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Sökning: swepub > Umeå universitet > Refereegranskat > (2000-2004) > Tidskriftsartikel

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61.
  • Naumburg, Estelle, et al. (författare)
  • Supplementary oxygen and risk of childhood lymphatic leukaemia
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 91, s. 1328-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIM: Childhood leukaemia has been linked to several factors, such as asphyxia and birthweight, which in turn are related to newborn resuscitation. Based on the findings from a previous study a population-based case-control study was performed to investigate the association between childhood leukaemia and exposure to supplementary oxygen and other birth-related factors.METHODS: Children born in Sweden and diagnosed with lymphatic leukaemia between 1973 and 1989 (578 cases) were individually matched by gender and date of birth to a randomly selected control. Children with Down's syndrome were excluded. Exposure data were blindly gathered from antenatal, obstetric and other standardized medical records. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated by conditional logistic regression.RESULTS: Resuscitation with 100% oxygen with a facemask and bag immediately postpartum was significantly associated with an increased risk of childhood lymphatic leukaemia (OR = 2.57, 95% Cl 1.21-6.82). The oxygen-related risk further increased if the manual ventilation lasted for 3 min or more (OR = 3.54, 95% CI 1.16-10.80). Low Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min were associated with a non-significantly increased risk of lymphatic leukaemia. There were no associations between lymphatic leukaemia and supplementary oxygen later in the neonatal period or other birth-related factors.CONCLUSION: Resuscitation with 100% oxygen immediately postpartum is associated with childhood lymphatic leukaemia, but further studies are warranted to confirm the findings.
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62.
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63.
  • Nordgren, Camilla, et al. (författare)
  • Societal services after traumatic spinal cord injury in Sweden
  • 2003
  • Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 35:3, s. 121-126
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: Societal services after traumatic spinal cord injury in Sweden were investigated, including self-rated levels of satisfaction with the application process and resource allocation.DESIGN: Survey of an incidence population.SUBJECTS: Thirty-four persons of a total regional incidence population (n = 48) with traumatic spinal cord injury.METHODS: Structured interviews using a standardized questionnaire.RESULTS: About 25 separate services were identified being available for persons with traumatic spinal cord injury. The average number of applications per person was 5 (range 0-11). The most common service was "transportation service". Of the applications, 17% were partially or totally rejected. Most subjects received information about available services from a social worker. For 13 available services at least 1 subject claimed ignorance about its existence.CONCLUSIONS: In Sweden, significant resources are allocated for allowing independence and financial compensation for individuals with traumatic spinal cord injury. However, this support system sometimes also results in frustration and disappointment. Insufficient information and co-ordination are reported as weaknesses. The persons' efforts to acquire knowledge of how the system works take time which could be better used for rehabilitation and full integration into the community.
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64.
  • Nordström, Henrik, et al. (författare)
  • Microarray technology for identification and distinction of hantaviruses.
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - : Wiley. - 0146-6615 .- 1096-9071. ; 72:4, s. 646-655
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • DNA microarrays combine high-precision technology with advanced molecular biology to achieve high-throughput screening of DNA fragments. In this study, we investigated the potential of the cDNA microarray technique to identify and discriminate PCR derived amplicons from genetically highly similar viruses. The wide range of sequence variation among hantaviruses makes them suitable as a model for this purpose. The hantaviruses, carried by rodents, cause several hundred thousand cases of severe human disease every year in many parts of the world. A hantavirus-specific microarray, including DNA fragments from 12 viral isolates of six different hantaviruses, was designed. The S and M genome segments were represented by 500-nucleotide overlapping and 250-nucleotide non-overlapping fragments. A considerable ability to distinguish between different hantaviruses was demonstrated using a novel analysis method. Even different isolates of a single virus, were identified correctly despite 90% sequence similarity. The distinction ability was accompanied by a tolerance for smaller sequence differences, which makes the microarray suitable for testing samples containing unknown viruses. Viral genetic material found in samples from the lungs of bank voles caught in the wild was identified precisely, which demonstrated further the potential for this technology.
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65.
  • Norrbrink Budh, C, et al. (författare)
  • Gender related differences in pain in spinal cord injured individuals.
  • 2003
  • Ingår i: Spinal Cord. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1362-4393 .- 1476-5624. ; 41:2, s. 122-8
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • STUDY DESIGN: Out of a population of 456 patients with spinal cord injuries (SCI), 130 having pain were selected after matching, based on gender, age, American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment grade and level of lesion.OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether gender differences with regard to pain perception and prevalence exist in a population of patients following spinal cord injury.SETTING: Spinalis SCI Unit (out-patient clinic), Stockholm, Sweden.METHOD: 130 patients suffering from pain were assessed over a 12-month period in a yearly health control.RESULTS: SCI women had a higher prevalence of nociceptive pain than men and their use of analgesics was greater. However, no differences between the sexes could be seen regarding pain and localization, onset, distribution, factors affecting pain, number of painful body regions, pain descriptors, ratings of pain intensities or in pain and life satisfaction.CONCLUSION: This study showed that SCI men and women describe their pain very similarly. However, SCI women had a higher prevalence of nociceptive pain than men and their use of opiates and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was greater.
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66.
  • Onischenko, Evgeny A, et al. (författare)
  • Annulate Lamellae Play Only a Minor Role in the Storage of Excess Nucleoporins in Drosophila Embryos
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Traffic. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 1398-9219 .- 1600-0854. ; 5:3, s. 152-164
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), multiprotein assemblies embedded in the nuclear envelope, conduct nucleo-cytoplasmic traffic of macromolecules. Mimics of NPCs, called annulate lamellae pore complexes (ALPCs), are usually found in cytoplasmic membranous stacks in oocytes and early embryonic cells. They are believed to constitute storage compartments for excess premade nucleoporins. To evaluate the extent to which ALPCs store nucleoporins in early embryonic cells we took advantage of syncytial Drosophila embryos, containing both AL and rapidly proliferating nuclei in the common cytoplasm. Electron microscopic morphometric analysis showed that the number of ALPCs did not decrease to compensate for the growing number of NPCs during syncytial development. We performed Western blot analysis to quantify seven different nucleoporins and analyzed their intraembryonal distribution by confocal microscopy and subcellular fractionation. Syncytial embryos contained a large maternally contributed stockpile of nucleoporins. However, even during interphases, only a small fraction of the excess nucleoporins was assembled into ALPCs, whereas the major fraction was soluble and contained at least one phosphorylated nucleoporin. We conclude that in Drosophila embryos ALPCs play only a minor role in storing the excess maternally contributed nucleoporins. Factors that may prevent nucleoporins from assembly into ALPCs are discussed.
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67.
  • Ottosson, Hans, et al. (författare)
  • Cross-system concordance of personality disorder diagnoses of DSM-IV and diagnostic criteria for research of ICD-10.
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Journal of personality disorders. - : Guilford Publications. - 0885-579X. ; 16, s. 283-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim in this study was to examine the cross-system concordance between the personality disorders (PDs) of DSM-IV and Diagnostic Criteria for Research of ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders, 10th rev. (ICD-10) PD diagnoses were made by a structured interview in a clinical psychiatric sample of 138 individuals. Both categorical and dimensional scores for each PD were established. The frequency of patients with a PD diagnosis on either classification who were also positive on the other varied from 26% for the schizoid PDs to 88% for the histrionic PDs. The chance-corrected agreement (Cohen's kappa) ranged from .37 to .94. The dimensional correlation (Pearson's r) between pairs of PD criteria sets was in the range of .79 to .98. In conclusion, when analyzed categorically, some of the PDs of DSM-IV and ICD-10-DCR were only moderately concordant. The reasons appear to be different criteria formulations and arbitrary thresholds for diagnoses. In contrast to categorical diagnoses, dimensional agreement was high, implicating similar trait-concept definitions. The least concordant pair of PD was antisocial (DSM-IV)-dissocial (ICD-10).
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68.
  • Pundziute-Lyckå, Auste, et al. (författare)
  • Diet, growth, and the risk for type 1 diabetes in childhood : a matched case-referent study.
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Diabetes Care. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0149-5992 .- 1935-5548. ; 27:12, s. 2784-9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To study the association between type 1 diabetes risk and previous intake of energy, accounting for body size and previous intake of nutrients and foods, accounting for the energy intake. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted an incident population-based case-referent study in Stockholm, Sweden, including 99 of 100 eligible 7- to 14-year-old diabetic children and 180 of 200 age-, sex-, and area-matched referent children identified through the Swedish population register. Average daily energy and nutrient intake 1 year before diabetes diagnosis/interview was estimated using the food frequency questionnaire with assessment of consumed food amounts. Mean SD scores of growth measurements taken during the last 4 years before the diagnosis were used. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated by conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Average intake of energy, carbohydrate, fat, and protein was significantly higher among the case subjects as well as mean weight-for-age SD score. Higher energy intake and weight-for-age were both associated with increased diabetes risk after adjustment for each other: OR (95% CI) for medium and high levels of energy intake were 1.33 (0.52-3.42) and 5.23 (1.67-16.38), respectively, and for weight-for-age were 3.20 (1.30-7.88) and 3.09 (1.16-8.22), respectively. High intake of carbohydrates, especially disaccharides and sucrose, increased diabetes risk. CONCLUSIONS: Higher energy intake and larger body size were independently associated with increased diabetes risk. Of the different nutrients, higher intake of carbohydrates, particularly disaccharides and sucrose, increased the risk. Lifestyle habits leading to higher energy intake and more rapid growth in childhood may contribute to the increase of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes by different mechanisms.
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69.
  • Pundziute-Lyckå, A, et al. (författare)
  • The incidence of Type I diabetes has not increased but shifted to a younger age at diagnosis in the 0-34 years group in Sweden 1983-1998.
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 45:6, s. 783-91
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: To analyse the incidence of Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in the 0-34 years age group in Sweden 1983-1998.METHODS: Incidence and cumulative incidence per 100 000 and Poisson regression analysis of age-period effects was carried out using 11 751 cases from two nation-wide prospective registers.RESULTS: Incidence (95%-CI) was 21.4 (20.8-21.9) in men and 17.1 (16.6-17.5) in women between 0 and 34 years of age. In boys aged 0-14 and girls aged 0-12 years the incidence increased over time, but it tended to decrease at older age groups, especially in men. Average cumulative incidence at 35 years was 748 in men and 598 in women. Cumulative incidence in men was rather stable during four 4-year periods (736, 732, 762, 756), while in women it varied more (592, 542, 617, 631). In males aged 0-34 years, the incidence did not vary between the 4-year periods ( p=0.63), but time changes among the 3-year age groups differed ( p<0.001). In females the incidence between the periods varied ( p<0.001), being lower in 1987-1990 compared to 1983-1986, but time changes in the age groups did not differ ( p=0.08). For both sexes median age at diagnosis was higher in 1983-1986 than in 1995-1998 ( p<0.001) (15.0 and 12.5 years in males; 11.9 and 10.4 in females, respectively).CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION: During a 16-year period the incidence of Type I diabetes did not increase in the 0-34 years age group in Sweden, while median age at diagnosis decreased. A shift to younger age at diagnosis seems to explain the increasing incidence of childhood Type I diabetes.
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70.
  • Sköld, Camilla, et al. (författare)
  • Effects of functional electrical stimulation training for six months on body composition and spasticity in motor complete tetraplegic spinal cord-injured individuals.
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 34:1, s. 25-32
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The effect of functional electrical stimulation (FES) training on body composition, assessed by computed tomography, and the effect of spasticity, assessed by both objective and subjective measures, are evaluated. Fifteen motor-complete spinal-cord-injured men participated in the study. Eight of the 15 subjects undertook FES cycling 3 times weekly for 6 months. Whole body computed tomography scans evaluated changes in body composition. Simultaneous Modified Ashworth Scale and electromyography (EMG) measurements, resistive torque (Kin-Com) and EMG measurements, and self-ratings with Visual Analogue Scale during four consecutive days were used to evaluate changes in spasticity. Lower extremity muscle volume increased by an average of 1300 cm3 (p < 0.001) in the training group compared to the control group, who experienced no change. Otherwise no changes in body composition were seen. Significant correlations (Spearman) were found between individual EMG activity recordings and movement-provoked Modified Ashworth Scale ratings in 26% of the test situations, irrespective of group and time. The objective and subjective evaluation of movement-provoked passive (viscoelastic) and active (spasticity-related) resistance remained unchanged.
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