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Sökning: LAR1:gu > Jonsdottir Ingibjörg H.

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31.
  • Grimby, Gunnar, 1933, et al. (författare)
  • The "Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity Level Scale" and its application to health research
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 25:Suppl 4, s. 119-125
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The use of a four-level questionnaire to assess leisure time physical activity (PA) and its validation is reviewed in this paper. This questionnaire was first published in 1968 and has then been used by more than 600 000 subjects, especially in different population studies in the Nordic countries. A number of modifications to the questionnaire have been published. These are mostly minor changes, such as adding practical examples of activities to illustrate the levels of PA. Some authors have also added duration requirements that were not included for all levels of PA in the original version. The concurrent validity, with respect to aerobic capacity and movement analysis using objective measurements has been shown to be good, as has the predictive validity with respect to various risk factors for health conditions and for morbidity and mortality.
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32.
  • Gulin, S., et al. (författare)
  • Is obsessive–compulsive personality disorder related to stress-related exhaustion?
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Brain and Behavior. - : Wiley. - 2162-3279. ; 11:6
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: Recovery from stress-related diagnoses can, in some cases, be long-lasting, and several different factors could be related to such a lengthy recovery. One plausible aspect is obsessive–compulsive personality disorder (OCPD), which has previously been seen to be related to stress-related mental health. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether recovery from exhaustion disorder (ED) is associated with OCPD. Methods: This study includes data from 147 patients (78% women, mean age 52.4 ± 9.8 years) who have been treated for ED. Clinical assessment was performed 7–10 years after first seeking care identifying patients with residual exhaustion. Symptoms of OCPD were concomitantly measured and several aspects of work- and private-related stress exposure. Results: The main result of this study is that patients with residual clinical ED report OCPD to a greater extent, compared with patients who no longer fulfill the clinical criteria for ED, 7–10 years after seeking care. Patients with OCPD that have not recovered report “excessive devotion to work” to a higher degree than patients with OCPD that have recovered. Conclusion: The results indicate that factors related to OCPD may be of clinical importance for the patient's recovery from ED. However, prospective studies should be conducted and studies elucidating whether symptoms of exhaustion among patients with OCPD can be affected by therapeutic interventions. © 2021 The Authors. Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals LLC
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33.
  • Hansson, Caroline, 1981, et al. (författare)
  • Biomarkers of brain injury in patients with stress-related exhaustion: A longitudinal study
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Psychoneuroendocrinology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4530. ; 146
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Introduction: Exhaustion Disorder (ED) is a stress-induced disorder, characterized by extreme fatigue, cognitive impairments, and intolerance to stress. These symptoms can be long-lasting, suggesting that the long-term stress may have initiated pathophysiological processes in the brains of patients with ED. The aims of the study were I) to investigate if plasma levels of neurofilament light (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and phos-phorylated tau (p-tau181) differ between patients with ED and healthy controls, and II) to investigate if these differences persist over time.Method: Plasma NfL, GFAP and p-tau181 were quantified in 150 patients with ED at the time of diagnosis (baseline), 149 patients at long-term follow-up (7-12 years later, median follow-up time 9 years and 5 months), and 100 healthy controls.Results: Plasma levels of NfL and GFAP were significantly higher in the ED group at baseline compared with controls (mean difference of NfL 0.167, 95 % CI 0.055-0.279; mean difference of GFAP 0.132, 95 % CI 0.008-0.257), while p-tau181 did not differ between the groups. Plasma levels of NfL were significantly lower in the ED group at follow-up than in the same group at baseline (mean difference-0.115, 95 % CI - 0.186- (-0.045)), while plasma levels of GFAP did not differ between the groups, and plasma levels of p-tau181 were significantly higher in the ED group at follow-up than in the same group at baseline (mean difference 0.083, 95 % CI 0.016-0.151). At follow-up, there were no significant differences between the ED group and the control group for any of the proteins.Conclusion: Plasma levels of NfL and GFAP were increased in patients with ED during the first months of the disease, indicative of axonal and glial pathophysiological processes, but had normalized at long-term follow-up.
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34.
  • Hägg Samuelsson, Ulrika, 1973, et al. (författare)
  • Gene expression profile and aortic vessel distensibility in voluntarily exercised spontaneously hypertensive rats: potential role of heat shock proteins
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Physiol Genomics. - 1531-2267 .- 1094-8341. ; 22:3, s. 319-26
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Physical exercise is considered to be beneficial for cardiovascular health. Nevertheless, the underlying specific molecular mechanisms still remain unexplored. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of voluntary exercise on vascular mechanical properties and gene regulation patterns in spontaneously hypertensive rats. By using ultrasound biomicroscopy in an ex vivo perfusion chamber, we studied the distensibility of the thoracic aorta. Furthermore, exercise-induced gene regulation was studied in aortae, using microarray analysis and validated with real-time PCR. We found that distensibility was significantly improved in aortas from exercising compared with control rats (P < 0.0001). Exercising rats demonstrated a striking pattern of coordinated downregulation of genes belonging to the heat shock protein family. In conclusion, voluntary exercise leads to improved vessel wall distensibility and reduced gene expression of heat shock protein 60 and 70, which may indicate decreased oxidative stress in the aortic vascular wall.
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35.
  • Hägg Samuelsson, Ulrika, 1973, et al. (författare)
  • Voluntary physical exercise and coronary flow velocity reserve: a transthoracic colour Doppler echocardiography study in spontaneously hypertensive rats
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Clin Sci (Lond). - 0143-5221. ; 109:3, s. 325-34
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In the present study, we have developed and demonstrated a coronary artery imaging protocol in rats using transthoracic high-frequency CDE (colour Doppler echocardiography) to investigate the potential direct effects of exercise on CFVR (coronary flow velocity reserve). SHR (spontaneously hypertensive rats) performed voluntary exercise for 6 weeks. Rats were then submitted to ultrasonographic examination and CFVR measurements. The LAD (left anterior descending coronary artery) was visualized using transthoracic CDE in a modified parasternal long-axis view. Doppler measurement was made in mid-LAD during baseline and adenosine-induced hyperaemic condition. Gene and protein expression in cardiac tissue were studied using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Adenosine infusion significantly (P<0.001, as determined by ANOVA) decreased HR, without affecting blood pressure in anaesthetized SHR. A significantly greater adenosine dose-dependent response was seen in exercised rats compared with controls (P=0.02, as determined by ANOVA). The baseline flow velocity in mid-LAD was 0.33+/-0.06 and 0.41+/-0.14 m/s in the exercised and control animals respectively (P value was not significant). The maximum adenosine-induced response was reached at a dose of 140 microg.kg-1 of body weight.min-1, and CFVR averaged at 2.6+/-0.53 and 1.5+/-0.24 in exercised and control animals respectively (P<0.01). Gene expression of CuZnSOD was up-regulated by 21% in exercised animals compared with controls (1.1+/-0.16 compared with 0.89+/-0.09; P<0.01), whereas eNOS expression was unchanged. In conclusion, CFVR in rats can be non-invasively assessed using CDE with high feasibility. Physical exercise is associated with improved CFVR and antioxidative capacity in SHR.
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36.
  • Hägg Samuelsson, Ulrika, 1973, et al. (författare)
  • Voluntary physical exercise-induced vascular effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats
  • 2004
  • Ingår i: Clin Sci (Lond). - 0143-5221. ; 107:6, s. 571-81
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Forced training has been shown to have beneficial vascular effects in various animal exercise models. In the present study, we explored possible physiological and molecular effects of voluntary physical exercise on various vascular beds. SHR (spontaneously hypertensive rats) performed voluntary exercise for 5 weeks in a computerized wheel cage facility. Ex vivo myograph studies revealed an increased sensitivity of the ACh (acetylcholine)-mediated vasodilation in resistance arteries of the exercised animals (ED50=15.0+/-3.5 nmol/l) compared with the controls (ED50=37.0+/-8.8 nmol/l; P=0.05). The exercise/control difference was abolished after scavenging reactive oxygen radicals. In conduit arteries, ACh induced a similar vasodilatory response in both groups. The in vivo aortic wall stiffness, assessed by means of Doppler tissue echography, was significantly lower in the exercising animals than in controls. This was demonstrated by significantly increased peak systolic aortic wall velocity (P=0.03) and the velocity time integral (P=0.01) in exercising animals compared with controls. The relative gene expression of eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) was similar in both groups of animals, whereas Cu/ZnSOD (copper/zinc superoxide dismutase) gene expression was significantly increased (+111%; P=0.0007) in the exercising animal compared with controls. In conclusion, voluntary physical exercise differentially improves vascular function in various vascular beds. Increased vascular compliance and antioxidative capacity may contribute to the atheroprotective effects associated with physical exercise in conduit vessels.
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37.
  • Jonsdottir, Ingibjörg H, 1966, et al. (författare)
  • A pre/post analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychosocial work environment and recovery among healthcare workers in a large university hospital in Sweden
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Public Health Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 2279-9028 .- 2279-9036. ; 10:4
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on workload, mental health, and well-being of healthcare workers, and particularly those on the front-line, has received considerable attention. Design and methods: We surveyed hospital employees about their working environment during the pandemic and identified departments which were negatively affected in comparison to the pre-pandemic situation, as well as factors contributing to this. Setting and participants We surveyed all hospital employees at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden in September 2020 and compared results across departments and to the results of a large employee survey from October 2019. Results: The overall impact of the pandemic on perceived working conditions and possibility for recovery differed among departments. During the pandemic, healthcare workers working with COVID-19 patients reported poorer working environments than other employees. Factors significantly related to perception of work environment and recovery during the pandemic included worries of being infected, departmental transfer, and having insufficient access to personal protective equipment. Men reported better working conditions than women in all, but one item and higher age was related to better perceived working environment. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the pandemic differentially affects hospital departments and underscores the multifactorial nature of this topic. Contributing factors to poor perceived working environment could be addressed at times of high workload, such as during the pandemic, including providing appropriate support to managers, ensuring possibility for recovery during working hours, and acknowledging worries about infection. Young healthcare workers and staff who are relocated due to the pandemic warrant special attention.
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38.
  • Jonsdottir, Ingibjörg H, 1966, et al. (författare)
  • A prospective study of leisure-time physical activity and mental health in Swedish health care workers and social insurance officers
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Preventive Medicine. - 0091-7435. ; 51:5, s. 373-377
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: This study analyzes longitudinal associations between self-reported leisure-time physical activity (PA) and perceived stress, burnout and symptoms of depression and anxiety. METHOD: Cohort data collected in 2004 and 2006 from health care and social insurance workers in western Sweden (2694 women; 420 men) were analyzed. Cox regression was conducted to examine associations between baseline levels of PA and mental health (MH) problems 2 years later. RESULTS: Cross-sectional analysis show that individuals reporting either light physical activity (LPA) or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were less likely to report high levels of perceived stress, burnout and symptoms of depression and anxiety, as compared to individuals reporting a sedentary lifestyle. The risks of symptoms of depression, burnout, and high stress levels at follow-up were significantly lower for those reporting LPA or MVPA at baseline. For symptoms of anxiety, an activity level corresponding to MVPA was required. CONCLUSION: Participation in PA appeared to lower the risk of developing MH problems two years later. This relationship involved LPA and MVPA regarding feelings of depression, burnout and perceived stress, and exclusively MVPA regarding feelings of anxiety. The implications of these findings are important, as preventive strategies for psychosocial stress and mental health problems are needed.
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39.
  • Jonsdottir, Ingibjörg H, 1966, et al. (författare)
  • Acute mental stress but not enforced muscle activity transiently increases natural cytotoxicity in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
  • 1996
  • Ingår i: Acta physiologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6772. ; 157:4, s. 443-9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The influence of acute mental stress and the effect of electrically induced skeletal muscle contractions on natural cytotoxicity in vivo was investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rats Natural cytotoxicity in vivo was measured as the clearance of injected 51Cr-labelled YAC-1 lymphoma cells from the lungs, which are specifically lysed by natural killer cells. The mental stress consisted of an air jet directed towards the animals in their cage for 25 min. During the mental stress there was a significant increase in natural cytotoxicity. Thus, retained radioactivity in the lungs was decreased to 74 +/- 6% of the control levels which was set to 100% (P < 0.01). This augmentation of YAC-1-cell clearance could be blocked with the beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist Timolol. Two hours after termination of the air stress, in vivo cytotoxicity had returned to control levels. In contrast, acute physical stress, consisting of electrically induced muscle contractions for 60 min, had no significant effects on in vivo cytotoxicity, either during the stimulation or 1, 2 or 24 h after the stimulation. Further, significantly increased plasma levels of adrenaline were seen after the air jet stress, but not after muscle stimulation. There were no significant changes in plasma noradrenaline levels either after air stress or muscle stimulation. These results indicate that changes in in vivo cytotoxicity after mild mental stress are dependent on increased plasma catecholamine levels while acute physical stress without changes in catecholamine levels, does not influence in vivo cytotoxicity.
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40.
  • Jonsdottir, Ingibjörg H, 1966, et al. (författare)
  • Chronic intracerebroventricular administration of beta-endorphin augments natural killer cell cytotoxicity in rats.
  • 1996
  • Ingår i: Regulatory peptides. - 0167-0115. ; 62:2-3, s. 113-8
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We have studied the effect of chronic intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of different opioid peptides on natural killer (NK) cell mediated cytotoxicity in vivo in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). The in vivo NK cell activity was measured as the clearance of 51Cr-labelled YAC-l lymphoma cells from the lung tissues. Further, the phenotype of lymphocytes in spleen and peripheral blood was analysed by flow cytometry (FACS). All opioid drugs were administered i.c.v. for 6 days with osmotic minipumps releasing 1.0 microliter/h. beta-Endorphin (10 or 20 micrograms/rat per day) significantly increased NK cell cytotoxicity in vivo. The opioid receptor antagonist naloxone (10 mg/kg, i.p.) given immediately before the injection of YAC-lymphoma cells, completely abolished the effects of i.c.v. administered beta-endorphin. Corresponding doses of beta-endorphin administered subcutaneously (s.c.) with minipumps for 6 days did not significantly affect NK cell cytotoxicity. Neither Leu- or Met-enkephalin (20 micrograms/rat per day) nor dynorphin (20 micrograms/rat per day) administered i.c.v. had any significant effects on NK cell activity. In beta-endorphin treated SHR, the percentage of cells with NK cell phenotype (OX52+/CD5-) in peripheral blood was not significantly different from that of controls, while the percentage of cells with T cell phenotype (CD5+/OX52-) was significantly decreased. The percentage of splenic NK cells (OX52+/CD5-) and T cells (CD5+/OX52-) was also unchanged by beta-endorphin treatment i.c.v. These results suggest that of the opioid peptides administered i.c.v., only beta-endorphin augments in vivo NK cell mediated cytotoxicity. We thus conclude that these effects most probably are centrally and opioid receptor mediated effects, since beta-endorphin in the same dose administered peripherally does not influence in vivo NK cell cytotoxicity.
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