| 41. |
- Norberg, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Work stress and low emotional support is associated with increased risk of future type 2 diabetes in women
- 2007
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Ingår i: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-8227 .- 1872-8227. ; 76:3, s. 368-377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A case-referent study nested within a population-based health survey investigated the associations between psychosocial stress, such as work stress and low emotional support, and future development of type 2 diabetes among occupationally working middle-aged men and women. All participants in a health survey conducted during 1989-2000 (n=33,336) in Umeå in northern Sweden, were included. We identified 191 cases, who were not diabetic initially but were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes after 5.4+/-2.6 years. Two age- and sex-matched referents were selected for each case. Multivariate logistic regression analyses and interaction effects between variables were evaluated.In women, passive or tense working situations were associated with future type 2 diabetes with odds ratios 3.6 (95% confidence interval 1.1-11.7) and 3.6 (1.0-13.3), respectively, and also low emotional support 3.0 (1.3-7.0). These associations were not seen in men. In women, they remained after adjustment for BMI, civil status and educational level, and there were also tendencies for interactions between work stress and low emotional support.In conclusion, work stress and low emotional support may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes in women, but not in men. These findings contribute to our understanding of psychosocial stress as potential risk factors for type 2 diabetes in a Swedish population.
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| 42. |
- Redestig, Henning, et al.
(författare)
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Compensation for systematic cross-contribution improves normalization of mass spectrometry based metabolomics data
- 2009
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Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - Washington : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 81:19, s. 7974-7980
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most mass spectrometry based metabolomics studies are semiquantitative and depend on efficient normalization techniques to suppress systematic error. A common approach is to include isotope-labeled internal standards (ISs) and then express the estimated metabolite abundances relative to the IS. Because of problems such as insufficient chromatographic resolution, however, the analytes may directly influence estimates of the IS, a phenomenon known as cross-contribution (CC). Normalization using ISs that suffer from CC effects will cause significant loss of information if the interfering analytes are associated with the studied factors. We present a novel normalization algorithm, which compensates for systematic CC effects that can be traced back to a linear association with the experimental design. The proposed method was found to be superior at purifying the signal of interest compared to current normalization methods when applied to two biological data sets and a multicomponent dilution mixture. Our method is applicable to data from randomized and designed experiments that use ISs to monitor the systematic error.
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| 43. |
- Renberg, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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A metabolomic approach to study major metabolite changes during acclimation to limiting CO2 in chlamydomonas reinhardtii
- 2010
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Ingår i: Plant Physiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 154:1, s. 187-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-time of flight technique, we determined major metabolite changes during induction of the carbon-concentrating mechanism in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In total, 128 metabolites with significant differences between high-and low-CO2-grown cells were detected, of which 82 were wholly or partially identified, including amino acids, lipids, and carbohydrates. In a 24-h time course experiment, we show that the amino acids serine and phenylalanine increase transiently while aspartate and glutamate decrease after transfer to low CO2. The biggest differences were typically observed 3 h after transfer to low-CO2 conditions. Therefore, we made a careful metabolomic examination at the 3-h time point, comparing low-CO2 treatment to high-CO2 control. Five metabolites involved in photorespiration, 11 amino acids, and one lipid were increased, while six amino acids and, interestingly, 21 lipids were significantly lower. Our conclusion is that the metabolic pattern during early induction of the carbon-concentrating mechanism fit a model where photorespiration is increasing.
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| 44. |
- Sahlin, Carin, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Cheyne-Stokes respiration and supine dependency
- 2005
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 25:5, s. 829-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 45. |
- Sahlin, Carin, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep in women : normal values for sleep stages and position and the effect of age, obesity, sleep apnea, smoking, alcohol and hypertension
- 2009
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Ingår i: Sleep Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 1389-9457 .- 1878-5506. ; 123:10, s. 1025-1030
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To define normal values for total sleep time, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, sleep stages and sleeping positions in women and to investigate how sleep is affected by age, obesity, sleep apnea, smoking, alcohol dependency and hypertension.Methods: In a population-based study, 400 Swedish women aged 20-70 years were investigated using overnight in-home polysomnography.Results: The mean normal total sleep time was 392 minutes, sleep latency 22 minutes and sleep efficiency 82%. Women spent 31 minutes in sleep stage 1, 244 minutes in stage 2, 41 minutes in stage 3-4 and 76 minutes in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. They spent 41% of their sleep time in the supine position, 50% in the lateral position and 9% in the prone position. Multivariate analyses revealed that sleep efficiency was lower in older women and in women with hypertension. Sleep latency was short in women with severe sleep apnea and long in smokers, alcohol-dependent and hypertensive women. Total sleep time was long in severe sleep apnea. Sleep stage 3-4 was inversely related to age and body-mass index. Less REM sleep occurred in alcohol-dependent women. Women younger than 45 years old slept a mean of 42% in the lateral position while women of 45 years and older slept 57% in the lateral position (p<0.001).Conclusions: In this population-based study of women, we present normal values for sleep stages and sleeping position. We conclude that age, body-mass index, obstructive sleep apnea, smoking, alcohol and hypertension reduce sleep quality. With age, women spend more time sleeping in the lateral position.
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| 46. |
- Santosa, Ailiana, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-sectional survey of sexual dysfunction and quality of life among older people in Indonesia
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Sexual Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 1743-6095 .- 1743-6109. ; 8:6, s. 1594-1602
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. The burden of sexual dysfunction among older people in many low- and middle-income countries is not well known. Understanding sexual dysfunction among older people and its impact on quality of life is essential in the design of appropriate health promotion programs.Aims. To assess levels of sexual function and their association with quality of life while controlling for different sociodemographic determinants and chronic diseases among men and women over 50 years of age in rural Indonesia.Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Purworejo District, Central Java, Indonesia in 2007. The study involved 14,958 men and women over 50 years old. The association between sexual dysfunction and quality of life after controlling for potential confounders (e.g., sociodemographic determinants and self-reported chronic diseases) was analyzed by multivariable logistic regression.Main Outcome Measures. Self-reported quality of life.Results. Older men more commonly reported sexual activity, and sexual problems were more common among older women. The majority of older men and women reported their quality of life as good. Lack of sexual activity, dissatisfaction in sexual life, and presence of sexual problems were associated with poor self-reported quality of life in older men after adjustment for age, marital status, education, and history of chronic diseases. A presence of sexual problems was the only factor associated with poor self-reported quality of life in women. Being in a marital relationship might buffer the effect of sexual problems on quality of life in men and women.Conclusion. Sexual dysfunction is associated with poor quality of life among older people in a rural Javanese setting. Therefore, promotion of sexual health should be an integral part of physical and mental health campaigns in older populations.
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| 47. |
- van Dijk, Laura J. A., 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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Single, but not dual, attack by a biotrophic pathogen and a sap-sucking insect affects the oak leaf metabolome
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Plant Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-462X. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plants interact with a multitude of microorganisms and insects, both below- and above ground, which might influence plant metabolism. Despite this, we lack knowledge of the impact of natural soil communities and multiple aboveground attackers on the metabolic responses of plants, and whether plant metabolic responses to single attack can predict responses to dual attack. We used untargeted metabolic fingerprinting (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, GC-MS) on leaves of the pedunculate oak, Quercus robur, to assess the metabolic response to different soil microbiomes and aboveground single and dual attack by oak powdery mildew (Erysiphe alphitoides) and the common oak aphid (Tuberculatus annulatus). Distinct soil microbiomes were not associated with differences in the metabolic profile of oak seedling leaves. Single attacks by aphids or mildew had pronounced but different effects on the oak leaf metabolome, but we detected no difference between the metabolomes of healthy seedlings and seedlings attacked by both aphids and powdery mildew. Our findings show that aboveground attackers can have species-specific and non-additive effects on the leaf metabolome of oak. The lack of a metabolic signature detected by GC-MS upon dual attack might suggest the existence of a potential negative feedback, and highlights the importance of considering the impacts of multiple attackers to gain mechanistic insights into the ecology and evolution of species interactions and the structure of plant-associated communities, as well as for the development of sustainable strategies to control agricultural pests and diseases and plant breeding.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Ekman, Inger, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring shortness of breath in heart failure (SOB-HF): development and validation of a new dyspnoea assessment tool
- 2011
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Ingår i: European journal of heart failure. - : Wiley. - 1388-9842 .- 1879-0844. ; 13:8, s. 838-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim To validate a previously developed instrument for measurement of breathlessness in patients with acute heart failure (HF). METHODS AND RESULTS: We tested descriptors of breathlessness among 190 patients seeking care at the emergency department (ED) for acute shortness of breath. Out of 115 patients with confirmed HF, 107 (94%) had dyspnoea as their main symptom. There were no significant differences between those patients with HF and those who were not diagnosed as heart failure (NHF) (n = 75) in the descriptors of breathlessness, although patients with HF scored significantly (P = 0.03) higher on a visual analogue scale (VAS). In addition, they had significantly (P = 0.03) higher breathing frequency than NHF patients and they were significantly (P < 0.001) more likely to be treated with >40 mg furosemide. CONCLUSION: Assessment of acute dyspnoea using a VAS is useful in distinguishing HF from NHF, and may be a more valid approach as compared with using descriptors of intensity of breathlessness in the acute setting.
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