| 21. |
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| 22. |
- A. Nojima,, et al.
(författare)
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Calculational aspects of electron-phonon coupling at surfaces
- 2008
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Ingår i: J. Phys: Condens. Matter. - : IOP Publishing. - 1361-648X .- 0953-8984. ; 20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the validity of two frequently used approximations in calculations of electron–phonon coupling at surfaces. The rigid-ion approximation is a standard approximation used for the bulk metals. On the basis of density functional theory calculations, we find that for Be this approximation is as valid for surface atoms as for bulk atoms. In addition, the slab method for calculations of a phonon induced surface state lifetime is examined. The convergence of the electron–phonon matrix element with respect to the thickness of the slab is studied for several systems. When the number of slab layers is increased, the net effect of decreasing overlap and increasing number of final states depends strongly on the decay length of the surface state wavefunction and the band structure.
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| 23. |
- A. Nojima,, et al.
(författare)
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Model Eliashberg function for surface states
- 2008
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Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. ; 254:23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a simplified procedure for the analysis of the phonon-induced lifetimes of surface states. The model includes information about the electron and phonon structure and is thus more reliable than procedures based on phonon Debye models. We apply the model to calculate the lifetime broadening of Cu(1 1 1) and Al(0 0 1) surface states. The obtained Eliashberg functions and lifetimes are in reasonable agreement with previous detailed studies.
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| 24. |
- A.O., Tillmar, et al.
(författare)
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Using X-chromosomal markers in relationship testing: Calculation of likelihood ratios taking both linkage and linkage disequilibrium into account
- 2011
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Ingår i: Forensic Science International: Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-4973 .- 1878-0326. ; 5:5, s. 506-511
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- X-chromosomal markers in forensic genetics have become more widely used during recent years, particularly for relationship testing. Linkage and linkage disequilibrium (LD) must typically be accounted for when using close X-chromosomal markers. Thus, when producing the weight-of-evidence, given by a DNA-analysis with markers that are linked, the normally used product rule is invalid. Here we present an implementation of an efficient model for calculating likelihood ratios (LRs) with markers on the X-chromosome which are linked and in LD. Furthermore, the model was applied on several cases based on data from the eight X-chromosomal loci included in the Mentype® Argus X-8 (Biotype). Using a simulation approach we showed that the use of X-chromosome data can offer valuable information for choosing between the alternatives in each of the cases we studied, and that the LR can be high in several cases. We demonstrated that when linkage and LD were disregarded, as opposed to taken into account, the difference in calculated LRs could be considerable. When these differences were large, the estimated haplotype frequencies often had a strong impact and we present a method to estimate haplotype frequencies. Our conclusion is that linkage and LD should be accounted for when using the tested set of markers, and the used model is an efficient way of doing so.
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| 25. |
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A place to live : gender research on housing in Africa
- 1996
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Be it a house or a makeshift, a shared or rented room, or a home of one's own, a place to live is central in surviving strategies of all urban households. In this volume the authors explore the gendered experiences of housing and housing rights in African countries. There are many differences but also many similarities in the pattern of women not having the same access and control over housing as men have. While women often are the bread-winners, they are also the home-makers, in the sense that it is women who put intense efforts in making a place home.
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| 26. |
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A Research Agenda for Management and Organization Studies
- 2016
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Managing and organizing are now central phenomena in contemporary societies. It is essential they are studied from a variety of perspectives, and with equal attention paid to their past, their present, and their future. This book collects opinions of the trailblazing scholars concerning the most important research topics, essential for study in the next 15–20 years. The opinions concern both traditional functions, such as accounting and marketing, personnel management and strategy, technology and communication, but also new challenges, such as diversity, equality, waste and cultural encounters. The collection is intended to be inspiration for young scholars and an invitation to a dialogue with practitioners.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- A, Teschendorff, et al.
(författare)
-
The dynamics of DNA methylation covariation patterns in carcinogenesis
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLoS Computational Biology. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-734X .- 1553-7358. ; 10:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently it has been observed that cancer tissue is characterised by an increased variability in DNA methylation patterns. However, how the correlative patterns in genome-wide DNA methylation change during the carcinogenic progress has not yet been explored. Here we study genome-wide inter-CpG correlations in DNA methylation, in addition to single site variability, during cervical carcinogenesis. We demonstrate how the study of changes in DNA methylation covariation patterns across normal, intra-epithelial neoplasia and invasive cancer allows the identification of CpG sites that indicate the risk of neoplastic transformation in stages prior to neoplasia. Importantly, we show that the covariation in DNA methylation at these risk CpG loci is maximal immediately prior to the onset of cancer, supporting the view that high epigenetic diversity in normal cells increases the risk of cancer. Consistent with this, we observe that invasive cancers exhibit increased covariation in DNA methylation at the risk CpG sites relative to normal tissue, but lower levels relative to pre-cancerous lesions. We further show that the identified risk CpG sites undergo preferential DNA methylation changes in relation to human papilloma virus infection and age. Results are validated in independent data including prospectively collected samples prior to neoplastic transformation. Our data are consistent with a phase transition model of carcinogenesis, in which epigenetic diversity is maximal prior to the onset of cancer. The model and algorithm proposed here may allow, in future, network biomarkers predicting the risk of neoplastic transformation to be identified.
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| 29. |
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A-Z of Gravity's End - Your Ultimate Guide to Free Fall and Levitation
- 2019
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- How did the Tibetan monks levitate heavy boulders? What is barophobia and who was Qamar Ali? How did Ann Hodges' life turn out, the only human on earth hit by a meteorite? This book is more than simply a guide or glossary, it responds to the colossal themes of levitation and free fall through an artistic lens. It contains scientific, artistic and mystical examples, reflections and fictional stories by different authors on the phenomena and history of gravity, weightlessness, levitation and their antithesis: the art of falling. It is a collage, a summary of the artists own experiments and investigations, that will take the reader on a journey that straddles the fictional and the real. The book contains stories in which for example humans, frogs and objects are capable of floating freely through space, be it through magic, cheap tricks, advanced technology or other, more imaginative methods. Contributors: Aaron Schuster, Pamela Jaskoviak, Mikael Lövgren and Ann-Charlotte Glasberg Blomqvist
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| 30. |
- Aaberge, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of an In-work Tax Credit Reform in Sweden: Effects on Labor Supply and Welfare Participation of Single Mothers
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to evaluate a recent Swedish in-work tax credit reform where we pay particular attention to labor market exclusion; i.e. individuals in as well as outside the labor force are included in the analysis. To highlight the importance of the joint effects from the tax and the benefit systems it appears particular relevant to analyze the labor supply behavior of single mothers. To this end, we estimate a structural microeconometric model of labor supply and welfare participation. The model accounts for heterogeneity in consumption-leisure preferences as well as for constraints in job opportunities. The results of the evaluation show that the reform generates welfare-gains for virtually every single mother, and moreover benefits low-income households. Finally, due to increased labor supply and decline in welfare participation we find that this reform is almost self-financing.
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