| 21. |
- Long, Maeve, et al.
(författare)
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DGAT1 activity synchronises with mitophagy to protect cells from metabolic rewiring by iron depletion
- 2022
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Ingår i: EMBO Journal. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0261-4189 .- 1460-2075. ; 41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mitophagy removes defective mitochondria via lysosomal elimination. Increased mitophagy coincides with metabolic reprogramming, yet it remains unknown whether mitophagy is a cause or consequence of such state changes. The signalling pathways that integrate with mitophagy to sustain cell and tissue integrity also remain poorly defined. We performed temporal metabolomics on mammalian cells treated with deferiprone, a therapeutic iron chelator that stimulates PINK1/PARKIN-independent mitophagy. Iron depletion profoundly rewired the metabolome, hallmarked by remodelling of lipid metabolism within minutes of treatment. DGAT1-dependent lipid droplet biosynthesis occurred several hours before mitochondrial clearance, with lipid droplets bordering mitochondria upon iron chelation. We demonstrate that DGAT1 inhibition restricts mitophagy in vitro, with impaired lysosomal homeostasis and cell viability. Importantly, genetic depletion of DGAT1 in vivo significantly impaired neuronal mitophagy and locomotor function in Drosophila. Our data define iron depletion as a potent signal that rapidly reshapes metabolism and establishes an unexpected synergy between lipid homeostasis and mitophagy that safeguards cell and tissue integrity.
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| 22. |
- Sahlin, Carin, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Obstructive sleep apnea is a risk factor for death in patients with stroke : a 10-year follow-up
- 2008
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Ingår i: Archives of Internal Medicine. - Chicago : American medical association. - 0003-9926 .- 1538-3679. ; 168:3, s. 297-301
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sleep apnea occurs frequently among stroke patients, but it is still unknown whether a diagnosis of sleep apnea is an independent risk factor for mortality. We aimed to investigate whether obstructive or central sleep apnea was related to a reduced long-term survival among stroke patients.Methods: One hundred and thirty-two of 151 patients admitted for in-hospital stroke rehabilitation in the catchment area of Umeå from 1 April 1995 to 1 May 1997 underwent overnight sleep apnea recordings at 23 ± 8 days after onset of stroke. All patients were followed-up prospectively for a mean (SD) of 10.0 ± 0.6 years, with death as the primary outcome and no one was lost to follow-up. Obstructive sleep apnea was defined when the obstructive apnea-hypopnea index was over 15 and central sleep apnea when the central apnea-hypopnea index was over 15. Patients with an obstructive and a central apnea-hypopnea index below 15 served as controls.Results: Of 132 enrolled patients, 116 had died at follow-up. The risk of death was higher among the 23 patients with obstructive sleep apnea than controls (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.76; 95% confidence interval 1.05 to 2.95, p=0.03), independent of age, gender, body-mass index, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, mini-mental state examination and Barthel activity of daily living There was no difference in mortality between the 28 patients with central sleep apnea and controls (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.07; 95 percent confidence interval 0.65 to 1.76, p=0.053).Conclusions: Stroke patients with obstructive sleep apnea run an increased risk of early death. Central sleep apnea was not related to early death among the present patients.
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| 23. |
- Ådén, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary intake and olfactory function in patients with newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease : a case-control study.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nutritional neuroscience. - 1476-8305. ; 14:1, s. 25-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate energy and nutrient intake in newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and association between olfaction and nutrient density of the diet. DESIGN: Baseline data from a prospective cohort study. SUBJECTS: Eighty-seven patients and 28 age- and sex-matched controls participated in the study. METHODS: Dietary intake was assessed by using 3-day dietary records and 24-hour dietary recalls. The Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT) was used to test olfaction. RESULTS: Patients, compared with controls, had lower intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (P = 0.024) and a higher intake of carbohydrates (P = 0.027) in energy percent (E%). Lower intake of protein (E%) (P = 0.045), and a low nutrient density of folate (P = 0.022), magnesium (P = 0.012), and phosphorus (P = 0.029) were associated with lower B-SIT score in both patients and controls. PD patients had a lower B-SIT score than controls (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The results indicate a higher relative contribution of energy from carbohydrates in PD patients. An association between low protein, folate, magnesium, and phosphorus density of the diet and olfaction was seen in the whole population.
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| 24. |
- Regnell, Simon E., et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal analysis of hepatic transcriptome and serum metabolome demonstrates altered lipid metabolism following the onset of hyperglycemia in spontaneously diabetic BioBreeding rats
- 2017
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 12:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Type 1 diabetes is associated with abberations of fat metabolism before and after the clinical onset of disease. It has been hypothesized that the absence of the effect of insulin in the liver contributes to reduced hepatic fat synthesis. We measured hepatic gene expression and serum metabolites before and after the onset of hyperglycemia in a BioBreeding rat model of type 1 diabetes. Functional pathway annotation identified that lipid metabolism was differentially expressed in hyperglycemic rats and that these pathways significantly overlapped with genes regulated by insulin. 17 serum metabolites significantly changed in concentration. All but 2 of the identified metabolites had previously been reported in type 1 diabetes, and carbohydrates were overall the most upregulated class of metabolites. We conclude that lack of insulin in the liver contributes to the changes in fat metabolism observed in type 1 diabetes. Further studies are needed to understand the clinical consequences of a lack of insulin in the liver in patients with type 1 diabetes.
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| 25. |
- Dahlqvist, Johanna, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Physical findings in the upper airways related to obstructive sleep apnea in men and women.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 127:6, s. 623-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- UNLABELLED: CONCLUSIONS, There are gender differences when it comes to the risk factors for sleep apnea. Large tonsils, a high tongue and a wide uvula are risk factors for sleep apnea in men, while large tonsils and a retrognathic mandible are risk factors in women. Upper airway abnormalities including mandibular retrognathia are, however, unable to predict sleep apnea among snorers being investigated for suspected sleep apnea.OBJECTIVES: To identify gender-specific risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea and the diagnostic performance from physical upper airway examinations among snoring men and women investigated because of suspected sleep apnea.PATIENTS AND METHODS: The dimensions of the uvula, tonsils, velopharynx and tongue, and nasal septal deviation, mandibular position, neck circumference, weight, and height were systematically scored in 801 consecutive snoring patients (596 men and 205 women), who had been referred for a primary sleep apnea recording.RESULTS: In men, large tonsils, a high tongue, and a wide uvula were independent factors associated with an apnea-hypopnea index of >15. In women, large tonsils and mandibular retrognathia were independent factors associated with an apnea-hypopnea index of >15. The positive predictive values for upper airway abnormalities ranged between 0.20 and 0.25 in men and between 0.09 and 0.15 in women.
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| 26. |
- Dapi Nzefa, Léonie, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Socioeconomic and gender differences in adolescents' nutritional status in urban Cameroon, Africa.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nutrition Research. - New York : Elsevier. - 0271-5317 .- 1879-0739. ; 29:5, s. 313-319
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to assess adolescents' nutritional status according to socioeconomic status (SES) and sex using anthropometry in urban Cameroon, Africa. Adolescent boys (n = 248) and girls (n = 333) 12 to 16 years old were recruited from randomly selected schools in a cross sectional study in Yaoundé city and grouped according to SES. Weight, height, skinfold thickness, and circumferences were measured, and body mass index, waist/hip ratio, arm muscle, and arm fat areas were calculated. Stunting, underweight, and overweight were determined using international cutoff points. Adolescents with medium and high SES were less likely to be stunted than adolescents with low SES (odds ratio [OR], 0.40; P < .01). Prevalences of stunting (12%, 6%, and 5%) and underweight (3%, 4%, and 1%) were higher among the adolescents with low and medium SES than those with high SES. Overweight prevalence was high among the adolescents with low (8%), medium (11%), and high (9%) SES. The OR for overweight was higher among girls than boys (OR, 4.13; P < .001). Girls were less likely to be stunted and underweight than boys (OR, 0.29 [P < .001] and OR, 0.20 [P < .01], respectively). Prevalences of stunting (15% and 6%) and underweight (5% and 2%) were higher among boys than girls. Pubescent adolescents were less likely to be stunted than nonpubescent (OR, 0.53; P < .05). Adolescents with low and medium SES were more underweight and stunted than adolescents with high SES. Girls were more overweight, less stunted, and underweight than boys.
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| 27. |
- Franklin, Karl A., 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep apnoea is a common occurrence in females
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 41:3, s. 610-615
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is primarily regarded as a male disorder, presenting with snoring, daytime sleepiness and cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine the frequency of sleep apnoea among females in the general population. We investigated 400 females from a population-based random sample of 10,000 females aged 20-70 yrs. They answered a questionnaire and performed overnight polysomnography. OSA (apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) >= 5) was found in 50% (95% CI 45-55%) of females aged 20-70 yrs. Sleep apnoea was related to age, obesity and hypertension, but not to daytime sleepiness. Severe sleep apnoea (AHI >= 30) was present in 14% (95% CI 8.1-21%) of females aged 55-70 yrs and in 31% (95% CI 12-50%) of obese females with a body mass index of >= 30 kg.m(-2) aged 55-70 yrs. Sleep apnoea with daytime sleepiness and sleep apnoea with hypertension were observed as two different phenotypes of OSA. OSA occurs in 50% of females aged 20-70 yrs. 20% of females have moderate and 6% severe sleep apnoea. Sleep apnoea in females is related to age, obesity and hypertension, but not to daytime sleepiness. When searching for sleep apnoea in females, females with hypertension or obesity should be investigated.
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| 28. |
- Hammarström, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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Mechanisms for the social gradient in health : results from a 14-year follow-up of the northern swedish cohort
- 2011
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Ingår i: Public Health. - London : Academic P.. - 0033-3506 .- 1476-5616. ; 125:9, s. 567-576
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Although numerous studies have demonstrated a socio-economic gradient in health, there is still a lack of research about the mechanisms behind this gradient. The aim of this study was to analyse possible mechanisms from adolescence to adulthood to explain the socio-economic gradient in somatic symptoms among men and women in the Northern Swedish Cohort. Study design: A prospective cohort study was performed, in which all pupils (n = 1083) in the last year of compulsory school were followed for 14 years. The response rate was high, with 96.6% still participating after 14 years. The data were mainly collected through repeated comprehensive self-administered questionnaires.Methods: The main dependent variable was a combination of socio-economic position and somatic health at 30 years of age. Multivariate multinomial and bivariate logistic regression analyses were undertaken.Results: After controlling for parental working-class position and health-related selection, the authors identified mechanisms from adolescence to adulthood for the socio-economic gradient in health that were related to social relations (poor relationship with father and unemployed friends among men, violence among women), labour market experiences (unemployment among men and women, physically heavy work among women), economic hardship (among women) and poor health behaviour.Conclusion: These analyses contribute to the development of epidemiological methods for analysing mechanisms for the socio-economic gradient in health. (C) 2011 The Royal Society for Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 29. |
- Handberg, A, et al.
(författare)
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Soluble CD36 (sCD36) clusters with markers of insulin resistance, and high sCD36 is associated with increased type 2 diabetes risk
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 95:4, s. 1939-1946
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE:Soluble CD36 (sCD36) may be an early marker of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. The objective of this prospective study was to evaluate sCD36 as a predictor of type 2 diabetes and to study its relationship with components of the metabolic syndrome (MetSy).DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND OUTCOME MEASURES:We conducted a case-referent study nested within a population-based health survey. Baseline variables included sCD36, body mass index, blood pressure, blood lipids, adipokines, inflammatory markers, and beta-cell function. A total of 173 initially nondiabetic cohort members who developed type 2 diabetes during 10 yr of follow-up were matched (1:2) with referents. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to hypothesize affiliation of sCD36 to the MetSy components.RESULTS:Doubling of baseline sCD36 increases the odds ratio for diabetes development by 1.24 in the general study population and by 1.45 in the female population (P < 0.025). Comparing upper sCD36 quartiles with lower, odds ratio for diabetes was 4.6 in women (P = 0.001), 3.15 in men (P = 0.011), and 2.6 in obese individuals (P < 0.025). Multivariate analysis shows that sCD36 does not predict diabetes independent of fasting plasma glucose and insulin. Factor analysis of 15 variables generates a six-factor model explaining 66-69% of total variance, where sCD36, body mass index, insulin, proinsulin, and leptin were assigned to the obesity/insulin resistance cluster.CONCLUSIONS:Upper quartile sCD36 is associated with elevated diabetes risk independent of age, gender, and obesity. Baseline sCD36 does not, however, predict diabetes independent of fasting glucose and insulin. sCD36 clusters with important markers of insulin resistance and MetSy that are key predictors of type 2 diabetes.
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| 30. |
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