| 1. |
- Browall, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Information needs of women with recently diagnosed ovarian cancer - A longitudinal study
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Journal of Oncology Nursing. - : Elsevier. - 1462-3889 .- 1532-2122. ; 8:3, s. 200-207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the information needs among patients with ovarian cancer and whether these information needs change over time. The information needs were evaluated three times, through structured interviews, and were based on the paired comparison approach developed by Degner and colleagues. A consecutive sample of patients (n=82) with recently diagnosed ovarian cancer was asked to participate.Sixty-four patients (78%) chose to participate. The three different measurements of participants' information needs revealed only small changes in these needs. The three most important information needs, in all measurements, were information about the likelihood of cure, information about the stage and spreading of the disease, and information about different treatment options. Information regarding sexual attractiveness was the lowest ranked item in all measurements. Regarding subgroups (age, education) the only significant difference throughout all measurements was that younger patients rated issues of sexual attractiveness higher than older patients (p=0.005).In this longitudinal study patients with ovarian cancer ranked information about the disease and its treatment (i.e. likelihood of cure, stage of disease, and treatment options) highest, and information about psychosocial aspects and self-care lowest. These findings are in accordance with the results from studies of women diagnosed with other types of cancer, which used the same methodology. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Eek, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of distributive goals on choices of allocation principles in a public-good dilemma
- 2004
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Ingår i: Paper presented at “The 10th conference of the international society for justice research (ISJR)”, Regina, Canada.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Extending previous research on the role of fairness in social dilemmas, two experiments investigated allocation preferences in public good dilemmas. In Experiment 1, fairness conceptions were a significant predictor of how participants allocated the public good to their group. Experiment 2 aimed at studying the impact of distributive goals on allocation preferences. Participants were assigned to one of three conditions in which the different goals were induced. As hypothesized, the different goals affected which allocation principle the groups used to allocate the resource. These findings suggest that people in a public good dilemma apply the allocation principle that serves a particular group goal, even though this may interfere with their perceptions of fair allocations
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| 4. |
- Eiben, Gabriele, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Secular trends in diet among elderly Swedes - cohort comparisons over three decades
- 2004
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Ingår i: Public Health Nutrition. ; 7:5, s. 637-644
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Department of Primary Health Care, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Box 454, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden. gabriele.eiben@medfak.gu.se OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare dietary practices among different birth cohorts of 70-year-old Swedes, who were examined between 1971 and 2000. SETTING: Göteborg, Sweden. DESIGN: Four population-based samples of 1360 70-year-olds, born in 1901, 1911, 1922 and 1930, have undergone health examinations and dietary assessments over a period of almost three decades. One-hour diet history (DH) interviews were conducted in 1971, 1981, 1992 and 2000 with a total of 758 women and 602 women. The formats and contents of the dietary examinations were similar over the years. Statistical analysis of linear trends was conducted, using year of examination as the independent variable, to detect secular trends in food and nutrient intakes across cohorts. RESULTS: At the 2000 examination, the majority of 70-year-olds consumed nutritionally adequate diets. Later-born cohorts consumed more yoghurt, breakfast cereals, fruit, vegetables, chicken, rice and pasta than earlier-born cohorts. Consumption of low-fat spread and milk also increased, along with that of wine, light beer and candy. In contrast, potatoes, cakes and sugar were consumed less in 2000 than in 1971. The ratio of reported energy intake to estimated basal metabolic rate did not show any systematic trend over time in women, but showed a significant upward trend in men. CONCLUSIONS: The diet history method has captured changes in food selections in the elderly without changing in general format over three decades. Dietary quality has improved in a number of ways, and these findings in the elderly are consistent with national food consumption trends in the general population. PMID: 15251054 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 6. |
- Enlund, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Altered Notch signaling resulting from expression of a WAMTP1-MAML2 gene fusion in mucoepidermoid carcinomas and benign Warthin's tumors.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Experimental cell research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0014-4827 .- 1090-2422. ; 292:1, s. 21-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chromosome translocations in neoplasia commonly result in fusion genes that may encode either novel fusion proteins or normal, but ectopically expressed proteins. Here we report the cloning of a novel fusion gene in a common type of salivary and bronchial gland tumor, mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC), as well as in benign Warthin's tumors (WATs). The fusion, which results from a t(11;19)(q21-22;p13) translocation, creates a chimeric gene in which exon 1 of a novel gene of unknown function, designated WAMTP1, is linked to exons 2-5 of the recently identified Mastermind-like Notch coactivator MAML2. In the fusion protein, the N-terminal basic domain of MAML2, which is required for binding to intracellular Notch (Notch ICD), is replaced by an unrelated N-terminal sequence from WAMTP1. Mutation analysis of the N-terminus of WAMTP1-MAML2 identified two regions of importance for nuclear localization (amino acids 11-20) and for colocalization with MAML2 and Notch1 ICD in nuclear granules (amino acids 21-42). Analyses of the Notch target genes HES5 and MASH1 in MEC tumors with and without the WAMTP1-MAML2 fusion revealed upregulation of HES5 and downregulation of MASH1 in fusion positive MECs compared to normal salivary gland tissue and MECs lacking the fusion. These findings suggest that altered Notch signaling plays an important role in the genesis of benign and malignant neoplasms of salivary and bronchial gland origin.
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| 7. |
- Gellerstedt, Martin, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Interpretation of subjective symptoms in double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges - interobserver reliability
- 2004
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Ingår i: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 59, s. 354-356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Subjective symptoms after food challenges are difficult to interpret and no standard is available. We discuss a strategy for how to interpret a diary. Furthermore, the interobserver reliability is evaluated. METHODS: Diaries for 32 patients with subjective symptoms were used. The diaries were re-evaluated with a predefined strategy by three independent observers. RESULTS: The proportion of positives was 21.9% among the old diagnoses, according to the new approach 34.4% (observers I and II) and 37.5% (observer III) were positive. The new approach had high interobserver reliability (97 and 100%). CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of positives depends on how subjective symptoms are interpreted. Interpretations of subjective symptoms in diaries could be made with high interobserver reliability.
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| 8. |
- Knutsen Rydberg, Ellen, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Hypoxia increases LDL oxidation and expression of 15-lipoxygenase-2 in human macrophages
- 2004
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Ingår i: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. ; 24:11, s. 2040-2045
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Macrophage-mediated oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) by enzymes, such as the lipoxygenases, is considered of major importance for the formation of oxidized LDL during atherogenesis. Macrophages have been identified in hypoxic areas in atherosclerotic plaques. METHODS AND RESULTS: To investigate the role of hypoxia in macrophage-mediated LDL oxidation, we incubated human monocyte-derived macrophages with LDL under normoxic (21% O2) or hypoxic (0% O2) conditions. The results showed that hypoxic macrophages oxidized LDL to a significantly higher extent than normoxic cells. Interestingly, the mRNA and protein expression of 15-lipoxygenase-2 (15-LOX-2) as well as the activity of this enzyme are elevated in macrophages incubated at hypoxia. Both the unspliced 15-LOX-2 and the spliced variant 15-LOX-2sv-a are found in macrophages. In addition, 15-LOX-2 was identified in carotid plaques in some macrophage-rich areas but was only expressed at low levels in nondiseased arteries. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, these observations show for the first time that 15-LOX-2 is expressed in hypoxic macrophages and in atherosclerotic plaques and suggest that 15-LOX-2 may be one of the factors involved in macrophage-mediated LDL oxidation at hypoxia.
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| 9. |
- Kåberger, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Economic Efficiency of Compulsory Green electricity Quotas In Sweden
- 2004
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Ingår i: Energy and Environment. - : Multi-Science Publishing. - 0958-305X .- 2048-4070. ; 15:4, s. 675-697
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Green certificates are not an efficient as a measure to correct for the effect of environmental external costs of fossil fuels and nuclear power. Nor are they efficient as a measure to create markets for new electricity supply technologies.Removing subsidies and introducing environmental taxes on energy sources with undesired external effects more efficiently corrects for incurred environmental costs. It appears that guaranteed feed-in tariffs are a more efficient policy instrument to promote the industrialisation of technologies for new sustainable sources of electricity.Alternatively, the certificate scheme could be reformed in a number of ways to improve performance. However decisions to change or abolish the instrument cannot be taken lightly since instrument stability is very important for the credibility of future policy.
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| 10. |
- Oldfors, Anders, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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Myopathies associated with myosin heavy chain mutations
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta myologica : myopathies and cardiomyopathies : official journal of the Mediterranean Society of Myology / edited by the Gaetano Conte Academy for the study of striated muscle diseases. - : The Mediterranean Society of Myology. - 1128-2460. ; 23:2, s. 90-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Myosin, a molecular motor, converts chemical energy into mechanical force. The motor domain of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) includes an ATP binding region with ATPase activity and an actin-binding region. Motor function is achieved by conformational changes, at hydrolysis, of ATP causing a shift in the angle between the actin binding head and the rod region of the molecule. The elongated alpha-helical coiled-coil rod region of MyHC molecules constitutes the major part of the thick filaments of the sarcomere. Three major MyHC isoforms are expressed in human skeletal muscle (type I, MYH7, expressed in type 1 fibres; IIa, MYH2, expressed in 2A fibres; IIx, MYH1, expressed in 2B fibres). While mutations in slow/beta cardiac MyHC (MYH7) are a common cause of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, no skeletal myopathies have, until recently, been associated with mutations in MyHC. A heterozygous mutation, Glu706Lys, in the core of the head of MyHC IIa is associated with a familial congenital myopathy, which, in most instances, has shown mild phenotypic expression in children but progressive course in some adults. There is a relationship between the level of expression of mutated MyHC IIa and muscle pathology. Some adults with a progressive course show muscle fibres with rimmed vacuoles and filaments of the type seen in inclusion body myositis/myopathy (IBM). Endurance training in a group of affected patients caused a shift in the expression of myosin from fast (IIx) to slow (I) isoforms but no reduction in the expression of MyHC IIa. A heterozygous mutation, Arg1845Trp, in the distal rod region of slow myosin (type I, MYH7) is associated with familial congenital myopathy, with large deposits of MyHC I in the subsarcolemmal region of type 1 muscle fibres, "Myosin storage myopathy". These patients showed slowly progressive muscle weakness but no overt cardiomyopathy. These two muscle diseases, which are caused by mutations in MyHC, form the basis of a novel entity: "Myosin myopathies".
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