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| 2. |
- Olsson, Mikael, 1948
(författare)
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Polaris : Möten med världens poler www.polarisen.se
- 2009
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Ingår i: http://www.polarisen.se. - Göteborg : University of Gothenburg.
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Polaris is a Swedish based web site dealing with Antarctic, Arctic and sub-polar areas around the globe, including sub-Arctic regions of Scandinavia and Eurasia. Polaris is focusing on peoples and places, research and resources on high latitudes. In particular, the site's ambition is to depict the interaction between the components and put them in a context of global environmental and climate change. The web site also addresses the Swedish polar and mountain research, exemplified by the depiction of a number of Swedish polar researchers' work and choice of career. Polaris main target group is high school students. We aim at establishing Polaris as the popular web site in Sweden for polar research. Polaris was a joint production by Gothenburg and Stockholm Universities and others during the International Polar Year 2007-09. The initiative to the website was taken by the Swedish Committee for International Polar Year, the Swedish Research Council and the Universeum Science Center in Gothenburg. There are many scientific contributors, mainly from the Centre of Earth Systems Science at the University of Gothenburg, the Tarfala Research Station at Stockholm University and the Swedish Polar Research Secretariat . Interviews and articles are made by professional science writers. All texts are in Swedish.
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| 3. |
- Carn, Simon, et al.
(författare)
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Daily monitoring of Ecuadorian volcanic degassing from space
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. - 0377-0273. ; 176:1, s. 141-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present daily measurements of sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from active volcanoes in Ecuador and southern Colombia between September 2004 and September 2006, derived from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on NASA's EOS/Aura satellite. OMI is an ultraviolet/visible spectrometer with an unprecedented combination of spatial and spectral resolution, and global coverage, that permits daily measurements of passive volcanic degassing from space. We use non-interactive processing methods to automatically extract daily SO2 burdens and information on SO2 sources from the OMI datastream. Maps of monthly average SO2 vertical columns retrieved by OMI over Ecuador and S. Colombia are also used to illustrate variations in regional SO2 loading and to pinpoint sources. The dense concentration of active volcanoes in Ecuador provides a stringent test of OMI's ability to distinguish SO2 from multiple emitting sources. Our analysis reveals that Tungurahua, Reventador and Galeras were responsible for the bulk of the SO2 emissions in the region in the timeframe of our study, with no significant SO2 discharge detected from Sangay. At Galeras and Reventador, we conclude that OMI can detect variations in SO2 release related to cycles of conduit sealing and degassing, which are a critical factor in hazard assessment. The OMI SO2 data for Reventador are the most extensive sequence of degassing measurements available for this remote volcano, which dominated regional SO2 production in June–August 2005. At Tungurahua, the OMI measurements span the waning stage of one eruptive cycle and the beginning of another, and we observe increasing SO2 burdens in the months prior to explosive eruptions of the volcano in July and August 2006. Cumulative SO2 loadings measured by OMI yield a total of ~ 1.16 Tg SO2 emitted by volcanoes on mainland Ecuador/S. Colombia between September 2004 and September 2006; as much as 95% of this SO2 may originate from non-eruptive degassing. Approximate apportionment of the total SO2 loading indicates that ~ 40% originated from Tungurahua, with ~ 30% supplied by both Reventador and Galeras. These measurements of volcanic SO2 degassing in Ecuador confirm OMI's potential as an effective, economical and risk-free tool for daily monitoring of SO2 emissions from hazardous volcanoes.
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| 5. |
- Jones, Ashley, 1977
(författare)
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Validation and time series analysis of global stratospheric data sets
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The depletion of ozone from the stratosphere and the impact of global warming have been identified as phenomena caused as a result of anthropogenic activity. Scientists are thus trying to find quicker and more reliable ways to analyse these environmental problems. Remote sensing of the atmosphere using satellites is perhaps the most cost effective method. One beneficial application is the acquisition of vertical profiles of atmospheric species on a global scale with good spatial and temporal resolutions. An example of an instrument that can achieve this is the Sub-Millimetre Radiometer (SMR) aboard the Odin satellite that launched in 2001, which retrieves vertical limb profiles of numerous trace gases, including stratospheric ozone. This thesis presents a validation summary for primarily the Odin/SMR ozone data products, v1.2, v2.0 and v2.1 (for the 501.8 GHz band in the microwave region). Comparisons are made to v4.61 data obtained from the Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Soundings (MIPAS) instrument, on board the ENVISAT satellite. Further analysis compares Odin/SMR mixing ratios to balloon sonde data. It is suggested from the results found here that Odin/SMR v2.1 ozone data should be used for scientific purposes. Odin/ SMR is also compared to its sister instrument, the Optical Spectrograph Infra-Red Imaging System (Odin/OSIRIS). Results show an excellent agreement between coincident profiles (typically
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| 6. |
- Mattsson, Eskil, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Tropisk avskogning måste lösas globalt
- 2007
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Ingår i: Göteborgsposten. ; :12 dec 2007
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det pågående klimatmötet ska ta ställning till hur den tropiska avskogningen ska minska. Ett förslag är att låta markägare få större ekonomisk kompensation än den intäkt en avverkning skulle ge. Norge går före genom att satsa 17,5 miljarder kronor och Världsbanken har gått in med stora summor, skriver Eskil Mattsson, Madelene Ostwald och Matilda Palm, som är på plats på Bali.
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| 7. |
- Jakobson, E., et al.
(författare)
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Diurnal variability of precipitable water in the Baltic region
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Fifth Study Conference on BALTEX, Ed. H.J. Isemer, International BALTEX Secretariat, GKSS Research Center, Geesthacht, Germany. - 1681-6471. ; :38, s. 119-120
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Pramualsakdikul, Surat, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Sensing of diurnal and semi-diurnal variability in the water vapour content in the tropics using GPS measurements
- 2007
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Ingår i: Meteorological Applications. - : Wiley. - 1350-4827 .- 1469-8080. ; 14:4, s. 403-412
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The diurnal and semi-diurnal variability of the integrated precipitable water vapour (IPWV) was studied by using Global Positioning System (GPS) data (1998-2004) from 14 International GNSS Service (IGS) stations located between latitudes 20°S and 20°N, and longitudes 70°-170°E. The phases and amplitudes of the EPWV are compared to the corresponding estimates from two numerical weather models (NWMs). Results reveal that there are diurnal amplitudes of more than 0.4 mm for most sites, except sites on small islands in the ocean. The maximum diurnal amplitude is 3 mm at Bakosurtanal, Indonesia. The estimated semi-diurnal signals are in general small. The maximum of the IPWV typically occurs between 1200 and 2400 local solar time. The results suggest that GPS data are useful for high-temporal-resolution studies of IPWV. The accuracy of the estimated diurnal amplitudes is limited by the use of a simple model for the mean temperature of the wet refractivity, and the accuracy of the estimated semi-diurnal amplitudes is likely to be improved by a higher temporal resolution of the ground pressure data at the GPS sites. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society.
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| 10. |
- Fowler, D., et al.
(författare)
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Atmospheric composition change : Ecosystems-Atmosphere interactions
- 2009
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 1352-2310 .- 1873-2844. ; 43:33, s. 5193-5267
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ecosystems and the atmosphere: This review describes the state of understanding the processes involved in the exchange of trace gases and aerosols between the earth's surface and the atmosphere. The gases covered include NO, NO2, HONO, HNO3, NH3, SO2, DMS, Biogenic VOC, O-3, CH4, N2O and particles in the size range 1 nm-10 mu m including organic and inorganic chemical species. The main focus of the review is on the exchange between terrestrial ecosystems, both managed and natural and the atmosphere, although some new developments in ocean-atmosphere exchange are included. The material presented is biased towards the last decade, but includes earlier work, where more recent developments are limited or absent. New methodologies and instrumentation have enabled, if not driven technical advances in measurement. These developments have advanced the process understanding and upscaling of fluxes, especially for particles, VOC and NH3. Examples of these applications include mass spectrometric methods, such as Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (AMS) adapted for field measurement of atmosphere-surface fluxes using micrometeorological methods for chemically resolved aerosols. Also briefly described are some advances in theory and techniques in micrometeorology. For some of the compounds there have been paradigm shifts in approach and application of both techniques and assessment. These include flux measurements over marine surfaces and urban areas using micrometeorological methods and the up-scaling of flux measurements using aircraft and satellite remote sensing. The application of a flux-based approach in assessment of O-3 effects on vegetation at regional scales is an important policy linked development secured through improved quantification of fluxes. The coupling of monitoring, modelling and intensive flux measurement at a continental scale within the NitroEurope network represents a quantum development in the application of research teams to address the underpinning science of reactive nitrogen in the cycling between ecosystems and the atmosphere in Europe. Some important developments of the science have been applied to assist in addressing policy questions, which have been the main driver of the research agenda, while other developments in understanding have not been applied to their wider field especially in chemistry-transport models through deficiencies in obtaining appropriate data to enable application or inertia within the modelling community. The paper identifies applications, gaps and research questions that have remained intractable at least since 2000 within the specialized sections of the paper, and where possible these have been focussed on research questions for the coming decade.
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