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| 2. |
- Linnér, Bengt
(författare)
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Skolan, barnafödandet och historien
- 2002
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Ingår i: Sydsvenska dagbladet. - : Sydsvenska dagbladet. - 1104-0068.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Artikeln handlar om vilken typ av kunskap som ska förhandlas som kan konstrueras i en undervisningssituation
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| 5. |
- Rikte, Sten
(författare)
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Modes of propagation of electromagnetic pulses in open dispersive circular waveguides
- 2001
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Modes of propagation of electromagnetic pulses in open circular waveguides are investigated systematically. Core and cladding both consist of simple (linear, homogeneous, isotropic), dispersive materials modeled by temporal convolution with physically sound susceptibility kernels. Under these circumstances, pulses cannot propagate along the guide unless the sum of the (first) initial derivatives of the electric and magnetic susceptibility kernels of the medium in the core is less than the corresponding sum for the medium in the cladding. Only a finite number of pulse modes can be excited, and relevant temporal Volterra integral equations of the second kind for these modes are derived. A theory of functions of integral operators is developed in order to obtain the results.
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| 6. |
- Roh, Hyung-Keun
(författare)
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Drug metabolic capacity in Koreans : CYP2D6 & CYP2C19 pheno- and genotype relationships in healthy volunteers and in patients
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis aimed to investigate the relationship between pheno- and genotype of two drugmetabolizing enzymes CYP2D6 and CYYP2C19 in Koreans. Population studies were conducted in healthy volunteers to obtain basic information on these two enzymes. Haloperidol and risperidone were used in psychiatric patients for evaluating the steady state plasma concentrations in relation to the CYP2D6 genotypes. The CYP2C19 genotypes related to pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of omeprazole were also studied in patients with acid related diseases after repeated doses. One hundred and fifty-two healthy Korean volunteers were phenotyped with debrisoquine and the metabolic ratio (MR) varied between 0.09 and 6.3, and all were thus extensive metabolizers. The allele frequency of CYP2D6*10 was 0.51 in this Korean population. The MRs of the CYP2D6*1/*1, *1/*10 and *10/*10 genotype groups were significantly different (p<0.0001; Kruskal-Wallis test). It was confirmed that the CYP2D6*10 allele is the major cause of diminished CYP2D6 capacity in Koreans. Omeprazole (20mg orally) was given to 103 healthy Korean subjects and blood was taken 3 h after administration. The plasma omeprazole MRs (omeprazole/hydroxyomeprazole) were bimodally distributed. 13 subjects (12.6%) were identified as poor metabolizers with MR of 6.95 or higher. Allele frequencies of CYP2C19*2 and *3 were 21% and 12%, respectively. The distributions of the omeprazole MRs significantly depend on CYP2C19 genotype status (p<0.0001). One hundred and twenty Korean schizophrenic patients treated with various, clinically determined, doses of haloperidol (range 3-60, median 20mg/day) in monotherapy were recruited. The concentrations normalized for dose (C/D) of haloperidol in patients with daily doses less than 20mg were significantly different between the CYP2D6*1/*1, *1/*10 and *10/*10 genotype groups (One-way ANOVA; p=0.003). However, no difference was found at higher doses. These results suggest the involvement of CYP2D6 in the metabolism of haloperidol at low doses of haloperidol (<20mg daily), while another enzyme, probably CYP3A4, is the most important one at higher doses. 82 Korean schizophrenic patients in monotherapy with oral doses of risperidone from 1 to 8mg/day (mean±SD 4.3±1.9; median 4) were also recruited. The median C/Ds of risperidone showed a statistically significant difference between CYP2D6*1/*1, *1/*10 and *10/*10 groups (Kruskal-Wallis test; p<0.001). For 9-hydroxyrisperidone, an active metabolite, the corresponding median C/Ds were not significantly different between the genotypes (p=0.54). The active moieties (sum of the C/Ds of risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone) were not significantly different between the genotypes (p=0.063). This suggests that the clinical significance of this polymorphism seems to be limited in the case of risperidone. 26 Korean patients with acid related diseases were randomly recruited. The allele frequencies of CYP2C19*2 and *3 Were 35% and 23%, respectively, which are higher than those in the healthy Korean volunteer study. After 8 consecutive doses of 20mg omeprazole, the gastric pH and the plasma gastrin increased significantly in all three CYP2C19 genotypes, which was related to high plasma concentrations of omeprazole. This suggests that repeated "normal" doses of proton pump inhibitors might increase the gastric pH too much in Koreans, in all three CYP2C19 genotype groups. The CYP2D6*10, CYP2C19*2 and *3 alleles are confirmed to be important for both metabolism and clinical effects of drugs in Koreans. Although the genotypes can predict the activity of CYP2D6 and CYP2C19, the clinical importance is limited, when the enzyme is saturated at high dose as in the case of haloperidol and when active metabolites are formed as in the case of risperidone. Interethnic differences in drug metabolic capacity ought to be considered even when usual doses are used as in the case of omeprazole in Korean patients with acid related disorders.
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| 8. |
- Al-Yahri, Omer, et al.
(författare)
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First ever case report of co-occurrence of hobnail variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma and intrathyroid parathyroid adenoma in the same thyroid lobe
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Surgery Case Reports. - : Elsevier. - 2210-2612. ; 70, s. 40-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The hobnail variant of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is rare. Intrathyroid parathyroid adenoma (ITPA) is also rare. Co-ocurrence of PTC and ITPA in the same thyroid lobe is extremely rare. Likewise, primary hyperparathyroidism with such non-medullary thyroid carcinoma is rare. The specific molecular profile of hobnail PTC (HPTC) is different from the classic, poorly differentiated and anaplastic variants and may contribute to its aggressive behavior. HPTC's genetic profile remains unclear. Presentation of case: A 61-year-old woman presented to our endocrine clinic with generalized aches, bone pain, polyuria, and right neck swelling of a few months’ duration. Laboratory findings revealed hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism. Ultrasound of the neck showed 4.6 cm complex nodule within the right thyroid lobe. Sestamibi scan suggested parathyroid adenoma in the right thyroid lobe. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) revealed atypical follicular lesion of undetermined significance. She underwent right lobectomy, which normalized the intraoperative intact parathyroid hormone levels. Final pathology with immunohistochemical stains demonstrated HPTC and IPTA (2 cm each). Next-generation sequencing investigated the mutation spectrum of HPTC and detected BRAFV600E mutation. Conclusions: A parathyroid adenoma should not exclude the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid evaluation is needed for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism to prevent missing concurrent thyroid cancers. Cytomorphologic features to distinguish thyroid from parathyroid cells on FNA cytology must be considered. Immunohistochemical stains are important. BRAFV600E is the most common mutation in HPTC. This is possibly the first reported case of HPTC and ITPA co-occurring within the same thyroid lobe. Studies that define other molecular abnormalities may be useful as therapeutic targets. © 2020 The Author(s)
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| 9. |
- Dorthé, Lotti
(författare)
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Studenternas galleri på Malmö högskola
- 2008
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Ingår i: DF-revy. - : Danmarks Forskningsbiblioteksforening. - 0106-0503 .- 1901-1903. ; 31:7, s. 8-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Studenternas galleri är ett samarbete mellan Malmö högskolas bibliotek och Studentkåren Malmö. Artikeln beskriver arbetet med att planera en konstutställningsverksamhet i biblioteket, från idéskiss till första vernissage. Galleriet ställer ut verk av konstutövande studenter vid Malmö högskola och är ett av rummen i konceptet "the library as a village".
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| 10. |
- Khalil, M., et al.
(författare)
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Neurofilaments as biomarkers in neurological disorders
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Reviews Neurology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1759-4758 .- 1759-4766. ; 14:10, s. 577-589
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuroaxonal damage is the pathological substrate of permanent disability in various neurological disorders. Reliable quantification and longitudinal follow-up of such damage are important for assessing disease activity, monitoring treatment responses, facilitating treatment development and determining prognosis. The neurofilament proteins have promise in this context because their levels rise upon neuroaxonal damage not only in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) but also in blood, and they indicate neuroaxonal injury independent of causal pathways. First-generation (immunoblot) and second-generation (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) neurofilament assays had limited sensitivity. Third-generation (electrochemiluminescence) and particularly fourth-generation (single-molecule array) assays enable the reliable measurement of neurofilaments throughout the range of concentrations found in blood samples. This technological advancement has paved the way to investigate neurofilaments in a range of neurological disorders. Here, we review what is known about the structure and function of neurofilaments, discuss analytical aspects and knowledge of age-dependent normal ranges of neurofilaments and provide a comprehensive overview of studies on neurofilament light chain as a marker of axonal injury in different neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis, neurodegenerative dementia, stroke, traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson disease. We also consider work needed to explore the value of this axonal damage marker in managing neurological diseases in daily practice.
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