| 651. |
- Sironen, Reijo, et al.
(författare)
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High pressure effects on cellular expression profile and mRNA stability. A cDNA array analysis.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Biorheology. - : IOS Press. - 0006-355X .- 1878-5034. ; 39:1-2, s. 111-117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hydrostatic pressure has a profound effect on cartilage tissue and chondrocyte metabolism. Depending on the type and magnitude of pressure various responses can occur in the cells. The mechanisms of mechanotransduction at cellular level and the events leading to specific changes in gene expression are still poorly understood. We have previously shown that induction of stress response in immortalized chondrocytes exposed to high static hydrostatic pressure increases the stability of heat shock protein 70 mRNA. In this study, our aim was to examine the effect of high pressure on gene expression profile and to study whether stabilization of mRNA molecules is a general phenomenon under this condition. For this purpose a cDNA array analysis was used to compare mRNA expression profile in pressurized vs. non-pressurized human chondrosarcoma cells (HCS 2/8). mRNA stability was analyzed using actinomycin-treated and nontreated samples collected after pressure treatment. A number of immediate-early genes, and genes regulating cell cycle and growth were up-regulated due to high pressure. Decrease in osteonectin, fibronectin, and collagen types VI and XVI mRNAs was observed. Also bikunin, cdc37 homologue and Tiam1, genes linked with hyaluronan metabolism, were down-regulated. In general, stability of down-regulated mRNA species appeared to increase. However, no increase in mRNA above control level due to stabilization was noticed in the genes available in the array. On the other hand, mRNAs of certain immediate-early genes, like c-jun, jun-B and c-myc, became destabilized under pressure treatment. Increased accumulation of mRNA on account of stabilization under high pressure conditions seems to be a tightly regulated, specific phenomenon.
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| 652. |
- Sitohy, Basel, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in the colonic enteric nervous system in rats with chemically induced colon dysplasia and carcinoma
- 2002
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 41:6, s. 543-549
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The enteric nerve plexus in the colon was investigated in rats with chemically induced colonic adenocarcinoma. Tissue specimens from the colons of four group rats, namely controls, treated animals without development of colonic macro- or microscopic changes, rats with dysplasia and lymphoid hyperplasia, and rats with colonic adenocarcinoma were studied using immunocytochemistry, and quantified by computerized image analysis. No morphometeric changes were found in the treated rats regarding the myenteric and submucosal ganglia, with the exception of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), where the number of nerve cell bodies/ganglia was reduced in the myenteric ganglia in rats with both lymphoid hyperplasia and dysplasia, and carcinoma. The relative volume density of protein gene product (PGP) 9.5-immunoreactive (IR) nerve fibres was higher in the muscularis propria in rats with lymphoid hyperplasia and dysplasia, and carcinoma. However the relative volume density of PGP 9.5-IR nerve fibres was higher in the submucosa in rats with carcinoma only. The relative volume density of substance P- and VIP-IR nerve fibres was significantly higher in the muscularis propria in rats with colonic carcinoma. The relative volume density of NOS-IR nerve fibres was significantly decreased in both muscularis propria and submucosa in rats with lymphoid hyperplasia and dysplasia, and carcinoma. These findings imply that regulatory signals of the enteric innervation may be involved in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer.
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| 653. |
- Sjöberg, Rickard L
(författare)
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False claims of victimization : a historical illustration of a contemporary problem.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 56:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, a false claim of victimization made by a man in his late 20s during a 17th-century outbreak of mass allegations of Satanic abuse is described and discussed in relation to contemporary issues with relevance to psychiatry and applied mental health.
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| 654. |
- Sjögren, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Cytotoxicity of dental alloys, metals, and ceramics assessed by millipore filter, agar overlay, and MTT tests.
- 2002
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Ingår i: The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3913. ; 84:2, s. 229-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Statement of Problem: Biocompatibility of dental materials is dependent on the release of elements from the materials. In addition, the composition, pretreatment, and handling of the materials influence the element release. Purpose: This study evaluated the cytotoxicity of dental alloys, metals, and ceramics, with specific emphasis on the effects of altering the composition and the pretreatment. Material and Methods: By using cells from a mouse fibroblast cell line and the agar overlay test, Millipore filter test, and MTT test, cytotoxicity of various metals, metal alloys, and ceramics for dental restoration were studied. Effects of altering the composition of a high noble gold alloy and of pretreatment of a ceramic-bonding alloy were also studied. In addition, the release of elements into the cell culture medium by the materials studied was measured using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer. The results of the MTT test were analyzed statistically using ANOVA and Scheffé test at a significance level of P<.05. Results: Specimens manufactured from materials intended for dental restorations and handled in accordance with the manufacturers’ instructions were ranked from “noncytotoxic” to “mildly cytotoxic” according to the agar overlay and Millipore filter tests. For the MTT test, no significant differences were observed between these materials and controls, with the exception of JS C-gold and unalloyed titanium. The modified materials were ranked from “mildly cytotoxic” to “moderately cytotoxic” in the agar overlay and Millipore filter tests and from “noncytotoxic” to “moderately cytotoxic” in the MTT test. Thus, cytotoxicity was related to the alloy composition and treatment. The release of Cu and Zn seemed to be important for the cytotoxic effect. Conclusion: Alterations in the composition and the pretreatment can greatly influence the cytotoxicity, and the results stress the importance of carefully following the manufacturers’ instructions when handling dental materials.
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| 655. |
- Sjöström, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Kollegialitet, terapi och medling : experters tolkningsrepertoarer i psykiatrimål
- 2002
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Ingår i: Sociologisk forskning. - : Sveriges sociologförbund. - 0038-0342 .- 2002-066X. ; 39:3-4, s. 86-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates the role of court appointed psychiatrist’s (AP) in Swedish court hearings relating to compulsory psychiatric care. Data consist of taperecordings and documents from twelve court hearings together with informal interviews with actors in court.The discourse in court is analysed in terms of interpretative repertoires. The possibility for APs to examine each case is limited by shortage of time and resources. Furthermore, APs may have to take into account an out-of-court, professional relationship to the treating psychiatrist (CP). We find that conversation between APs and CPs frequently are carried out in a collegiate repertoire. These circumstances inhibit a detailed critical examination of the CP’s application for compulsory care, which in turn helps explaining why APs seldom assess cases different from CPs.This raises the question of how APs’ status as experts is reproduced in courtroom conversation. This is accomplished by using a disclosing repertoire, which invites the patient to produce incoherent talk. Expert status is also reproduced when APs give medical advise to patients in a therapeutic repertoire. Applying a mediating repertoire, APs attempt to resolve clinical conflicts between CPs and patients. As a result, the legal conflict at stake is downplayed.
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| 656. |
- Skog, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Human adenovirus serotypes 4p and 11p are efficiently expressed in cell lines of neural tumour origin
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of General Virology. - 0022-1317 .- 1465-2099. ; 83:6, s. 1299-1309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most currently used adenovirus vectors are based upon adenovirus serotypes 2 and 5 (Ad2 and Ad5), which have limited efficiencies for gene transfer to human neural cells. Both serotypes bind to the known adenovirus receptor, CAR (coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor), and have restricted cell tropism. The purpose of this study was to find vector candidates that are superior to Ad5 in infecting human neural tumours. Using flow cytometry, the vector candidates Ad4p, Ad11p and Ad17p were compared to the commonly used adenovirus vector Ad5v for their binding capacity to neural cell lines derived from glioblastoma, medulloblastoma and neuroblastoma cell lines. The production of viral structural proteins and the CAR-binding properties of the different serotypes were also assessed in these cells. Computer-based models of the fibre knobs of Ad4p and Ad17 were created based upon the crystallized fibre knob structure of adenoviruses and analysed for putative receptor-interacting regions that differed from the fibre knob of Ad5. The non CAR-binding vector candidate Ad11p showed clearly the best binding capacity to all of the neural cell lines, binding more than 90% of cells of all of the neural cell lines tested, in contrast to 20% or less for the commonly used vector Ad5v. Ad4p and Ad11p were also internalized and produced viral proteins more successfully than Ad5. Ad4p showed a low binding ability but a very efficient capacity for infection in cell culture. Ad17p virions neither bound or efficiently infected any of the neural cell lines studied.
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| 657. |
- Skolin, I., et al.
(författare)
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Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in children with malignant disease
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing. - 1043-4542 .- 1532-8457. ; 19:5, s. 154-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the study was to assess both the possible complications of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) in pediatric cancer patients and its effect on weight development. The medical records of 18 children with a median age of 2.5 years (range, 0.5-14.2 years) were reviewed. The diagnoses were leukemia, central nervous system tumors, solid tumors, and lymphoma. The indications for PEG were anticipated therapy-related nutritional problems and inadequate food intake, weight loss, swallowing problems in relation to paresis of the pharynx, and relapse of the disease. Ten children received a PEG at treatment start, and eight children received it at a median time of 3.4 months (range, 0.9-27.4 months) after treatment start. The median duration of having a PEG in place was 12.3 months (range, 1.2-24.0 months). At admission the median weight for age expressed as standard deviation (SD) was -0.11 (range, -2.78-2.68). There was a significant (p =.005) decrease in the median SD from admission until PEG installation. There was also a significant increase in the median SD from the start of PEG use until 1 (p =.04) and 2 (p =.039) months after start. The most common complications were episodes of inflammation of the PEG site, which were successfully treated with topically or orally administered antibiotics, and episodes of infection, which required intravenously administered antibiotics. Taking into consideration the medical condition of the children in the study group and the considerable length of time with a PEG in place, we believe that nutrition via PEG in children with cancer has several advantages and is rarely associated with other than minor complications. Copyright 2002 by Association of Pediatric Oncology Nurses
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| 658. |
- Skåreus, Eva, 1952-
(författare)
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Det är lärarnas fel
- 2002
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Ingår i: Tidskrift för lärarutbildning och forskning. - Umeå : Fakultetsnämnden för lärarutbildning, Umeå universitet. ; :3, s. 13-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 659. |
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| 660. |
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