| 51. |
- Öberg, Christina, 1970-
(författare)
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Customer roles in innovations
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Innovation Management. - London, UK : Imperial College Press. - 1363-9196 .- 1757-5877. ; 14:6, s. 989-1011
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to discuss and classify the roles of customers in innovations. In literature on innovations, customers have been increasingly emphasised as a source for innovations and also in how they help develop ideas in their early phases. This paper exemplifies various customer roles in innovations through three case studies. These describe the customer as initiator, as co-producer and as inspiration for business development. Through using role theory to discuss customers in innovations, it becomes explicit how customers may play their traditional roles, add roles or transfer to new roles beyond the scope of being a customer. Furthermore, the paper shows that customer roles change during the innovation process from added or transferred towards more traditional ones.
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| 52. |
- Öberg, Christina, 1970-
(författare)
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The core-customer concept
- 2011
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Ingår i: Service Industries Journal. - : Routledge. - 0264-2069 .- 1743-9507. ; 31:16, s. 2677-2692
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to define and discuss the core-customer concept. This concept examines how a company develops its operations around a single or only a few customers. The customer steers what products and services the supplier develops, which means that it is the customer that dictates the supplier's operations. The core-customer concept may be one method for designing a company's operations, but the paper also aims to challenge companies to consider how they think about customers. The paper contributes to research on customer value and extended service offerings by indicating a business-development strategy based on the customer rather than the supplier's operations. Building a company around a single customer, requires flexibility and competences in finding collaboration partners or in adjusting the organisation to new requirements. The paper refers to these as secondary/supporting competences, while the core competence upon which the company builds its operation is the customer.
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| 53. |
- Lundberg, Hans, Universitetslektor, 1967-
(författare)
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Ekonomikunskap eftersatt i svensk idrott
- 2011
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Ingår i: Idrottsforum.org/Nordic sport science forum. - : idrottsforum.org. - 1652-7224. ; :2011-03-30
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Review of Gil Fried, Steven J. Shapiro & Timothy D. DeSchriver, Sport Finance: Second Edition, 379 sidor, inb., ill. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics 2008, ISBN 978-0-7360-6770-6
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| 54. |
- Lundberg, Hans, Universitetslektor, 1967-
(författare)
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Föråldrad syn på sport management
- 2011
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Ingår i: Idrottsforum.org/Nordic sport science forum. - : idrottsforum.org. - 1652-7224. ; :2011-03-09
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Review of Packianathan Chelladurai, Managing Organizations for Sportand Physical Activity: A Systems Perspective (Third Edition), 446 sidor, hft., ill. Scottsdale, AZ: Holcomb Hathaway 2009, ISBN 978-1-890871-93-2
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| 55. |
- Lundberg, Hans, Universitetslektor, 1967-
(författare)
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Ris och ros till arenarapport
- 2010
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Ingår i: Idrottsforum.org/Nordic sport science forum. - : idrottsforum.org. - 1652-7224. ; :2010-03-31
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Review of Josef Fahlén & Paul Sjöblom, Idrottens anläggningar: Ägande, driftsförhållanden och dess effekter, 97 sidor, hft. Stockholm: RiksidrottsFörbundet 2008(FOU-rapport 2008:2) ISBN 978-91-977397-5-7
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| 56. |
- Althin, Rikard, et al.
(författare)
-
Swedish employment offices: A new model for evaluating effectiveness
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Journal of Operational Research. - : Elsevier. - 0377-2217 .- 1872-6860. ; 207:3, s. 1535-1544
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We measure how well Swedish employment offices perform in delivering the services required of them by the Swedish government. In contrast to earlier studies we use a dynamic efficiency framework, which allows us to better model the intertemporal nature of these services, explicitly allowing for placements of intermediate nature across periods. Rather than using second stage analysis to assess the effects of varying local labor market conditions and differences in client characteristics on performance, we include a measure of the office’s expected work load directly in the model. This measure, derived from duration analysis, is designed to capture the variation across offices in resources needed before an average individual can obtain employment. It is estimated from the characteristics of all unemployed individual and local labor market conditions.The empirical results demonstrate an increase in the office’s expected work loads over time and point to substantial differences in performance across offices. The results also point toward more than optimal placements in intermediate outputs such as non-matching jobs, training, and continued unemployment.
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| 57. |
- Lagrosen, Stefan, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Social media as an entrepreneurial learning process
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose for this paper is to explore social media marketing from the perspective of entrepreneurial learning. The theoretical basis consists of contributions from the fields of organisational learning and entrepreneurship. An empirical study involving ten companies has been carried out. The data were analysed with methods inspired by grounded theory. Categories describing the companies' social media presence from an entrepreneurial learning perspective are provided. Thus, the paper presents a novel way of studying social media activities which should contribute to the theoretical fields of organisational learning and entrepreneurship as well as to the understanding of social media marketing. For practitioners, the findings provide additional knowledge that should be useful for their own social media activities. The purpose for this paper is to explore social media marketing from the perspective of entrepreneurial learning. The theoretical basis consists of contributions from the fields of organisational learning and entrepreneurship. An empirical study involving ten companies has been carried out. The data were analysed with methods inspired by grounded theory. Categories describing the companies’ social media presence from an entrepreneurial learning perspective are provided. Thus, the paper presents a novel way of studying social media activities which should contribute to the theoretical fields of organisational learning and entrepreneurship as well as to the understanding of social media marketing. For practitioners, the findings provide additional knowledge that should be useful for their own social media activities.
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| 58. |
- Lejpras, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Locational Conditions, Cooperation, and Innovativeness : Evidence from Research and Company Spin-Offs
- 2011
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Ingår i: The annals of regional science. - : Springer. - 0570-1864 .- 1432-0592. ; 46:3, s. 543-575
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper has two goals. First, it analyzes the extent to which the innovativeness of spin-offs, originating either in a research facility or from another company, is influenced by locational conditions. Second, it provides evidence on how important local cooperation links are in comparison to nonlocal ones. Using a sample of approximately 1,500 East German firms from knowledge-intensive sectors, we estimate a structural equation model applying the partial least squares method. We find that proximity to local research institutes and universities is the most influential factor for the cooperation intensity of spin-offs. Furthermore, the higher the cooperation intensity, the greater the innovativeness of a firm. Moreover, the results indicate that it is not the local but the nonlocal cooperation ties that are more conducive to innovativeness of research spin-offs. The findings also highlight that the innovativeness of research spin-offs with solely local links is strongly dependent on support from various authorities and institutions.
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| 59. |
- Søberg, Peder Veng, 1981-
(författare)
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Industrial influences on R&D transfer to China
- 2010
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Ingår i: Chinese Management Studies. - : Emerald. - 1750-614X .- 1750-6158. ; 4:4, s. 322-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to open a new research frontier concerning industry factors influencing R&D transfer to emerging markets within Western multinational companies (MNCs).Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents a framework based on knowledge transfer, knowledge creation, and innovation theory, which is illustrated in two cases from globally leading MNCs from different industries and technological fields which have established R&D units in China. It addresses the issue of industrial influences on R&D transfer to emerging markets, and the importance of complementary assets for innovation performance.Findings – The framework and empirical research suggest that R&D transfer to new R&D units in emerging markets is less challenging for companies within industries characterized by slow technological development. This is due to dynamics, which result in codification and diffusion of technical knowledge, whereby it is easier to transfer and absorb. When the transformation from exploration to exploitation of knowledge is simple rather than complex within an industry, R&D transfer is less challenging. Leverage of local complementary assets nurtures reverse R&D knowledge transfer – positively impacting innovation performance.Originality/value – The paper addresses the gap in knowledge transfer theory concerning industrial R&D transfer differences. The paper provides a framework for innovation related industrial contingencies on R&D transfer concerning emerging markets, and it advances the argument that complementary assets are important for R&D in emerging markets. Implications for management in China are outlined. The term captive knowledge transfer is coined.
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| 60. |
- Blennow, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Climate change and the probability of wind damage in two Swedish forests
- 2010
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Ingår i: Forest Ecology and Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1127 .- 1872-7042. ; 259, s. 818-830
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We simulated how possible changes in wind and ground-frost climate and state of the forest due to changes in the future climate may affect the probability of exceeding critical wind speeds expected to cause wind damage within one northern and one southern study area in Sweden, respectively. The topography of the study areas was relatively gentle and the forests were dominated by Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Using estimated changes in the net primary production (NPP) due to climate change and assuming a relative change in the site productivity equal to a relative change in NPP, we simulated possible future states of the forest under gradual adjustment of the site index in response to climate change using the model The Forest Time Machine. Global climate change scenarios based on two emission scenarios and one general circulation model were downscaled to the regional level. The modified WINDA model was used to calculate the sensitivity of the forest to wind and the probability of wind damage for individual forest stands for the periods 2011–2041 and 2071–2100 and for a control period 1961–1990. This was done while taking into account effects on stability of the forest from expected changes in the occurrence of ground frost. Increasing sensitivity of the forest to wind was indicated for both study areas when adhering to recommended management rules of today. Adding also a changed wind climate further increased the probability of wind damage. Calculated probabilities of wind damage were generally higher in the southern study area than in the northern one and were explained by differences in wind climate and the state of the forests, for example with respect to tree species composition. The indicated increase in sensitivity of the forest to wind under the current management regime, and possibly increasing windiness, motivate further analysis of the effects of different management options on the probability of wind damage and what modifications of Swedish forest management are possibly warranted.
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