| 31. |
- Bigsten, Arne, 1947
(författare)
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Can Japan Make a Comeback?
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since the beginning of the 1990s Japan has experienced economic stagnation. This paper discusses its causes and the prospects for recovery. It considers both the macroeconomic problems and the viability of the Japanese economic model itself. The potential roles of fiscal, monetary, exchange rate, and structural policies are discussed.
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| 32. |
- Bigsten, Arne, 1947
(författare)
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Catch-up and inclusion for a sustainable world
- 2024
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Ingår i: Towards a Sustainable World. - Göteborg : University of Gothenburg. - 9789189838277 ; , s. 105-124
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Economic inequality makes societies less sustainable by creating negative externalities and increasing tensions. Therefore, one factor that can contribute to increased sustainability is reduced global inequality. This can be achieved via reductions of within-country and between-country inequality. Wealthy countries can increase the sustainability of the world by helping reduce inequality between nations in incomes and social welfare, i.e. support the economic and social catch-up-processes of the poor countries. The paper discusses the role and usefulness for the policy makers of the governments of individual countries and the international community of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)- It briefly discusses whether welfare states are providers of high quality of life to citizens, i.e. whether it makes sense to seek to the spread welfare state like policies implied by the SDGs. The paper seeks to determine whether their spread has increased the sustainability of countries as well as the whole global system. It finally discusses what can be done with the help of aid and other transfers or by redesigning the global system in ways that favours the poor more than the current one.
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| 33. |
- Bigsten, Arne, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Clientelism and ethnic divisions in African countries
- 2017
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Ingår i: African Affairs. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0001-9909 .- 1468-2621. ; 116:465, s. 621-647
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates the commonly assumed link between ethnic divisions and clientelism in African politics by examining the role of contextual ethnic divisions and specific ethnic affiliations in shaping attitudes towards clientelism. The empirical findings, drawing on quantitative data for 38,293 survey respondents across 25 African countries suggest important country heterogeneity, but also highlight some regularities. In particular, the ethnic composition of the population in the area of residence, rather than the individual's own ethnic affiliation, is important in shaping support for clientelism. Individuals living in a region where the majority of the population is the president's co-ethnics tend to be more supportive of clientelism, regardless of their own ethnic affiliation. The wide coverage of the results makes them especially interesting; while a number of studies suggest ethnically based targeted transfers in specific sectors or settings, this study explores the links between different forms of ethnic divisions and support for clientelism in a large multi-country African sample.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Bigsten, Arne, 1947
(författare)
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Comparative Advantage and African Development
- 2012
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Ingår i: The Oxford Companion to the Economics of Africa (eds.: E. Aryeetey, S. Devarajan, R. Kanubr and L. Kasekende). - Oxford, UK : Oxford University Press. - 9780199575978 ; , s. 166-173
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Bigsten, Arne, 1947
(författare)
-
Credit Constraints in Manufacturing Enterprises in Africa
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of African Economies. ; 12(1), s. 12-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the question whether firms in Africa's manufacturing sector are credit constrained. The fact that few firms obtain credit is not sufficient to prove constraints, since certain firms may not have a demand for credit while others may be refused credit as part of profit maximising behaviour by banks. To investigate this question, we use direct evidence on whether firms had a demand of credit and whether their demand was satisfied in the formal credit market, based on panel data on firms in the manufacturing sector from six African countries. Of those firms with a demand for credit, only a quarter obtained a formal sector loan. Our analysis suggests that while banks allocate credit on the basis of expected profits, micro or small firms are much less likely to get a loan than large firms. We also find that outstanding debt is positively related with obtaining further lending. The role of outstanding debt is likely to be a reflection of inefficiency in credit markets, while the fact that size matters is consistent with a bias as well, although we cannot totally exclude that they reflect transactions costs on the part of banks. We present an analysis showing how much more profitable small firm must be to obtain a loan than large firms.
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| 38. |
- Bigsten, Arne, 1947, et al.
(författare)
-
Debt Relief and Growth: A Study of Zambia and Tanzania
- 2004
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Ingår i: Debt Relief for Poor Countries. - Basingstoke and New York : Palgrave MacMillan in association with UNU-WIDER. - 1403934827 ; Ch II:9, s. 181-205
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 39. |
- Bigsten, Arne, 1947
(författare)
-
Determinants of the Evolution of Inequality in Africa
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of African Economies. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0963-8024 .- 1464-3723. ; 27:1, s. 127-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most African countries inherited a dual economic structure and high levels of inequality from the colonial times, and inequality has remained high since independence. The pattern of structural change in Africa has implied a shift of labour out of agriculture, but since the movers have mostly been absorbed into low-paying, often informal activities, this transformation has not led to a significantly lower overall inequality. A change of the structure of the economy leading to an expansion of better-paying jobs requires higher rates of investment.
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| 40. |
- Bigsten, Arne, 1947
(författare)
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Development Research for Global Justice
- 2017
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Ingår i: Forum for Development Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9410 .- 1891-1765. ; 44:1, s. 133-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Is the global development agenda changing and, if so, what does this imply for development researchers? The following remarks first discuss our quest for global justice and relate this objective to the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Then I give my take on how the development of poor countries is determined and suggest what directions future research should take to support global justice through the development of poor countries. Considering aid as a principal tool to promote global justice, I conclude with a few comments about changes in the contemporary aid landscape and their implications for aid research.
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