way in which the doctors were (i) managing their clinical uncertainty, (ii) adhering to the biomedical paradigm, (iii) prioritizing diagnostics, (iv) establishing an instrumental relationship, and (v) avoiding recognizing FM as a possible biomedical anomaly.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Larsson, Gunnel, et al.
(författare)
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Cancer patient and staff ratings of the importance of caring behaviours and their relations to patient anxiety and depression
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 27:4, s. 855-864
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patient and staff ratings of the importance of caring behaviours (Caring Assessment Instrument, CARE-Q) were studied and related to ratings of patient levels of anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) in 53 cancer patient-staff dyads. Both groups perceived anticipatory and comforting behaviours to be among the three most important. Patients considered staff explanation and facilitation as well as anticipation to be more important than did staff. Staff rated accessibility and comforting as more important than did patients. Patient and staff ratings of the importance of staff accessibility were negatively correlated. Thus, patient and staff 'did not agree strongly on the importance of several types of caring behaviours. Neither patient nor staff ratings of the importance of caring behaviours were associated with their ratings of the levels of anxiety or depression of specific patients. The results suggest that patient-staff communication requires specific knowledge and skills to make staff accurately judge what is important in making patients feel cared for.
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| 28. |
- Lindahl, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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The role of advocacy in critical care nursing : a caring response to another
- 1998
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Ingår i: Intensive & Critical Care Nursing. - : Churchill Livingstone. - 0964-3397 .- 1532-4036. ; 14:4, s. 179-186
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the aim of clarifying critical care nursing, six critical care nurses, working in a Swedish intensive care unit (ICU) were each asked to narrate a care situation with which they had been satisfied or dissatisfied. The stories were tape-recorded and analysed using a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach inspired by the philosophy of Ricoeur. The themes uncovered in the analysis describe the nurse's role of advocacy as: to build a caring relationship, to carry out a commitment, to empower, to make room for and interconnect, to be a risk-taker, to be a moral agent and to create a trusting atmosphere conducive to recovery. The meaning of the role of advocacy lies in a moral and existential response to another human being, an expression of caring. Advocacy rests on the patient-nurse relationship and occurs as an outspoken demand of another human being whose autonomy is threatened. The results are discussed from the ethical perspectives of Lögstrup, Watson's concept of care, and existential advocacy as expressed by Gadow.
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| 29. |
- Lundqvist, Robert
(författare)
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Quality improvements of teaching and learning in higher education : a comparison with developments in industrial settings
- 1998
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Ingår i: Teaching in Higher Education. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1356-2517 .- 1470-1294. ; 3:1, s. 51-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As in the case in many areas of society, quality issues have come into focus also in higher education. One expression is that there are a number of institutions in higher education where a Total Quality Management (TQM) perspective has been adopted. However, most of these examples are found in non-academic activities. This article discusses the possibility to achieve improvements in teaching and learning from the adoption of a TQM perspective. The discussion will be based upon an analogy with one particular development common in trade and industry, namely the transition towards process orientated structures, and towards less reliance on screening, rework and scrapping of non-conformance. The basic argument is that a similar change in higher education accompanied by the adoption of a TQM perspective comprising elements as focus on customer needs, process orientation and continuous improvements could result in improvements in teaching and learning.
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| 30. |
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