| 1. |
- Ekstrand, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Return to play after thigh muscle injury in elite football players: implementation and validation of the Munich muscle injury classification
- 2013
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Ingår i: British Journal of Sports Medicine. - : BMJ Publishing Group. - 0306-3674 .- 1473-0480. ; 47:12, s. 769-774
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Owing to the complexity and heterogeneity of muscle injuries, a generally accepted classification system is still lacking. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanAims To prospectively implement and validate a novel muscle injury classification and to evaluate its predictive value for return to professional football. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods The recently described Munich muscle injury classification was prospectively evaluated in 31 European professional male football teams during the 2011/2012 season. Thigh muscle injury types were recorded by team medical staff and correlated to individual player exposure and resultant time-loss. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults In total, 393 thigh muscle injuries occurred. The muscle classification system was well received with a 100% response rate. Two-thirds of thigh muscle injuries were classified as structural and were associated with longer lay-off times compared to functional muscle disorders (pandlt;0.001). Significant differences were observed between structural injury subgroups (minor partial, moderate partial and complete injuries) with increasing lay-off time associated with more severe structural injury. Median lay-off time of functional disorders was 5-8 days without significant differences between subgroups. There was no significant difference in the absence time between anterior and posterior thigh injuries. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions The Munich muscle classification demonstrates a positive prognostic validity for return to play after thigh muscle injury in professional male football players. Structural injuries are associated with longer average lay-off times than functional muscle disorders. Subclassification of structural injuries correlates with return to play, while subgrouping of functional disorders shows less prognostic relevance. Functional disorders are often underestimated clinically and require further systematic study.
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| 2. |
- Gustafsson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Hope and athlete burnout : Stress and affect as mediators
- 2013
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Ingår i: Psychology of Sport And Exercise. - : Elsevier. - 1469-0292 .- 1878-5476. ; 14:5, s. 640-649
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveIn this study we examined the relationship between trait hope and burnout in elite junior soccer players and whether stress and positive and negative affect mediated this relationship.MethodsParticipants were 238 Swedish soccer players (166 males, 71 females; one did not indicate gender) aged 15–19 years who completed questionnaires measuring trait hope, perceived stress, positive and negative affect, and athlete burnout (i.e., emotional/physical exhaustion, a reduced sense of accomplishment, and sport devaluation).ResultsBivariate correlations were consistent with hope theory contentions indicating significant negative relationships between hope and all three burnout dimensions. The relationship between hope and emotional/physical exhaustion was fully mediated by stress and positive affect. For sport devaluation and reduced sense of accomplishment, stress and positive affect partially mediated the relationship with hope. In contrast, negative affect did not mediate the relationship between hope and any of the burnout dimensions.ConclusionThe results support earlier findings that hope is negatively related to athlete burnout. Support was also found for the hypothesis that high hope individuals would experience less stress and therefore less burnout. Promoting hope may be relevant in reducing the likelihood of this detrimental syndrome.
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| 4. |
- Holmberg, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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Skiing efficiency versus performance in double-poling ergometry
- 2013
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Ingår i: Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1025-5842 .- 1476-8259. ; 16:9, s. 987-992
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is on how leg utilisation may affect skiing efficiency andperformance in double-poling ergometry. Three experiments wereconducted, each with a different style of the double-poling technique:traditional with small knee range-of-motion and fixed heels (TRAD);modern with large knee range-of-motion and fixed heels (MOD1) and modernwith large knee range-of-motion and free heels (MOD2). For each style,motion data were extracted with automatic marker recognition ofreflective markers and applied to a 3D full-body musculoskeletalsimulation model. Skiing efficiency (skiing work divided by metabolicmuscle work) and performance (forward impulse) were computed from thesimulation output. Skiing efficiency was 4.5%, 4.1% and 4.1% for TRAD,MOD1 and MOD2, respectively. Performance was 111, 143 and 149Ns forTRAD, MOD1 and MOD2, respectively. Thus, higher lower body utilisationincreased the performance but decreased the skiing efficiency. Theseresults demonstrate the potential of musculoskeletal simulations forskiing efficiency estimations.
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| 5. |
- Lundqvist, Carolina, et al.
(författare)
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Directional anxiety responses in elite and sub-elite young athletes : Intensity of anxiety symptoms matter
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 21:6, s. 853-862
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective was to examine the differences in anxiety ratings of elite and sub‐elite athletes when the relationship between intensity and direction scores of anxiety ratings is considered in analyses. Participants were 31 junior elite (Mean age: 17.7, SD=1.1) and 53 sub‐elite (Mean age: 17.5, SD=1.1) cross country skiers and swimmers who completed the direction modified CSAI‐2R before important competitions. Results showed that elite athletes rated a higher percent of items as facilitative to their performance whereas sub‐elite athletes rated a higher percent of items as debilitative. No significant differences between the elite and sub‐elite samples were displayed regarding rated direction scores of cognitive or somatic anxiety at moderate to high‐intensity levels. A significant difference in facilitative anxiety ratings was displayed at a low anxiety intensity level (Z=−2.20, P<0.05). Outcome performance data showed no consistent congruence with athletes' anxiety direction ratings. The findings suggest that facilitative direction scores are a consequence of low anxiety intensity, possibly combined with high self‐confidence levels. Directional anxiety researchers analyzing separate total scores of intensity and direction respectively, which is the traditional approach, may draw incorrect conclusions about the importance of facilitative ratings of anxiety symptoms.
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| 6. |
- Lundqvist, Carolina, et al.
(författare)
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Positive emotions are not simply the absence of the negative ones : Development and validation of the Emotional Recovery Questionnaire (EmRecQ)
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Sport psychologist. - : Human Kinetics Publishers Inc.. - 0888-4781 .- 1543-2793. ; 24, s. 468-488
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to psychometrically evaluate the Emotional Recovery Questionnaire (EmRecQ) and to describe athletes’ individual response patterns in five repeated assessments using the EmRecQ. Three samples were used. Samples 1 and 2 consisted of 192 and 379 (Mean age 16.4 years, SD = 0.7 and Mean age: 17.0 years, SD = 1.1) elite athletes from different sports. The third sample consisted of 20 (Mean age: 21.3, SD = 19.0) female elite basketball players. The EmRecQ is a 22-item questionnaire that assesses Happiness, Security, Harmony, Love, and Vitality. Results showed acceptable weighted omega reliability and construct reliability. Confirmatory factor analyses supported the a priori specified five-factor correlated model. Case profiles of repeated assessments revealed individual response patterns of the separate EmRecQ subscales that corresponded well with rated training load and total quality of recovery. The findings provide support for the EmRecQ’s psychometric properties and applied usefulness.
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| 7. |
- Lundqvist, Carolina
(författare)
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Well-being in competitive sports – the feel-good factor? : A review of conceptual considerations in well-being research
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology. - : Routledge. - 1750-984X .- 1750-9858. ; 4:2, s. 109-127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper summarizes the topic of well-being as it applies to competitive athletes, with a particular focus on definitional and conceptual issues. Established definitions within research on human happiness and flourishing based on the hedonic and eudaimonic perspectives are contrasted against definitions applied within sport psychology. The majority of the reviewed sport psychology studies either failed to define well-being or used a variety of labels to describe the construct (e.g., subjective well-being, psychological well-being, mental well-being). A large number of assessments have been used to assess well-being among athletes, but most were applied with only a weak theoretical rationale and did not distinguish between well-being at the global and sport levels. It is concluded that well-being studies within sport psychology have been hampered by conceptual ambiguity, which makes it difficult to compare results across studies and generalize findings in order to develop a sound theoretical base of knowledge. Future research needs to more explicitly define the conceptual framework of well-being and the level (global or context-specific) on which the construct is investigated. Toward this goal, an integrated model is presented to provide a conceptual well-being structure in sport studies, and future directions for research are discussed.
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