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- Abrahamsson, Fredrik
(författare)
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Strong L1 convergence to equilibrium without entropy conditions for the Boltzmann equation
- 1999
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Ingår i: Communications in Partial Differential Equations. - 0360-5302 .- 1532-4133. ; 24:7-8, s. 1501-1535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main result of this paper is that for the har dsphere kernel, the solution of the spatially homogenous Boltzmann equation converges strongly in L1 to equilibrium given that the initial data f0 belongs to L1(R3,(1+v^2)dv). This was previously known to be true with the additional assumption that f0logf0 belonged to L1(R3), which corresponds to bounded initial entropy.
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- Agrell, Per J., et al.
(författare)
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A Coherent Methodology for Productivity Analysis Employing Integrated Partial Efficiency
- 1996
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Ingår i: International Journal of Production Economics. - 0925-5273 .- 1873-7579. ; 46-47, s. 401-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An activity decomposition methodology with theoretical foundation in the principles of activity control and stated focus of interest in the enterprise value-chain is presented. Characteristics of inputs and outputs are discussed, where a set of non-transformable inputs are defined and motivated. An integrated partial efficiency measure is formulated, compensating for some weaknesses of the Debreu-Farrell technical efficiency concept. Providing a coherent basis for productivity analysis, the IPE approach poses an alternative to e.g. DEA especially in the case of multi-level systems and sparse data. The method is easily communicable in terms of measurement and analysis, and may be extended to complement economic performance assessments and benchmarks.
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- Agrell, Per, J., et al.
(författare)
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An MCDM Framework for Dynamic Systems
- 1996
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Ingår i: International Journal of Production Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-5273 .- 1873-7579. ; 45:1-3, s. 279-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A multi-criteria formulation for continuous and discrete-time dynamic systems is presented. The fundamental problem in the design of dynamic systems is the trade-off between response speed (e.g., the time to reach final value and the raise time) and response smoothness (e.g., the overshoot, the undershoot, and the transient dampening). Separate optimisation of criteria is impossible, thus the problem is inherently multiobjective. In a general dynamic system, this is accomplished by adjusting a number of technical parameters in accordance with some ad hoc practice. Previous multi-criteria approaches have been modelled as weighted sums of criteria, with shortcomings in terms of sensitivity analysis and preference articulation. The proposed framework enables the decision maker to design a most preferred system, with full knowledge of local trade-off ratios in terms of chosen criteria. Combining analytical techniques with simulation, the formulation makes the optimisation process transparent to the decision maker, working entirely in decision space. The framework is demonstrated on a dynamic production-inventory model.
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- Ahlqwist, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Dental status of women in a 24-year longitudinal and cross-sectional study. Results from a population study of women in Göteborg.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 57:3, s. 162-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to describe dental health status among middle-aged and elderly women over a 24-year period. Because of the design of the study it was possible to make both longitudinal and cross-sectional comparisons. The study started in 1968-69 with a combined medical and dental examination of women aged between 38 and 60 years. New dental examinations of these same women were performed in 1980-81 and again in 1992-93, and included new cohorts of 38-year-old women on both occasions. In the cross-sectional perspective, it was shown that the number of edentate individuals decreased significantly during the 24-year period. Among dentate women, the number of remaining teeth and restored teeth increased significantly cross-sectionally. However, the youngest age group, women of 38 years, showed a lower number of restored teeth in the latest study (in 1992-93). There was also a lower number of crowns, root-fillings, and pontics in the latest study for the youngest age group. The two older age groups studied cross-sectionally showed similar numbers in all studies. In the longitudinal study, there was a decrease with time in incidence of edentulism. Among the dentate women in the longitudinal study the number of restored teeth related to those remaining was high (range 76-90%) and did not change much between the studies in the different age groups. There was a clear tendency during the 24-year period in all age groups for more teeth to be restored with crowns rather than different fillings. In conclusion, this population study, with a follow-up of 24 years, shows that dental status improved in that fewer individuals lost all their teeth and younger age groups have more remaining teeth and fewer restorations than previously.
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