| 521. |
- Kumar, Bernadette Nirmal, et al.
(författare)
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Migration health research in the Nordic countries : priorities and implications for public health
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 50:7, s. 1039-1046
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The past 50 years have witnessed an increase in immigration to the Nordic countries from and beyond neighbouring countries in Europe. Diversity implies variations and differences in health status and health outcomes both within and across populations. Migrant health research has not been prioritized and health policies and practice, especially long-term national plans, often exclude migrants. In this article, we briefly trace the history, the groups, reasons for migration and the road to migrant health research in Norway, Sweden, Finland and Denmark. We discuss the case for data and research including needs, basis for data collection and the methodological challenges. We provide a brief snapshot of migrant health research, identify current gaps and discuss the implications for research. We recommend a regional Nordic strategy to promote intercountry exchange, sharing and learning. Finally, we reflect on the larger picture, implications for policy and practice that could enable societal conditions to reduce avoidable health inequalities.
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| 522. |
- Kyro, Cecilie, et al.
(författare)
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Intake of whole grain in Scandinavia : Intake, sources and compliance with new national recommendations
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 40:1, s. 76-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The aim of the present study was to describe the intake of whole grain (WG) in Norway, Sweden and Denmark, and to investigate what proportion of the study population that met the new WG recommendation (75 g WG/day per 10 MJ). Methods: Descriptive study. Data is from one 24h dietary recall (24HDR) collected in 1995-2000 from a subset (n = 8,702) of the large Scandinavian cohort "HELGA" consisting of participants aged 30-65 years from three cohorts. Results: The mean WG intake was far below the recommended level. Between 16% (Danish men) and 35% (Norwegian women) consumed at least the recommended intake of WG. Among women, the median intake of WG products (g WG products/day) was 114 g/day in Norway and 108 g/day in Denmark, whereas the intake was much lower in Sweden (64 g/day). For women, the median intake of WG in absolute amounts (g WG/day) was again highest in Norway (44 g/day), but lower in both Sweden (35 g/day) and Denmark (31 g/day). For men (no data available for Norwegian men), the intake of WG products was higher in Denmark (138 g/day) compared to Sweden (79 g/day), but when looking at the WG intake in absolute amounts, the intake was highest in Sweden (49 g/day) compared to Denmark (41 g/day). Conclusions: The present study described the intake of WG as well as the sources of WG in Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Between 16% and 35% met the new recommendations on intake of WG.
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| 523. |
- Kåks, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Using an urban child health index to detect intra-urban disparities in Sweden.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 49:5, s. 563-570
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Children's health is affected by the environment in which they live and grow. Within Sweden's urban areas, several city districts can be classified as socio-economically disadvantaged. This article describes the creation of a child health index to visualise disparities within and between Sweden's three major cities, and how these relate to indicators of demography and socio-economic status.METHODS: Data were collected for seven child health indicators and seven socio-economic and demographic indicators from the Swedish Pregnancy Register, Child Health Services and Statistics Sweden. An index was created from the health indicators using principal component analysis, generating weights for each indicator. Correlations between index outcomes and socio-economic and demographic indicators were analysed using linear regression.RESULTS: The largest variance in index values could be seen in Stockholm followed by Malmö, and the poorest mean index outcome was seen in Malmö followed by Gothenburg. The largest intra-urban percentage range in health indicators could be seen for tobacco exposure at 0-4 weeks (0.8-33.9%, standard deviation (SD)=8.8%) and, for the socio-economic and demographic indicators, foreign background (19.9-88.5%, SD=19.8%). In the multivariate analysis, index outcomes correlated most strongly with foreign background (R2=0.364, p=0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Children's health follows a social gradient and a pattern of ethnic segregation in Swedish cities, where it can be visualised using an index of child health. The resulting map highlights the geographical distribution of these disparities, and displays in which city districts child health interventions may be most needed.
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| 524. |
- Källmén, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in alcohol consumption between 2009 and 2014 assessed with the AUDIT
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 43:4, s. 381-384
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Alcohol habits in Sweden, assessed as sales and estimates of unrecorded consumption, have changed since joining the EU. Earlier studies using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) showed that reported consumption is consistent with sales data, which makes it possible to assess consumption according to sex and age. Aims: This study reports the changes in alcohol habits between 2009 and 2014, a period starting a couple of years after Sweden joined the EU. Method: The AUDIT was sent to a random sample of the Swedish population aged between 17 and 80 years old. Results: No statistically significant changes were shown in six age and sex groups. Conclusions: Alcohol habits have stabilised in Sweden but on a higher consumption level than before.
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| 525. |
- Köhler, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Parental health and psychosomatic symptoms in preschool children : A cross-sectional study in Scania, Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 45:8, s. 846-853
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the association between parental self-rated health and recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) in preschool children. Methods: A questionnaire, including questions about sociodemographic and psychosocial factors, lifestyle, parental and child health, was sent to parents of all 4-year-old children in Scania, Sweden. The response rate was 43.6%. The outcome was RAP and the main exposure was parental self-rated health (SRH). Covariates included sociodemographic, lifestyle and psychosocial factors. Logistic regression analyses were used in a five-step model to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of parental SRH in relation to child RAP. Results: Logistic regression analysis showed higher odds of RAP among children whose parents reported domestic violence, economic worries and poor SRH (mothers OR = 2.1 (95% CI: 1.6, 2.7) and fathers OR = 1.5 (95% CI: 1.1, 2.0)). Adjustment for sociodemographic, lifestyle and psychosocial factors reduced the OR for RAP in the children of mothers with poor SRH (OR = 1.6 (95% CI: 1.2, 2.2)) and fathers with poor SRH (OR = 1.2 (CI 95%: 0.8, 1.7)). Poor SRH was associated with less reading to the child as well as parental perceptions of insufficiency in the interaction with the child. Conclusions: Health professionals have a key position to prevent psychosomatic symptoms in childhood by identifying the living conditions of children with RAP and particularly, to pay attention to parental poor health to identify if support to the family and/or child protection interventions are needed. Health professionals meeting adult patients with poor health should identify whether they are parents and have children who might need information, support and/or protection.
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| 526. |
- König, Stefanie, et al.
(författare)
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Development of healthcare use across contemporary retirement pathways : results from a register based cohort study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 50:4, s. 440-447
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: We aimed to understand the interplay between retirement pathways and healthcare use in the postponed and structurally changing context of retirement.Methods: Based on Swedish register data on income and healthcare use, we applied combined sequence and cluster analysis to identify typical pathways into retirement and analysed their relation to healthcare use developments.Results: We detected five distinct pathways into retirement. Level of healthcare use was significantly higher for the pathway via disability pensions. We saw an overall increase in healthcare use across the retirement process that was related to age rather than to the different pathways.Conclusions: Level of healthcare use at the beginning of the retirement process may be related to selection into different pathways of retirement. We did not find clear evidence across several healthcare measures that different pathways lead to different developments in healthcare use.
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| 527. |
- La Parra-Casado, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Ethnic discrimination and mental health in the Sámi population in Sweden : the SámiHET study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 52:4, s. 442-449
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To assess the association between experiences of discrimination and mental health among the Sámi population in Sweden.Methods: Cross-sectional study among the self-identified Sámi population living in Sweden in 2021, registered in the electoral roll of the Sámi Parliament, the reindeer mark register and the ‘Labour statistics based on administrative sources’. The analysis was based on a final sample of 3658 respondents aged between 18 and 84 years. Adjusted prevalence ratios aPRs for psychological distress (Kessler scale), self-reported anxiety and depression were estimated for four different forms of discrimination (direct experience of discrimination, offended because of ethnicity, historical trauma, and combined discrimination).Results: Higher aPRs of psychological distress, anxiety and depression were observed in women experiencing direct discrimination because of their ethnicity, having been offended because of their ethnicity, and those with a family history of discrimination. Among men, higher aPRs for psychological distress were observed in those experiencing the four different forms of discrimination, but not for anxiety. Depression was only detected in the case of having been offended. Adding experiences of discrimination was associated with a higher prevalence of negative outcomes for all the indicators in women and for psychological distress in men.Conclusions: The observed association between experiences of discrimination and mental health problems would support a gender approach when considering ethnic discrimination in public health policies concerning the Sámi in Sweden.
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| 528. |
- Laamanen, R, et al.
(författare)
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Client perceptions of the performance of public and independent not-for-profit primary healthcare
- 2006
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 34:6, s. 598-608
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To compare primary healthcare (PHC) provided by an independent not-for-profit organization (INPO) with that provided by two public municipal organizations (MO1 and MO2), in terms of clients' perceptions of performance, acceptance, and trust. Methods: A survey using a pre-tested questionnaire to all clients visiting a health centre (HC) doctor or nurse during one week in 2000 (n=511, 51% response rate) and 2002 (n=275, 47%). The data were analysed by descriptive statistics and cumulative logistic regression analysis. Results: The INPO differed from both publicly provided services in accessibility, consistency of service, and outcomes. Clients reported lower trust in HC provided by public organizations compared with the INPO. Trust was higher if clients also reported experiencing ``very good'' or ``moderate'' organizational access — or if general satisfaction was ``very high'' or ``moderate'' or if they experienced outcomes as ``very good'' or ``moderate'' compared with the ``very poor or low'' situation. Women reported lower trust in HC than men. When the family doctor was included in the same logistic regression model with the service provider, only the family doctor was a significant explanatory variable. Reported acceptance of private alternative service providers among clients was similar between the study organizations. Conclusions: Clients of the INPO generally rated the service more positively than clients of publicly provided services. The results indicate that trust in HC depends more on a family doctor system than a service provider.
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| 529. |
- Laamanen, R, et al.
(författare)
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Does patients' choice of health centre doctor depend on the organization? A comparative study of four municipalities with different forms of service provision in Finland
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 38:7, s. 715-723
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The aim of the study was to examine the use of physician services and the willingness to choose an health centre (HC) doctor rather than an alternative (i.e. private, occupational healthcare, other doctor) by the working age population in four municipalities in Finland. In a Southern municipality primary health care was contracted out to a non-profit organization whereas Eastern, Western and South-Western municipalities mainly provided services themselves. Methods: A mail survey of a random sample of the 15—64-age population was conducted in 2002 (n = 2,000, response rate 62%). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics as well as bi- and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: Of the respondents, 69% had visited an HC doctor during the past year, and of these, more than 40% had also visited another doctor outside the HC. The willingness to choose an HC doctor varied from 40% to 54% and was highest in the Southern municipality. When significantly associated variables — age, working status, perceived stress in life situation, access to an appointment, perceived interpersonal quality, and visits to doctors — were controlled for, the willingness to choose an HC doctor was, compared with the Southern municipality, less popular only in the Western municipality. Conclusions: The tendency to choose an HC doctor rather than an alternative was quite low, probably reflecting lack of attractiveness of HC to patients. However, contracting out service production did not additionally decrease patients’ willingness to choose an HC doctor. More attention should be paid to improving access, interpersonal quality and continuity of care.
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| 530. |
- Lager, Anton, et al.
(författare)
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Children's overweight and obesity : Local and national monitoring using electronic health records
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 37:2, s. 201-205
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To test the feasibility of a system for monitoring children's obesity and overweight based on data from electronic health records in the school health services. Methods: Data on weight and height from electronic health records at school health services were collected for 10-year-olds in 2003—2004, 2004—2005 and 2005—2006. School health personnel extracted group-level data with a simple program installed on the computer containing the health records. Four Swedish municipalities were included in the study: Karlstad, Umeå, Västerås, and Ystad. Results: The system achieved coverage of 92—96% of all children in 2005—2006. The overall prevalence rates were 4.2% (3.8—4.7%) obese and 22.0% (21.1—23.0%) overweight, including obesity. Conclusions: A system based on electronic health records from the school health services can successfully provide data. The system has practical, economical and ethical strengths.
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