| 82261. |
- Kokkinakis, Dimitrios, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Digital Neuropsychological Tests and Biomarkers: Resources for NLP and AI Exploration in the Neuropsychological Domain
- 2020
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Ingår i: CLARIN Annual Conference 2020 in Virtual Form.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Non-invasive, time and cost-effective, easy-to-measure techniques for the early diagnosis or monitoring the progression of brain and mental disorders are at the forefront of recent research in this field. Natural Language Processing and Artificial Intelligence can play an important role in supporting and enhancing data driven approaches to improve the accuracy of prediction and classification. However, large datasets of e.g. recorded speech in the domain of cognitive health are limited. To improve the performance of existing models we need to train them on larger datasets, which could raise the accuracy of clinical diagnosis, and contribute to the detection of early signs at scale. In this paper, we outline our ongoing work to collect such data from a large population in order to support and conduct future research for modelling speech and language features in a cross-disciplinary manner. The final goal is to explore and combine linguistic with multimodal biomarkers from the same population and compare hybrid models that could increase the predictive accuracy of the algorithms that operate on them.
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| 82262. |
- Kokkinakis, Dimitrios, 1965
(författare)
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Evaluating the Coverage of three Controlled Health Vocabularies with Focus on Findings, Signs & Symptoms
- 2011
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Ingår i: Workshop on Creation, Harmonization and Application of Terminology Resources Co-located with NODALIDA 2011.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The medical domain is blessed with a magnitude of terminological resources of various characteristics, sizes, structure, depth and breadth of descriptive power, granularity etc. In this domain a particularly interesting and difficult entity type are signs, symptoms and findings which to a large extend are expressed in a periphrastic manner, sometimes by the use of figurative or metaphorical language, or contextualized using a wealth of vague variant expressions. We hypothesize therefore that no major official terminology source alone can accommodate for the variation and complexity present in real text data, such as electronic medical records, notes or health related documents. In this paper we evaluate the content of the three largest medical control vocabularies available for Swedish on extracted reference symptom lists and initiate a discussion on how we should proceed in order to accommodate for increased coverage on similar genres.
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| 82263. |
- Kokkinakis, Dimitrios, 1965
(författare)
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Figurative Language in Swedish Clinical Texts. Potsdam, Germany
- 2013
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Ingår i: Computational Semantics in Clinical Text workshop. Part of the 10th International Conference on Computational Semantics. - 9781627483988
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Automated processing of clinical texts with the intention to link all important text fragments to various established terminologies and ontologies for relation or event extraction is commonly faced with various less exposed, and not so regularly discussed linguistically motivated issues that needs to be addressed. One of these issues is the usage of figurative language. Figurative language, that is the use of words that go beyond their ordinary meaning, is not only a linguistically complex and challenging problem but also a problem that causes great difficulty for the field of natural language processing (NLP), both for the processing of general language and of various sublanguages, such as clinical medicine. Therefore, a comprehensive model of e.g. clinical language processing needs to account for figurative language usage and this paper provides a description towards this goal. Since the empirical, clinical data used in the study is limited in size, there is no formal distinction made between different sub-classifications of figurative language. e.g., metaphors, idioms or simile. As a matter of fact, all these types of expressions form a continuum with fuzzy boundaries, and most of the NLP-oriented approaches discussed in the past have used either very large data for the analysis or hand annotates samples, a situation that has been prohibitive so far in our project. Therefore distinction is solely based on a more general level, namely between literal versus figurative language, and on a more quantitative and corpus-based level, supported with concrete examples that illustrate several types of figurative expressions in the clinical discourse. The main research questions that this paper asks are whether there are traces of figurative language (or at least a subset of such types) in patient doctor and patient nurse interactions, how can they be found in a convenient way and whether these are transferred in the electronic health records and to what degree.
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| 82264. |
- Kokkinakis, Dimitrios, 1965
(författare)
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From Zipf distribution to Universal Dependencies - Interactive Notebooks for Swedish Text Analysis
- 2024
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Huminfra Conference (HiC 2024). - : Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings 205. - 1650-3686 .- 1650-3740. - 9789180755122
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Notebook-based environments are powerful (web-based) interactive development resources for conducting exploratory (textual) data analysis (EDA). These environments allow the embedding of code (code snippets in ‛code cells’) which can be easily executed with the results immediately presented into the user’s window. This paper introduces some basic exploratory tools and techniques using JupyterLab notebooks, applied to Swedish using a subcorpus that address various topics related to the COVID-19 pandemic published during January-December 2021
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| 82265. |
- Kokkinakis, Dimitrios, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Gender-Based Vocation Identification in Swedish 19th Century Prose Fiction using Linguistic Patterns, NER and CRF Learning
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Computational Linguistics for Literature (Clfl). Co-located with the NAACL/HLT. Denver, Colorado, USA.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper investigates how literature could be used as a means to expand our understanding of history. By applying macroanalytic techniques we are aiming to investigate how women enter literature and particularly which functions they assume, their working patterns and if we can spot differences in how often male and female characters are mentioned with various types of occupational titles (vocation) in Swedish literary texts. Modern historiography, and especially feminist and women’s history has emphasized a relative invisibility of women’s work and women workers. The reasons behind this are manifold, and the extent, the margin of error in terms of women’s work activities is of course hard to assess. Therefore, vocation identification can be used as an indicator for such exploration and we present a hybrid system for automatic annotation of vocational signals in 19th century Swedish prose fiction. Beside vo-cations, the system also assigns gender (male, female or unknown) to the vocation words, a prerequisite for the goals of the study and fu-ture in-depth explorations of the corpora.
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| 82266. |
- Kokkinakis, Dimitrios, 1965
(författare)
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Health Portals and Clinical Phenotypes - Recognition using SNOMED CT
- 2011
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Ingår i: 9th Scandinavian Conference on Health Informatics.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The medical domain is particularly well endowed with various sources of terminology. Usually, such sources vary with respect to size, structure, depth and breadth of descriptive power, granularity and applicability. This paper investigates the extent by which the largest available medical nomenclature for Swedish can cope with a particularly challenging and difficult to automatically acquire type of terminology, namely (clinical) phenotypes. We evaluated the content of the resource on extracted reference symptom lists from several popular health portals. The results indicate that a large number of such phenotypes are expressed using figurative language, or contextualized using a number of variant expressions. SNOMED CT cannot easily accommodate for such variation and vagueness expressed in real text data, unless we devise means to handle such variation, e.g. by the use of near synonym dictionaries, development and linking of consumer health vocabularies. The presented research has several implications since accurate identification of phenotypes can for instance increase the value of available data in decision making and thus allow automatic systems to dynamically correct inappropriate domain decisions.
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| 82267. |
- Kokkinakis, Dimitrios, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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HFST-SweNER . A New NER Resource for Swedish
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 9th edition of the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC), Reykjavik 26 - 31 May 2014.. - 9782951740884 ; , s. 2537-2543
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Named entity recognition (NER) is a knowledge-intensive information extraction task that is used for recognizing textual mentions of entities that belong to a predefined set of categories, such as locations, organizations and time expressions. NER is a challenging, difficult, yet essential preprocessing technology for many natural language processing applications, and particularly crucial for language understanding. NER has been actively explored in academia and in industry especially during the last years due to the advent of social media data. This paper describes the conversion, modeling and adaptation of a Swedish NER system from a hybrid environment, with integrated functionality from various processing components, to the Helsinki Finite-State Transducer Technology (HFST) platform. This new HFST-based NER (HFST-SweNER) is a full-fledged open source implementation that supports a variety of generic named entity types and consists of multiple, reusable resource layers, e.g., various n-gram-based named entity lists (gazetteers).
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| 82268. |
- Kokkinakis, Dimitrios, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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"hund, katt, ko...": Semantiskt ordflödestest som indikator på kognitiv nedsättning hos äldre.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Svenskans beskrivning 37, 8–10.5.2019, Åbo, Finland..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ordflödestest är en typ av test som ofta ingår vid språkliga och neuropsykologiska utredningar, och de används för att bedöma språkliga förmågor, så som ordmobilisering, och exekutiva funktioner, så som verbalt arbetsminne och bearbetningshastighet. Vid ett fonologiskt ordflödestest får personen i uppgift att på en begränsad tid (oftast 60 sekunder) producera så många ord som möjlighet som börjar med en viss bokstav (ofta F, A och S), medan vid ett semantiskt ordflödestest får personen istället i uppgift att producera ord som tillhör en viss kategori (t ex djur eller grönsaker). Dessa tester tar liten tid att genomföra, är lätta att administrera och ger värdefull information om kognitiva färdigheter och begränsningar. Tidigare forskning har visat att ordflödestester har hög reliabilitet och är känsliga för kognitiva nedsättningar. Vid analys av testen mäts traditionellt enbart antalet korrekta ord som producerats, men med hjälp av digital ljudinspelning samt den utveckling som skett inom språkteknologi kan man nu göra mer detaljerade analyser och få ny information om de strategier man använder vid exempelvis ordgenereringen; nämligen klustring (produktion av en grupp relaterade ord inom den redan identifierade subkategorin) och växling (sökning efter och växling till nya subkategorier). I vår forskning studerar vi bl.a. semantiskt ordflödestest som nyanserad indikator på olika aspekter av exekutiva och språkliga förmågor hos personer med degenerativa lindriga eller milda kognitiva nedsättningar samt en kontrollgrupp med kognitivt friska individer. Studien kommer presentera detaljer av vår språkteknologiska analys, visa på de skillnader som finns mellan grupperna och de samband som eventuellt finns med andra, redan genomförda, neuropsykiatriska tester för samma population.
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| 82269. |
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| 82270. |
- Kokkinakis, Dimitrios, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of Entity References in Hospital Discharge Letters
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 16th Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics (NODALIDA).
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the era of the Electronic Health Record the release of medical narrative textual data for research, for health care statistics, for monitoring of new diagnostic tests and for tracking disease outbreak alerts imposes tough restrictions by various public authority bodies for the protection of (patient) privacy. In this paper we present a system for automatic identification of named entities in Swedish clinical free text, in the form of discharge letters, by applying generic named entity recognition technology with minor adaptations
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