| 1. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2013
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Riddle, Matthew, et al.
(författare)
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Phosphorus Leaching from Two Soils with Catch Crops Exposed to Freeze-Thaw Cycles
- 2013
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Ingår i: Agronomy Journal. - : Wiley. - 0002-1962 .- 1435-0645. ; 105, s. 803-811
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Catch crops have been found to decrease leaching of nitrates into surface water and groundwater, but they also have the potential to increase P loadings to natural waters due to plant destruction during freezing-thawing events. An indoor lysimeter experiment was performed using a clay and a sand soil with four different plant species applied: perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), honey herb (Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.), chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), and oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L.). These plants were exposed to simulated rainfall and freezing events in two separate experiments, one using topsoil columns with plant material added and one with plant material only. The sand and clay soils had significantly different control total-P leaching loads after all freezing events, with a mean of 0.32 kg ha(-1) for the clay and 0.88 kg ha(-1) (P < 0.001) for the sand. The combined (soil including plant material) total-P leaching loads from the clay soil were in the order: chicory (2.6 kg ha(-1)) > ryegrass (2.3 kg ha(-1)) > oilseed radish (2.2 kg ha(-1)) > honey herb (1.3 kg ha(-1)), with considerably smaller loads from the sand. Phosphorus losses were greater from the plant-only experiment, with chicory (51.7 kg ha(-1)) > oilseed radish (43.2 kg ha(-1)) > honey herb (18.4 kg ha(-1)) > ryegrass (10 kg ha(-1)). The results indicate that soil texture and plant choice can have a large impact on P leaching loads entering natural waters in cold regions and that soils act as an efficient filter for P released from catch crop residues.
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| 4. |
- Thodeti, Charles Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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Leukotriene D4 induces association of active RhoA with phospholipase C-gamma1 in intestinal epithelial cells.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Biochemical Journal. - 0264-6021. ; 365:Pt 1, s. 157-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been previously suggested that leukotriene-induced Ca2+ signalling is mediated through a Rho-dependent process, but neither direct activation of Rho nor a mechanism underlying such signalling has been reported. Accordingly, we used the Rhotekin binding assay to assess RhoA activation in intestinal epithelial cells and observed that RhoA was activated by leukotriene D4 (LTD4). We also found that, within 15 s, activation of RhoA by LTD4 led to an increased association of RhoA with G-protein betagamma (Gbetagamma) and phospholipase C-gamma1 (PLC-gamma1) in the plasma membrane, as evidenced by the results of co-immunoprecipitation, glutathione S-transferase (GST) pulldown assays, and confocal microscopy. Amounts of RhoA increased in both Gbeta and PLC-gamma1 immunoprecipitates within 15 s of LTD4 treatment. An interaction between RhoA, Gbetagamma and PLC-gamma1 is supported by our finding that a GST fusion protein of constitutively active RhoA (GST-RhoAV14) precipitated Gbetagamma and PLC-gamma1 from cell lysates in an agonist-dependent manner. Such an association is also substantiated by our confocal immunofluorescence results, which revealed that LTD4 induction increased co-localization of constitutively active RhoA and PLC-gamma1 to the plasma membrane of cells transfected with enhanced green fluorescent protein L63RhoA. Furthermore, microinjection of neutralizing RhoA antibodies, but not control antibodies, significantly reduced LTD4-induced Ca2+ mobilization. Our results are the first to demonstrate a LTD4-induced activation of RhoA and more importantly its association with PLC-gamma1, which are essential for the PLC-gamma1-mediated calcium mobilization.
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| 5. |
- Arndt, A, et al.
(författare)
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An in vitro comparison of bone deformation measured with surface and staple mounted strain gauges
- 1999
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0021-9290. ; 32:12, s. 1359-1363
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Chicken tibiae were chosen as a model for human second metatarsals. Local surface bone deformation in a 4-point bending configuration was measured in vitro by both strain gauge instrumented staples and strain gauges bonded to the bone's cortical surface.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Adlmann, Franz A., et al.
(författare)
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Överlåtaren : a fast way to transfer and orthogonalize two-dimensional off-specular reflectivity data
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of applied crystallography. - 0021-8898 .- 1600-5767. ; 49, s. 2091-2099
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reflectivity measurements offer unique opportunities for the study of surfaces and interfaces, and specular reflectometry has become a standard tool in materials science to resolve structures normal to the surface of a thin film. Off-specular scattering, which probes lateral structures, is more difficult to analyse, because the Fourier space being probed is highly anisotropic and the scattering pattern is truncated by the interface. As a result, scattering patterns collected with (especially time-of-flight) neutron reflectometers are difficult to transform into reciprocal space for comparison with model calculations. A program package is presented for a generic two-dimensional transformation of reflectometry data into q space and back. The data are represented on an orthogonal grid, allowing cuts along directions relevant for theoretical modelling. This treatment includes background subtraction as well as a full characterization of the resolution function. The method is optimized for computational performance using repeatable operations and standardized instrument settings.
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| 8. |
- Adloff, C, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of dijet cross sections in photoproduction at HERA
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044. ; 25:1, s. 13-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dijet cross sections as functions of several jet observables are measured in photoproduction using the HI detector at HERA. The data sample comprises e(+)p data with an integrated luminosity of 319 pb(-1). Jets are selected using the inclusive k(perpendicular to) algorithm with a minimum transverse energy of 25 GeV for the leading jet. The phase space covers longitudinal proton momentum fraction x(p) and photon longitudinal momentum fraction x(gamma) in the ranges 0.05 < x(p) < 0.6 and 0.1 < x(gamma) < 1. The predict ions of next-to-leading order perturbative QCD, including recent photon and proton parton densities, are found to be compatible with the data in a wide kinematical range.
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| 9. |
- Adlmann, Franz Alois
(författare)
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Opportunities and challenges of surface scattering at next generation neutron sources
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Complex fluids and soft matter are ubiquitously found in the world and all contacts in life are made over surfaces. To describe the mechanical behavior of such substances, rheological methods are used. Flow instabilities are a big challenge in rheology since they will be reflected in the macroscopic variables probed, like e. g. the viscosity. Many such discontinuities may actually originate at the surface. Investigating the properties of liquids in contact with the surface under mechanical load is the main course of the thesis. Neutron reflectometry and GISANS are perfect tools in this context to access the solid liquid interfaces, since they can penetrate many engineering materials and show a comparably large scattering potential at deuterated samples. In this thesis shear was applied on a model solution and neutron scattering techniques were used to investigate the structure under load. The focus was set on the development of the measurement methods themselves to enable new scientific insights in the future. First, by stroboscopic measurements the flux limitations are overcome for oscillatory rheology. By reintegration in the post processing it is shown that kinetic measurements with neutrons are possible with a time resolution below one millisecond. Second, the transformation of grazing incidence data from the laboratory system into q-space is strongly non-linear resulting in a need for re-binning. In this thesis a universal tool has been developed for this purpose. Finally, there is an ongoing discussion on depth sensitive neutron scattering experiments from solid-liquid boundaries. By using emission densities we show that such experiments face severe limitations due to the low absorption cross section of the neutron.
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| 10. |
- Adloff, C, et al.
(författare)
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Energy flow and rapidity gaps between jets in photoproduction at HERA
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044. ; 24:4, s. 517-527
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dijet events in photon-proton collisions in which there is a large pseudorapidity separation, Deltaeta > 2.5 between the two highest E-T jets are studied with the H1 detector at HERA. The inclusive dijet cross sections are measured as functions of the longitudinal momentum fractions of the proton and photon which participate in the production of the jets, x(p)(jets) and x(gamma)(jets) respectively, Deltaeta, the pseudorapidity P separation between the two highest E-T jets, and E-T(gap), the total summed transverse energy between the jets. Rapidity gap events are defined as events in which E-T(gap) is less than E-T(cut), for E-T(cut) varied between jets 0.5 and 2.0 GeV. The fraction of dijet events with a rapidity gap is measured differentially in Deltaeta, x(p)(jets) and x(gamma)(jets). An excess of events with rapidity gaps at low values of E-T(cut) is observed above the expectation from standard photoproduction processes. This excess can be explained by the exchange of a strongly interacting colour singlet object between the jets.
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