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- Archer, Trevor, et al.
(author)
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Physical exercise ameliorates deficits induced by traumatic brain injury
- 2012
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In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 125:5, s. 293-302
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The extent and depth of traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major determining factor together with the type of structural insult and its location, whether mild, moderate or severe, as well as the distribution and magnitude of inflammation and loss of cerebrovascular integrity, and the eventual efficacy of intervention. The influence of exercise intervention in TBI is multiple, ranging from anti-apoptotic effects to the augmentation of neuroplasticity. Physical exercise diminishes cerebral inflammation by elevating factors and agents involved in immunomodulatory function, and buttresses glial cell, cerebrovascular, and blood-brain barrier intactness. It provides unique non-pharmacologic intervention that incorporate different physical activity regimes, whether dynamic or static, endurance or resistance. Physical training regimes ought necessarily to be adapted to the specific demands of diagnosis, type and degree of injury and prognosis for individuals who have suffered TBI. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
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| 2. |
- Hedman Ahlström, Britt, 1954-, et al.
(author)
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The meaning of major depression in family life : The viewpoint of the ill parent
- 2010
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In: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - Oxford : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 19:1-2, s. 284-293
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim and objective. The aim was to elucidate the meaning of major depression in family life from the viewpoint of an ill parent. Background. Major depression according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is common and may appear repeatedly over several years, and affects family life. Depression in parents has a negative impact on family function and children’s health; however, studies regarding the deeper understanding of major depression in family life are lacking. Design. A qualitative explorative study using narrative interviews with eight parents who were identified with major depression. Methods. A phenomenological-hermeneutic method of interpretation was used for analysing interview texts and included naïve understanding, a structural analysis where text was divided into meaning units, which were condensed and abstracted, and finally a comprehensive understanding. Result. Two themes were extracted: ‘to be afflicted in an almost unmanageable situation’ with sub-themes ‘feeling hopelessly bad’, ‘being worthless’, ‘being unsatisfied’ and the theme ‘to reconcile oneself to the situation’ with sub-themes ‘being active’, ‘being satisfied’ and ‘maintaining parenthood’. Conclusion. Comprehensive understanding revealed the parents’ simultaneous suffering and dignity in family life; suffering with serious lack of well-being and health, destroyed self-confidence and unhappiness, and dignity with strength, confidence and joy in children. The movement between suffering and dignity complicated family life. Dignity was threatened by the awareness that suffering in major depression was recurrent. Dignity had to be repeatedly restored for self and the family, and family dignity has to be restored before others outside the family circle. Relevance to clinical practice. A deeper understanding of the meaning of major depression in family life is helpful and for healthcare professionals to prevent individual and family suffering by assisting and preserving dignity.
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| 3. |
- Palmquist, Adam, 1983, et al.
(author)
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Gamified learning analytics: An initial outline of design concept synergies from two fields
- 2021
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In: Proceedings of the Nordic Learning Analytics (Summer) Institute (NLASI 2021). - Stockholm, Sweden, 2021.. - 1613-0073. ; 2985
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Technology advancement has dynamically improved the ability to conduct research on large mounts of data and produce innovative ways to engage students. This work-in-progress paper presents tentative research proposals devised from two related and emerging fields: learning analytics and educational gamification. We highlight three shared concepts – processes and elements of development (design), institutional actors and practitioners (stakeholders), and perceptions about usability and adoption (acceptance). We explore the unique nature of each field pertaining to these concepts. Further, we explore how these fields intersect and present opportunities for implementing design that can be beneficial to researchers and practitioners currently working at the interaction between the fields. We also want to bring awareness to the potential synergies that the combination of these fields presents
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| 4. |
- Rondung, Elisabet, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Identification of depression and anxiety during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of test accuracy
- 2024
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In: ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 103:3, s. 423-436
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Depression and anxiety are significant contributors to maternal perinatal morbidity and a range of negative child outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to review and assess the diagnostic test accuracy of selected screening tools (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS], EPDS-3A, Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9]-, PHQ-2, Matthey Generic Mood Question [MGMQ], Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale [GAD-7], GAD-2, and the Whooley questions) used to identify women with antenatal depression or anxiety in Western countries.Material and methodsOn January 16, 2023, we searched 10 databases (CINAHL, Cochrane Library, CRD Database, Embase, Epistemonikos, International HTA Database, KSR Evidence, Ovid MEDLINE, PROSPERO and PsycINFO); the references of included studies were also screened. We included studies of any design that compared case-identification with a relevant screening tool to the outcome of a diagnostic interview based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth or fifth edition (DSM-IV or DSM-5), or the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision (ICD-10). Diagnoses of interest were major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders. Two authors independently screened abstracts and full-texts for relevance and evaluated the risk of bias using QUADAS-2. Data extraction was performed by one person and checked by another team member for accuracy. For synthesis, a bivariate model was used. The certainty of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Registration: PROSPERO CRD42021236333.ResultsWe screened 8276 records for eligibility and included 16 original articles reporting on diagnostic test accuracy: 12 for the EPDS, one article each for the GAD-2, MGMQ, PHQ-9, PHQ-2, and Whooley questions, and no articles for the EPDS-3A or GAD-7. Most of the studies had moderate to high risk of bias. Ten of the EPDS articles provided data for synthesis at cutoffs >= 10 to >= 14 for diagnosing major depressive disorder. Cutoff >= 10 gave the optimal combined sensitivity (0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75-0.90) and specificity (0.87, 95% CI: 0.79-0.92).ConclusionsFindings from the meta-analysis suggest that the EPDS alone is not perfectly suitable for detection of major depressive disorder during pregnancy. Few studies have evaluated the other instruments, therefore, their usefulness for identification of women with depression and anxiety during pregnancy remains very uncertain. At present, case-identification with any tool may best serve as a complement to a broader dialogue between healthcare professionals and their patients. In this systematic review of 16 original articles, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was the most frequently validated tool for identification of women with possible antenatal depression or anxiety. Our meta-analyses indicated a low pooled sensitivity, emphasizing the importance of combining questionnaire screening with other identification methods.
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