| 21. |
- Chen, Xiaoxia, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Enabling the twin transitions : Digital technologies support environmental sustainability through lean principles
- 2023
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Ingår i: Sustainable Production and Consumption. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2352-5509. ; 38, s. 13-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Manufacturing companies seek innovative approaches to achieve successful Green and Digital transitions, where adopting lean production is one alternative. However, further investigation is required to formulate the strategy with practical inputs and identify what digital technologies could be applied with which lean principles for environmental benefits. Therefore, this study first conducted a case study in three companies to collect practice-based data. A complementary literature review was then carried out, investigating the existing frameworks and complementing practices of digitalized lean implementations and the resulting environmental impact. Consequently, the Internet of Things and related connection-level technologies were identified as the key facilitators in lean implementations, specifically in visualization, communication, and poka-yoke, leading to environmental benefits. Furthermore, a framework of DIgitalization Supports Environmental sustainability through Lean principles (DISEL) was proposed to help manufacturing companies identify the opportunities of digitalizing lean principles for Environmental sustainability, thus enabling the twin transitions and being resilient. © 2023 The Authors
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| 22. |
- Chen, Xingru
(författare)
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Improving Internal Software Reuse in the Context of Contemporary Software Engineering Practices
- 2023
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Context: Companies adopt many software reuse practices, such as software product line, reuse verbatim, and systematic reuse, to improve their internal software development and maximize the benefits. Contemporary software engineering (SE) practices, such as microservices and InnerSource, influence internal software reuse.Objective: In this thesis, we aim to improve internal software reuse in the context of contemporary SE practices. To do that, we want to 1) understand the state-of-the-art and the state-of-the-practice of software reuse costs and benefits and the challenges that companies are currently facing and 2) identify interventions to improve internal software reuse. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review to understand the state-of-the-art of software reuse costs and benefits. We performed two exploratory case studies to understand the state-of-the-practice of software reuse costs and benefits, challenges, and improvement areas in the context of contemporary SE practices. We performed another follow-up improving case study to investigate the medium-sized case company's readiness of adopting InnerSource for software reuse.Results: Existing literature reported more software reuse benefits than costs. The most reported software reuse benefits are better product quality and improved productivity. Verbatim reuse and systematic reuse result in more reuse benefits. Most of the included primary studies are of moderate quality, with only four having high quality. Practitioners think that software reuse costs in developing reusable assets will be paid off when developers start to reuse them. Challenges in software reuse in the context of contemporary SE practices differ between medium-sized and large-sized companies. Both of the companies perceive that InnerSource can help improve internal software reuse. Asking practitioners about both current and desired InnerSource reuse status helps identify the needed InnerSource improvements, thus helping companies succeed in adopting InnerSource for reuse. Conclusion: Both existing literature and our two case studies investigating software reuse in the context of contemporary SE practices showed that software reuse improves quality and productivity and has costs in developing and integrating reusable assets. However, the overall benefits outweigh the costs. Both case companies faced challenges in improving their internal reuse, where the most common challenges were about developing and maintaining reusable assets. The results showed that InnerSource helps develop and maintain reusable assets and further improves internal software reuse.
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| 23. |
- Chen, Xu, et al.
(författare)
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On-the-Fly Communication-and-Computing for Distributed Tensor Decomposition
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE CONFERENCE ON GLOBAL COMMUNICATIONS, GLOBECOM. - : IEEE. - 9798350310900 - 9798350310917 ; , s. 1084-1089
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Distributed tensor decomposition (DTD) is a fundamental data-analytics technique that extracts latent important properties from multi-attribute datasets distributed over edge devices. Its conventional one-shot implementation with over-the-air computation (AirComp) is confronted with the issues of limited storage-and-computation capacities and link interruption, which motivates us to propose a framework of on-thefly communication-and-computing (FlyCom(2)) in this work. The proposed framework enables streaming computation with low complexity by leveraging a random sketching technique and achieves progressive global aggregation through the integration of progressive uploading and multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) AirComp. To develop FlyCom(2), an on-the-fly sub-space estimator is designed to take real-time sketches accumulated at the server to generate online estimates for the decomposition. Its performance is evaluated by deriving both deterministic and probabilistic error bounds, which reveal the scaling laws of the decomposition error and inspire a threshold-based scheme to select reliably received sketches. Experimental results validate the performance gain of the proposed selection algorithm and show that compared to its one-shot counterparts, FlyCom(2) achieves comparable (even better with large eigen-gaps) decomposition accuracy besides dramatically reducing devices' complexity costs.
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| 24. |
- Chen, Xi, et al.
(författare)
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Photothermal direct writing of metallic microstructure for frequency selective surface at terahertz frequencies
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2012 International Workshop on Metamaterials, Meta 2012. - : IEEE. - 9781467328081 ; , s. 6464923-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maskless photothermal direct writing technique was investigated to fabricate planar microscale metallic structures. In this technique, we use a tightly focused nanosecond pulsed infrared light to heat the metallic thin film on substrate. With sufficient volumic power density, the metal inside a "hot spot" could be removed from substrate. This technique benefits from not only the enhanced optical absorption, thanks to the surface plasmon resonance of metallic thin film, but also the reduced thermal conductivity, due to the frequent boundary scattering of phonons inside the thin film. To verify the performance of our direct writing technique, a cross-slot periodic array is scribed in gold thin film on silica substrate. Such a pattern can serve as a frequency selective surface at terahertz, which has many applications in terahertz radio system, e. g. rejecting thermal noise before terahertz receiver or serving as reflectors in Fabry-Perot etalon for astronomy spectroscopy.
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| 25. |
- Chen, Xingchen, et al.
(författare)
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Potent, multi-target serine protease inhibition achieved by a simplified beta-sheet motif
- 2019
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library Science. - 1932-6203. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Engagement of an extended beta-sheet is a common substrate/inhibitor interaction at the active site of serine proteases and is an important feature of Laskowski mechanism inhibitors that present a substrate-like loop to a target protease. This loop is cleaved but subsequently relegated forming a stable inhibitor/protease complex. Laskowski inhibitors are ubiquitous in nature and are used extensively in serine protease inhibitor design. However, most studies concentrate on introducing new sidechain interactions rather than the direct contributions of the substrate-like beta-sheet to enzyme inhibition. Here we report the crystal structure of an simplified beta-sheet inhibitory motif within the Sunflower Trypsin Inhibitor (SFTI) in complex with trypsin. We show that the intramolecular hydrogen bond network of this SFTI variant (SFTI-TCTR) engages the inhibitor sidechains that would normally interact with a target protease, giving mainchain interactions a more prominent role in complex formation. Despite having reduced sidechain interactions, this SFTI variant is remarkably potent and inhibits a diverse range of serine proteases. Crystal structural analysis and molecular modelling of SFTI-TCTR complexes again indicates an interface dominated by beta-sheet interactions, highlighting the importance of this motif and the adaptability of SFTI as a scaffold for inhibitor design.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Chen, Yuanyuan, et al.
(författare)
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The Weyl product on quasi-Banach modulation spaces
- 2019
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Ingår i: Bulletin of Mathematical Sciences. - : World Scientific. - 1664-3607 .- 1664-3615. ; 9:2, s. 1-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the bilinear Weyl product acting on quasi-Banach modulation spaces. We find sufficient conditions for continuity of the Weyl product and we derive necessary conditions. The results extend known results for Banach modulation spaces.
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| 29. |
- Dean, Paul, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptive Filter Models
- 2021
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Ingår i: Handbook of the Cerebellum and Cerebellar Disorders : Second Edition: Volume 3 - Second Edition: Volume 3. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783030238100 - 9783030238094 ; , s. 1503-1514
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The original chapter on adaptive-filter models addressed the issue of how far such models were consistent with experimental evidence. Here we consider one particularly important kind of evidence, that concerning the nature of the synaptic plasticity that underlies cerebellar learning. The basic decorrelation learning rule employed by the adaptive-filter model can be translated into spike timing-dependent plasticity form, in which temporal coincidence of parallel fiber and climbing fiber spikes produces LTD at parallel fiber synapses on Purkinje cells, and noncoincidence produces LTP. Although this appears at first sight to be consistent with extensive evidence demonstrating the existence of LTD, other studies have raised serious issues about its functional role. For example, Schonewille et al. (Neuron 70:43-50, 2011) demonstrated that mutant mice unable to sequester Purkinje cell AMPA receptors-the mechanism thought to underlie LTD-did indeed lack LTD, but showed no evidence of impaired learning of typical “cerebellar” tasks such as adaptation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex or eyeblink conditioning. This discrepancy focusses attention on (i) the potential importance of LTP for the initial phases of cerebellar learning, and (ii) the problems posed by reliance on in vitro preparations. An important question concerning the latter is therefore whether the blockage of LTD demonstrated in the mutant mice by Schonewille et al. would also be found in vivo. Resolving this issue would clarify the role of the cerebellum in supervised learning in general, and the plausibility of adaptivefilter models in particular.
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| 30. |
- Dean, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Evolution of a Novel Sexually Antagonistic Allele
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLOS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 8:8, s. e1002917-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evolutionary conflict permeates biological systems. In sexually reproducing organisms, sex-specific optima mean that the same allele can have sexually antagonistic expression, i.e. beneficial in one sex and detrimental in the other, a phenomenon known as intralocus sexual conflict. Intralocus sexual conflict is emerging as a potentially fundamental factor for the genetic architecture of fitness, with important consequences for evolutionary processes. However, no study to date has directly experimentally tested the evolutionary fate of a sexually antagonistic allele. Using genetic constructs to manipulate female fecundity and male mating success, we engineered a novel sexually antagonistic allele (SAA) in Drosophila melanogaster. The SAA is nearly twice as costly to females as it is beneficial to males, but the harmful effects to females are recessive and X-linked, and thus are rarely expressed when SAA occurs at low frequency. We experimentally show how the evolutionary dynamics of the novel SAA are qualitatively consistent with the predictions of population genetic models: SAA frequency decreases when common, but increases when rare, converging toward an equilibrium frequency of similar to 8%. Furthermore, we show that persistence of the SAA requires the mating advantage it provides to males: the SAA frequency declines towards extinction when the male advantage is experimentally abolished. Our results empirically demonstrate the dynamics underlying the evolutionary fate of a sexually antagonistic allele, validating a central assumption of intralocus sexual conflict theory: that variation in fitness-related traits within populations can be maintained via sex-linked sexually antagonistic loci.
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