| 31. |
- Löfqvist, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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The use of assistive technology in different age-groups of old people
- 2013
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Ingår i: Assistive Technology Research Series. - 9781614993032 - 9781614993049 ; Volume 33. Assistive Technology: From Research to Practice, s. 22-26
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to explore the use and perceived unfilled need for assistive technology (AT) for everyday life in three age-groups during the ageing process. Data on use and perceived unfilled need for AT from three age-groups were used; the very old age-group; 81-90, n=314, the oldest old age-group; 85-94, n=154 and younger agegroup, 67-71. The results show that the proportion of users highly increased between the youngest age-group and the very old age-group. An increase of use was also seen between the very old and oldest old age-groups, however not so prominent. In most respects the perceived unfilled need followed the same pattern. The result of this study can contribute to increased effectiveness of the supply of AT.
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| 32. |
- Offerman, J., et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes related to technology for active and healthy aging in a national multigenerational survey
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Aging. - : Springer. - 2662-8465. ; 3:5, s. 617-625
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research is needed to understand attitudes toward and adoption of the broad range of technologies available to support active and healthy aging in different generations. The present article gives an overview of the GenerationTech survey and sample, and describes attitudes and acceptance related to technology in general and as a means to support active and healthy aging. A national survey was conducted with a random sample (n = 2,121) including men and women from three generations (30–39, 50–59 and 70–79-year-olds) in Sweden. The generations shared some attitudes toward and acceptance of technologies for active and healthy aging. However, what kind of technologies are preferred to support active and healthy aging and the reasons for using certain technologies differed by generation. The findings could help guide the development and implementation of technologies for active and healthy aging throughout the aging process.
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| 33. |
- Piyasena, C., et al.
(författare)
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Prediction of severe retinopathy of prematurity using the WINROP algorithm in a birth cohort in South East Scotland
- 2014
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Ingår i: Archives of Disease in Childhood: Fetal and Neonatal Edition. - : BMJ. - 1359-2998 .- 1468-2052. ; 99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: We tested the ability of the 'Weight, IGF-1, Neonatal Retinopathy of Prematurity (WINROP)' clinical algorithm to detect preterm infants at risk of severe Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) in a birth cohort in the South East of Scotland. In particular, we asked the question: 'are weekly weight measurements essential when using the WINROP algorithm?' STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study. Anonymised clinical data were uploaded to the online WINROP site, and infants at risk of developing severe ROP were identified. The results using WINROP were compared with the actual ROP screening outcomes. Infants with incomplete weight data were included in the whole group, but were excluded from a subgroup analysis of infants with complete weight data. In addition, data were manipulated to test whether missing weight data points in the early neonatal period would lead to loss of sensitivity of the algorithm. RESULTS: The WINROP algorithm had 73% sensitivity for detecting infants at risk of severe ROP when all infants were included and 87% when the complete weight data subgroup was analysed. Manipulation of data from the complete weight data subgroup demonstrated that one or two missing weight data points in the early postnatal period lead to loss of sensitivity performance by WINROP. IMPLICATIONS: The WINROP program offers a non-invasive method of identifying infants at high risk of severe ROP and also identifying those not at risk. However, for WINROP to function optimally, it has to be used as recommended and designed, namely weekly body weight measurements are required.
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| 34. |
- Schlyter, F, et al.
(författare)
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Carvone and less volatile analogues as repellent and deterrent antifeedants against the pine weevil, Hylobius abietis
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of applied entomology. - : Wiley. - 0931-2048 .- 1439-0418. ; 128:9-10, s. 610-619
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The monoterpenoid carvone (1) has been shown to have strong antifeedant effects on Hylobius spp. However, because of the high volatility of carvone, long-time protection of conifer seedlings in the field using this compound has not been possible. We demonstrate, in several bioassay steps, that less-volatile, heavier analogues retain their pre-ingestive feeding inhibition activity in the large pine weevil, Hylobius abietis (L.) for a longer time. The first step in the evaluation of the biological activity of 12 carvone analogues was a micro-assay, a choice test lasting 4 h. Compounds active at 100 nmol/cm(2) were further dose-response tested to give the effective dose needed to inhibit feeding by 50% (ED50). Of the 14 compounds tested, including both carvone enantiomers, seven heavier analogues were active at low doses (had low ED50 values). As expected from their lower vapour pressure compared with carvone, the heavier analogues proved more resistant to evaporation before testing. Thus, whereas the effect of 8-hydroxy-p-menth-en-6-one 4 declined after 2 days, some of the compounds with high molar masses, such as the alkylhydroxymenthenones 6 and 8, retained a stable activity for 4 days. The retained activity at 4 days was strongly correlated to molecular mass and boiling point. When tested on natural material (host Pinus sylvestris L. twig sections for 48 h), the heavier analogues showed a rather low activity. Probably, the activity of the more volatile compound carvone (1) is due to a repellent effect (olfactory mode) rather than the deterrent effects (gustatory mode) of the heavier compounds. In agreement with the relatively low activity on twigs in the laboratory, the hydroxymenthenone 4 was not active in the field when tested for 2 months as a 1 : 9 mixture with a polar wax.
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| 35. |
- Stahl, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Postnatal weight gain modifies severity and functional outcome of oxygen-induced proliferative retinopathy
- 2010
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Ingår i: The American journal of pathology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1525-2191 .- 0002-9440. ; 177:6, s. 2715-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In clinical studies, postnatal weight gain is strongly associated with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). However, animal studies are needed to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms of how postnatal weight gain affects the severity of ROP. In the present study, we identify nutritional supply as one potent parameter that affects the extent of retinopathy in mice with identical birth weights and the same genetic background. Wild-type pups with poor postnatal nutrition and poor weight gain (PWG) exhibit a remarkably prolonged phase of retinopathy compared to medium weight gain or extensive weight gain pups. A high (r(2) = 0.83) parabolic association between postnatal weight gain and oxygen-induced retinopathy severity is observed, as is a significantly prolonged phase of proliferative retinopathy in PWG pups (20 days) compared with extensive weight gain pups (6 days). The extended retinopathy is concomitant with prolonged overexpression of retinal vascular endothelial growth factor in PWG pups. Importantly, PWG pups show low serum levels of nonfasting glucose, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-1 as well as high levels of ghrelin in the early postoxygen-induced retinopathy phase, a combination indicative of poor metabolic supply. These differences translate into visual deficits in adult PWG mice, as demonstrated by impaired bipolar and proximal neuronal function. Together, these results provide evidence for a pathophysiological correlation between poor postnatal nutritional supply, slow weight gain, prolonged retinal vascular endothelial growth factor overexpression, protracted retinopathy, and reduced final visual outcome.
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| 36. |
- Stahl, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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The mouse retina as an angiogenesis model.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Investigative ophthalmology & visual science. - : Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO). - 1552-5783. ; 51:6, s. 2813-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mouse retina has been used extensively over the past decades to study both physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis. Over time, various mouse retina models have evolved into well-characterized and robust tools for in vivo angiogenesis research. This article is a review of the angiogenic development of the mouse retina and a discussion of some of the most widely used vascular disease models. From the multitude of studies performed in the mouse retina, a selection of representative works is discussed in more detail regarding their role in advancing the understanding of both the ocular and general mechanisms of angiogenesis.
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| 37. |
- Sun, H. Q., et al.
(författare)
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The Use of the WINROP Screening Algorithm for the Prediction of Retinopathy of Prematurity in a Chinese Population
- 2013
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Ingår i: Neonatology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1661-7800 .- 1661-7819. ; 104:2, s. 127-132
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a gestational age (GA)-related illness that can lead to blindness in premature infants. Timely screening of premature infants could improve visual prognosis. Objective: To evaluate the WINROP algorithm as a method of predicting severe ROP in a Chinese population. Methods: 590 infants with a GA <32 weeks were entered into an online surveillance system (www.winrop.com) that included ROP evaluations and weekly weight measurements from birth to a corrected GA of 40 weeks. If the rate of weight gain decreased to a certain degree, the algorithm signaled an alarm that the infant was at risk for developing sight-threatening ROP. Each infant was categorized as having no, mild, or severe ROP. Results: Among the 590 infants with a GA <32 weeks, an alarm was triggered in 85 infants (14.4%), 50 of which developed severe ROP and were identified in this alarm group. Twenty-seven infants triggered the alarm signal in the first week after birth and 7 infants triggered the alarm at birth. Seven of the infants developed proliferative ROP and the median GA at birth for these infants was 31 weeks. Conclusions: The WINROP system had a sensitivity of 87.5% in a Chinese population for the early identification of infants that developed severe ROP. Postnatal weight gain may help predict ROP in lower birth weight infants. Copyright (C) 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel
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| 38. |
- Witzgall, P., et al.
(författare)
-
Attraction of Pea Moth Cydia-Nigricana F (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) to Female Sex-Pheromone (E,E)-8,10-Dodecadien-1-Yl Acetate, Is Inhibited by Geometric Isomers E,Z, Z,E, and Z,Z
- 1993
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Ecology. - 0098-0331 .- 1573-1561. ; 19:9, s. 1917-1928
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Field attraction of Cydia nigricana males to synthetic female sex pheromone (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-yl acetate, formulated on red rubber septa, declined continuously during two weeks. This was due to isomerization of (E,E)-8, 10-dodecadien-1-yl acetate: eight days after application of purified E,E isomer, the proportion of E,Z; Z,E; and Z,Z isomers in rubber septa aged in the laboratory was 4 %; a 5 % addition of any one of these isomers to fresh lures of (E,E)-8, 10-dodecadien-1-yl acetate significantly reduced male attraction. Stereospecific syntheses of (E,Z)-, (Z,E)-, and (Z,Z)-g, 10-dodecadien-1-yl acetate are described. The pheromone gland of Cydia nigricana contains 0.8 ng/female of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-yl acetate, accompanied by three monounsaturated acetates, (E)-9-dodecen-1-yl acetate, (Z)-5-tetradecen-1-yl acetate, and (Z)-7-tetradecen-1-yl acetate (0.1 ng/female each). These compounds did not augment male trap catch when added to (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-yl acetate.
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