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| 2. |
- Pyykkö, I., et al.
(författare)
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Effect of proprioceptor stimulation on postural stability in patients with peripheral or central vestibular lesion
- 1991
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - 0001-6489. ; 111:1, s. 27-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Body sway in upright stance at rest and after inducing proprioceptor stimulation, elicited by vibration applied to the calf or neck muscles, was studied in 11 patients with peripheral lesion and in 17 patients with central vestibular lesion. The responses were compared with those of 20 normal subjects. Vibratory stimulus was applied at five different frequencies, ranging from 32 to 150 Hz, and at a constant amplitude of 2.1 mm. Postural stability was measured with a force platform in terms of average deviation of body position (ADBP) analyzed in relation to the individual maximum support distance in the anterio-posterior direction. In patients with peripheral vestibular lesion ADBP was moderately increased, compared to normal subjects, when the calf muscles were exposed to vibration under eyes closed conditions (i.e. no visual information available); stimulation of neck muscles both under eyes open and eyes closed conditions and stimulation of calf muscles with open eyes produced an ADBP of the same magnitude as in controls. In patients with central vestibular lesion, proprioceptor stimulation of calf and neck muscles caused increased ADBP whether with eyes open or closed. The ADBP induced by stimulation of neck muscles was significantly greater in patients with a central lesion than in those with a peripheral vestibular lesion. The results indicate that patients with peripheral lesion differ from those with central vestibular lesion in their reaction to proprioceptor stimulus; and that in patients with central vestibular lesion proprioceptor stimulation of the neck muscles produces disproportionately powerful cervico-collic reflexes.
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| 4. |
- Konopik, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Solving the subset sum problem with a nonideal biological computer
- 2021
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Ingår i: New Journal of Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1367-2630. ; 23:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We consider the solution of the subset sum problem based on a parallel computer consisting of self-propelled biological agents moving in a nanostructured network that encodes the computing task in its geometry. We develop an approximate analytical method to analyze the effects of small errors in the nonideal junctions composing the computing network by using a Gaussian confidence interval approximation of the multinomial distribution. We concretely evaluate the probability distribution for error-induced paths and determine the minimal number of agents required to obtain a proper solution. We finally validate our theoretical results with exact numerical simulations of the subset sum problem for different set sizes and error probabilities, and discuss the scalability of the nonideal problem using realistic experimental error probabilities.
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| 5. |
- Pettersson, Karin, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Intersystem Crossing versus Electron Transfer in Porphyrin-Based Donor-Bridge-Acceptor Systems: Influence of a Paramagnetic Species
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5126 .- 0002-7863. ; 126:21, s. 6710-6719
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated how the spin state of an acceptor influences the photophysical processes in a donor-bridge-acceptor (D-B-A) system. The system of choice has zinc porphyrin as the electron donor and high-or low-spin iron(III) porphyrin as the acceptor. The spin state of the acceptor porphyrin is switched simply by coordinating imidazole ligands to the metal center. The D-A center-center distance is 26 Angstrom, and the bridging chromophore varies from g-conjugated to a sigma-bonded system. The presence of a high-spin iron(III) porphyrin in such systems has previously been shown to significantly enhance intersystem crossing in the remote zinc porphyrin donor, whereas no significant electron transfer to the iron porphyrin acceptor was observed, even though the thermodynamics would allow for photoincluced electron transfer. Here, we demonstrate that by switching the acceptor to a low-spin state, the dominating photophysical process is drastically changed; the low-spin system shows long-range electron transfer on the picosecond time-scale, and intersystem crossing occurs at its "normal" rate.
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| 6. |
- Wallerius, Magnus L., et al.
(författare)
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Hook Avoidance Induced by Private and Social Learning in Common Carp
- 2020
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Ingår i: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. - : Wiley. - 0002-8487 .- 1548-8659. ; 149:4, s. 498-511
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is essential for fish to respond appropriately when faced with a threatening situation. Accordingly, fish are able to reduce predation risk through learning. In addition to privately learned experiences, fish can acquire social information about a threat by observing the response of conspecifics and use such public information to adapt future behavior through learning. It is unclear if social learning can also influence the behavioral response of fish when faced with human-induced threats in the form of angling. Using an experimental approach in the laboratory, we examined the influence of private (i.e., direct experience of hooking) and social information on angling vulnerability in Common Carp Cyprinus carpio-a species regularly exposed to catch-and-release angling. Compared with control groups, individuals with direct or social experience of catch-and-release angling expressed significantly elevated hook avoidance behavior during a short-term vulnerability assessment hours after a catch-and-release experience. In the medium-term vulnerability assessment, conducted within days after the threat event, fish with direct hooking experience continued to exhibit decreased angling vulnerability, whereas the social experience of catch and release did not consistently reduce angling vulnerability compared with controls. Yet, in a subsequent trial within days after the threat exposure, we found that fish with direct hooking experience and fish with only social hooking experience were both more cautious towards bait (corn) in the presence of a sham rig (i.e., a hookless rig with bait) than when only exposed to bait without a rig. Collectively, these results indicated that the combined influence of direct and social experience of catch-and-release angling induced a hook avoidance behavior in Common Carp. The extent to which the phenomenon of social hook avoidance learning exists in other recreationally targeted fish species and in the wild deserves further attention because of the potential to affect catch rates and population-level catchability.
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| 7. |
- Beckman, Björn
(författare)
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Trade Unions and Popular Representation : Nigeria and South Africa comperad
- 2010
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Ingår i: Rethinking Popular Representation. - New york and Basingtoke : Palgrave Macmillian. - 9780230621367 - 0230621368
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rethinking Popular Representation starts out from the deep concern with contemporary tendencies towards depoliticisation of public issues and popular interests. It is argued that the root cause of this is flawed representation, due to both elitist institution building and fragmented citizen participation. Hence the book makes a case for the need to rethink more democratic popular representation. Towards this end the book outlines an overarching analytical framework for popular representation, examines key theoretical issues and empirical experiences of popular representation and provides a policy-oriented conclusion.
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| 8. |
- Eriksson, Bo G., 1944
(författare)
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De äldre, människans drömmar och kampen om samhällets arenor
- 1991
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Ingår i: Vad styr Sverige? Samhällsvetenskapliga lärdomar av 100 års utveckling. M. Blomsterberg och G. Therborn (red). - Göteborg : Göteborg University. ; , s. 225-238
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Malm, J, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive impairment in young adults with infratentorial infarcts.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Neurology. - 0028-3878 .- 1526-632X. ; 51:2, s. 433-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To describe cognitive functions and functional outcome in young patients with isolated infratentorial infarcts.BACKGROUND: Contemporary knowledge implies a cerebellar contribution to cognitive behavior. Neuropsychological examination of patients with selective cerebellar lesions provides an opportunity to document the existence and nature of clinically relevant cognitive manifestations from lesions of the cerebellum.METHODS: Prospective case series. The patients were assessed acutely and at 4 and 12 months after onset. Twenty-four patients from a consecutive series of 105 patients aged 18 to 44 years with cerebral infarction had a brain stem or cerebellar infarction. Fourteen age-matched controls were used for neuropsychological comparisons. Evaluation included MRI, angiography, and transesophageal echocardiography. Disability and neurologic dysfunction were assessed by the modified Rankin scale, NIH stroke scale, and maximal working capacity. A comprehensive neuropsychological battery was performed at baseline in 20 of the 24 patients.RESULTS: Eighteen patients had a cerebellar infarct. Two patients had lateral medullary infarcts, and two isolated pontine infarcts. Twenty-two patients had a favorable outcome according to the modified Rankin scale (grade 0-2) and the NIH scale. In contrast, 12 patients were granted full or partial sick leave at the 4 months follow-up, and 10 patients at 12 months. Patients generally performed worse than controls in various aspects of cognitive function, especially in tasks concerning working memory, the temporary storage of complex information, and cognitive flexibility. Measures of verbal IQ (r = -0.74) and performance IQ (r = -0.78) were related to the size of the infarct. The block design task performance in the early poststroke period predicted maximal working capacity at 12 months.CONCLUSIONS: Cerebellar damage impairs central aspects of attention and visuospatial skills. In contrast, intelligence and episodic memory remain unchanged. When the lesion involves large portions of the cerebellar hemispheres, changes concerning broad areas of intelligence may occur. The prognosis is favorable for neurologic dysfunction, but cognitive deficits may prevent return to work.
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| 10. |
- Bordoloi, Unmesh, et al.
(författare)
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The Frame Packing Problem for CAN-FD
- 2014
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Ingår i: <em>Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS 2014), Rome, Italy, Dec. 2-5, 2014.</em>. - : IEEE Press. ; , s. 284-293
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- CAN with flexible data rate (CAN-FD) allows transmission of larger payloads compared to standard CAN. However, efficient utilization of CAN-FD bandwidth space calls for a systematic strategy. The challenge arises from the nature of the frame sizes stipulated by CAN-FD as well as the heterogeneity of the periods of the messages and the signals. In this paper, we formulate a frame packing problem for CAN-FD with the optimization objective of bandwidth utilization while meeting temporal constraints. As part of the solution, first, we propose a formula to compute the best-case and the worst-case transmission times of the CAN-FD frames. Thereafter, we propose a framework that solves the optimization problem in pseudo-polynomial time. Experiments show the gains achieved by our framework. The results also show that, when applied to standard CAN, our heuristic provides improved results over existing techniques.
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