| 51. |
- Erixon, Lennart
(författare)
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A Social Innovation or a Product of Its Time? : The Rehn-Meidner Model’s Relation to Contemporary Economics and the Stockholm School
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Journal of the History of Economic Thought. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0967-2567 .- 1469-5936. ; 18:1, s. 85-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A wage and economic-policy programme for full employment, price stability, growth and equity was developed by two Swedish trade-union economists in the early post-war period. A restrictive macroeconomic policy, a wages policy of solidarity and an active labour-market policy are the cornerstones of the Rehn-Meidner model. The model was influenced by Hans Singer's analysis of the fallacies of incomes policy under full employment conditions. However, it is difficult to find equivalences in contemporary economics to the model's combination of policy goals and instruments, its proposed relation between the instruments, or to its emphasis on the role of actual profits in wage formation.
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| 52. |
- Erixon, Lennart, 1947-
(författare)
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Development Blocks, Malinvestment and Structural Tensions – the Åkerman-Dahmén Theory of the Business Cycle
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Institutional Economics. - 1744-1374 .- 1744-1382. ; 7:1, s. 105-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Johan Åkerman and Erik Dahmén's institutional theory of economic fluctuations is a constructive alternative to traditional macroeconomic approaches and also to modern business-cycle analysis based on microeconomic optimization models. By its integration of a business-cycle and growth perspective, Åkerman and Dahmén's analysis was similar to that of Schumpeter in Business Cycles. But their notions of malinvestment, structural tensions, and development blocks provided an original explanation of the turning points in the business cycle. The Åkerman–Dahmén approach is more valid for innovation-driven cycles such as the ICT boom in the late 1990s and the subsequent crisis than for cycles with an independent role of financial-market conditions.
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| 53. |
- Erixon, Lennart, 1947-
(författare)
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Ekonomisk tillväxt
- 2011. - 4
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Ingår i: Tillämpad makroekonomi. - Stockholm : SNS. - 9789186203382
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Nationalekonomin brukar delas upp i två huvudområden: mikroekonomi och makroekonomi. Inom mikroekonomin studerar man ekonomins grundläggande byggstenar, nämligen de enskilda hushållens och företagens beslut. Inom makroekonomin har man ett mer övergripande perspektiv. Där studerar man de stora aggregaten, som arbetslöshet, tillväxt, ränta och inflation.Det är inom dessa områden som diskussionerna är som hetast i dag. Varför är arbetslösheten så hög? Hur sköter Riksbanken sitt arbete egentligen? Varför svänger räntorna och växelkurserna så mycket? Och varför kan inte regeringen göra någonting åt alla orättvisorna? Syftet med Tillämpad makroekonomi är att på ett enkelt och lättfattligt sätt presentera nationalekonomernas syn på dessa frågor. I den fjärde upplagan är alla kapitel omarbetade och uppdaterade, och några av dem helt omskrivna.
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| 54. |
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| 55. |
- Gerdes, Christer, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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The significance of immigration for public finances in Denmark
- 2011
-
Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies the economic consequences of immigration for public finances in Denmark. Using new figures for the period 2004-2008, net transfers are calculated, and presented as an extension to the figures that already existed for the period 1991-2001. The net transfers are calculated from a marginal perspective, which means that the included public expenditures and incomes can be traced to each individual person in our sample. The study is therefore suited for analyzing the economic consequences if more/less people immigrate. A consistent pattern to emerge throughout is that net transfers from Western first- and second-generation immigrants to state funds are positive, while those from non-Western first- and second-generation immigrants are negative. The new calculations show that net transfers from non-Western first- and second-generation immigrants fell from DKK -12.8 billion in 2004 to DKK -9.1 billion in 2008, largely due to the improved employment situation in Denmark. The results also show, however, that the composition chosen of the group of non-Western immigrants has a significant effect on the calculation of net transfers, in that these transfers are reduced to DKK -2.2 billion if refugees are excluded from this group.
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| 56. |
- Grönqvist, Hans, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Alcohol Availability and Crime: Lessons from Liberalized Weekend Sales Restrictions
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In February 2000, the Swedish state monopoly alcohol retail company launched a largescale experiment in which all stores in selected counties were allowed to keep open onSaturdays. We assess the effects on crime of this expansion in access to alcohol. Toisolate the impact of the experiment from other factors, we compare conviction rates inage cohorts above and below the national drinking age restriction in counties where theexperiment had been implemented, and contrast these differences to those in countiesthat still prohibited weekend alcohol commerce. Our analysis relies on extensiveindividual conviction data that have been merged to population registers. Afterdemonstrating that Saturday opening of alcohol shops significantly raised alcohol sales,we show that it also increased crime. The increase is confined to crimes committed onSaturdays and is driven by illegal activity among individuals with low ability and amongpersons with fathers that have completed at least some secondary education. Althoughthe increases in crime and alcohol sales were slightly higher during the initial phase ofthe experiment, our evidence suggests that both effects persist over time. Our analysisreveals that the social costs linked to the experiment exceed the monetary benefits.
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| 57. |
- Grönqvist, Hans, 1978-
(författare)
-
Youth Unemployment and Crime: New Lessons Exploring Longitudinal Register Data
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper investigates the link between youth unemployment and crime using a unique combination of labor market and conviction data spanning the entire Swedish working-age population over an extended period. The empirical analysis reveals large and statistically significant effects of unemployment on several types of crime. The magnitude of the effect is similar across different subgroups of the population. In contrast to most previous studies, the results suggest that joblessness explain a meaningful portion of why male youths are overrepresented among criminal offenders. I discuss reasons for the discrepancy in the results and show that that the use of aggregated measures of labor market opportunities in past studies is likely to capture offsetting general equilibrium effects. Contrary to predictions by economic theory the effect of unemployment on crime is not mediated by income. Instead, an analysis of crimes committed during weekdays versus weekends provides suggestive evidence that unemployment increases the time that individuals have to engage in crime.
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| 58. |
- Hinnerich, Björn Tyrefors, et al.
(författare)
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Are boys discriminated in Swedish high schools?
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Economics of Education Review. - : Elsevier BV. - 0272-7757 .- 1873-7382. ; 30:4, s. 682-690
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Girls typically have higher grades than boys in school and recent research suggests that part of this gender difference may be due to discrimination of boys in grading. We rigorously test this in a field experiment where a random sample of the same tests in the Swedish language is subject to blind and non-blind grading. The non-blind test score is on average 15% lower for boys than for girls. Blind grading lowers the average grades with 13%, indicating that personal ties and/or grade inflation are important in non-blind grading. But we find no evidence of discrimination against boys in grading. The point estimate of the discrimination effect is close to zero with a 95% confidence interval of +/- 4.5% of the average non-blind grade.
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| 59. |
- Holmlund, Bertil, et al.
(författare)
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Svensk arbetsmarknad
- 2011
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Ingår i: <em>Marknad och politik</em>. - Stockholm : SNS förlag. - 9789186203757
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 60. |
- Hägglund, Pathric
(författare)
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Are there pre-programme effects of active placement efforts? : Evidence from a social experiment
- 2011
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Ingår i: Economics Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-1765 .- 1873-7374. ; 112:1, s. 91-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This note estimates pre-programme effects of active placement programmes. Estimation is based on a social experiment conducted in three Swedish counties in 2004. I find that placement programmes could substantially increase transitions both to jobs and other exits before programme start.
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