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Sökning: AMNE:(SOCIAL SCIENCES Business and economics) > (2010-2011) > Linköpings universitet

  • Resultat 51-60 av 264
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51.
  • Holm, Jerker, et al. (författare)
  • Collective Trust Behavior
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS. - : Wiley. - 0347-0520 .- 1467-9442. ; 112:1, s. 25-53
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper investigates trust behavior in situations where decision-makers are large groups and the decision mechanism is collective. Theories from behavioral economics and psychology suggest that trust in such situations may differ from interindividual trust. The experimental results here reveal a large difference in trust but not in trustworthiness between the individual and collective setting. Furthermore, a field experiment captures the determinants of collective trust behavior among two Swedish cohorts. Beliefs about the other group and ones own group are strongly associated with collective trustworthiness and trust behavior.
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52.
  • Holmgren, Johan, 1977- (författare)
  • Putting our money to good use: Can we attract more passengers without increasing subsidies?
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Research in Transportation Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0739-8859 .- 1875-7979. ; 29:1, s. 256-260
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper evaluates the policy of Swedish public transport authorities, determining whether the number of trips on local public transport could have been increased without increasing subsidies. Based on annual data from Swedish counties, the evaluation found that between 1986 and 2001 public transport fares exceeded the passenger-maximising fare most of the time in all but two counties, the average deviation being 1–215%. Evaluating the alternative, passenger-maximising policy, including both fare and service changes for 2001, demonstrated that demand for local public transport in Swedish counties could have been increased by 0–178% without increasing subsidies. Aggregated, this represents a 2.3% increase in the number of trips on local public transport in Sweden.
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53.
  • Slavnic, Zoran, 1957- (författare)
  • POLITICAL ECONOMY OF INFORMALIZATION
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: European Societies. - Abingdon : Routledge. - 1461-6696 .- 1469-8307. ; 12:1, s. 3-23
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This article has two main aims. The first is to problematize the dominant view of the informal economy as a sort of separate economy, related primarily to (immigrant) small business and distinct from the so-called formal economy, which for the most part encompasses big companies as well as state economic activities. In contrast, the present article assumes that all economic actors are increasingly ready to adopt informal economic strategies to secure their economical survival. In line with this assumption, the second aim of the article is to contribute to our knowledge of the causes of, as well as the actors within, the current informalization trends that characterize Western economies. The article concludes that the informalization of contemporary advanced economies in general terms is a result of a structural conflict between new economic trends and old regulatory frameworks. These frameworks, with their focus on decommodification, have become too restrictive for new forms of capital accumulation, with their focus on flexible adaptation, which include an increasing demand for the re-commodification of labour. The conflict emerges and intensifies, among other reasons, because of the radically different internal operational logics, agendas and priorities that characterize these two social processes.
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54.
  • Öhrwall Rönnbäck, Anna, 1969-, et al. (författare)
  • Collaborative Development of Public Information Systems : A Case Study of “Sambruk” e-Services Development
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: eChallenges e-2010 Conference Proceedings. - : IEEE Press. - 9781905824205 ; , s. 1-7
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Today, public e-services provide essential and efficient tools for municipalities to serve their citizens. However, the development can be quite complex, and in order to efficiently develop solutions, municipalities need to collaborate with many actors and stakeholders such as IT-vendors and developers, as well as government agencies. In this paper collaboration with various stakeholders in different scenarios, comprising four different information systems development projects are analysed, and the pro’s and con’s in the various approaches are described. Furthermore, there are important lessons learned and identified in the three alternatives of user involvement in the projects covered in the paper. Sambruk, ie the Swedish Association of Municipalities for Joint Development of eServices, has in several projects challenged the existing near monopolistic market and business models in Sweden by carrying out significant development projects, utilising new approaches in user involvement and setting up a new collaborative arena for Swedish municipalities, working together in creating new e-service solutions.
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55.
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56.
  • Berggren, Christian, et al. (författare)
  • Individual integrators - a key factor for knowledge and innovation in technology-based firms
  • 2010
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Recently the role of individuals in knowledge formation and innovation has been rediscovered by several authors. This paper builds on a study of extra inventive individuals, defined by their high patenting activity, in large technology-based firms to explore the importance of individual inventive activity also for firms in mature industries; to investigate the horizontal practices of these individuals and the role of collaboration; to understand how these horizontal practices permeate vertical innovation structures; and to extend the evolutionary framework on knowledge generation and innovation by adding knowledge integration as a key process, and distinguishing different types of knowledge retention.
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57.
  • Berggren, Christian, 1950-, et al. (författare)
  • Inventors and innovators and knowledge integrators
  • 2011. - 1
  • Ingår i: Knowledge Integration and Innovation. - Oxford, UK : Oxford University Press. - 9780199693924 ; , s. 77-95
  • Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this chapter, we argue that knowledge integration is not just an organizational- and team-level practice but concerns the everyday activities of inventive engineers and researchers involved in development activities. The chapter investigates and illustrates how inventive individuals in non-managerial positions contribute to innovation and knowledge integration. The focus is on inventors who generate ideas and scan new knowledge fields to complement deep knowledge in their own domains in order to turn ideas into new solutions. The chapter illustrates the practices of those innovative individuals, such as combining knowledge across different fields, pursuing individual exploration as well as collaborative search, and participating in formal projects but simultaneously using them as permeable entities to further their own innovative ideas. In this way, the chapter contributes to an understanding of the micro-level of knowledge integration activities in technology-based firms.
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58.
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59.
  • Frykfors, Carl-Otto (författare)
  • Policy and transitions processes in sector systems of innovation and production
  • 2010
  • Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • In the last decades, innovation and innovation processes in industry have been regarded as critical to establishing sustainable economic competitiveness and development-both crucial for societal goals and visions. In the aftermath of the tirst oil crisis in the late 1970s and early 1980s, the influential work by research schalars' has inspired a comprehensive new order in economic research internationally which will be discussed in this thesis. In the frame of that a main interest has been devoted to look upan what characterizes the emergence and  development of an innovation system and the factors that contribute to, but perhaps also limit, the development?As a faundatian for the thesis, three different papers have been written. The tirst paper is a literature review with empirical examples and deals with the roats and long tails of the Swedish model - development of institutionai structures on an aggregated level through seetorai systems of innovation and productian. This paper also describes attempts to trans form and adapt the model to new circumstances at the end of the 1990s and the tirst years of the 21 st century. The second paper describe a foresight model and shows how such a model can be a valuable strategic management tool for renewing goals and cognitive awareness in a local cluster group in a traditional industry. This papet also views the consumer secter from miera and actot perspectives on the programme leve!. In the third paper three an ongoing transition processes and mutual development in three mature branches is studied. The paper presents a system perspective on organisations- and mezzoIevel.The thesis generates tive main conelusions: I) Long-tenn thinking and a nation of "la longue duree" are prerequisites for development of innovation systems. 2) The existence of a reference base and a prehistory constitutes an important platfonn for the emergence of innovation systems. 3) Strong driving forces and intentionalily are fundamental to emerging innovation systems. 4) Institutions and organisations are important instruments of change in the emergence of innovation systems; and 5) Entrepreneurship and management at s!!Uctural and micro levels are important ingredients in an innovation system's development processes. Possible implications ofsome aspects of the conclusions for the Swedish policy landscape are many. One example is the matter of longterm thinking and "la longue duree", which this thesis hopefully has made elear are not synonyms. Long-tenn thinking and temporalily within "la longue duree" are important issues behind successful innovations, change processes, and development processes. Of this. there is an impressive quantity offacts and arguments.
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60.
  • Hobday, Michael, et al. (författare)
  • Lessons and Insights for Managers
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Knowledge Integration and Innovation. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780199693924 ; , s. 277-291
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Technology-based firms continue to compete primarily on innovation, and are continuously required to present new solutions to an exacting market. As technological complexity and specialization intensifies, firms increasingly need to integrate and co-ordinate knowledge by means of project groups, diversified organizations, inter-organizational partnerships, and strategic alliances. Innovation processes have progressively become interdisciplinary, collaborative, inter-organizational, and international, and a firm's ability to synthesize knowledge across disciplines, organizations, and geographical locations has a major influence on its viability and success.This book demonstrates how knowledge integration is crucial in facilitating innovation within modern firms. It provides original, detailed empirical studies of prerequisites, mechanisms, and outcomes of knowledge integration processes on several organizational levels, from key individuals, projects, and internal organizations, to collaboration between firms. It stresses the need to understand knowledge integration as a multi-level phenomenon, which requires a broad repertoire of organizational and technical means. It further clarifies the need for strong internal capabilities for exploiting external knowledge, reveals how costs of knowledge integration affect outcomes and strategic decisions, and discusses the managerial implications of fostering knowledge integration, providing practical guidance and support for managers of knowledge integration in high-technology enterprises.
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