| 471. |
- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(författare)
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Oral health-related quality of life in Iranian patients with spinal cord injury : A case-control study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Injury. - : Elsevier BV. - 0020-1383 .- 1879-0267. ; 47:6, s. 1345-1352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The study aimed to compare the oral health variables, general, and oral health-related quality of life (QoL), depression, and anxiety between spinal cord injury (SCI) patients and healthy controls and also to determine the key factors related to the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in the SCI patients.Methods: A total of 203 SCI patients and 203 healthy controls were enrolled. Patients and healthy adults were invited to attend a dental clinic to complete the study measures and undergo oral clinical examinations. OHRQoL was assessed by the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), and the general health-related quality of life (GHRQoL) was evaluated by SF-36. In SCI patients, depression and anxiety were recorded using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), while Functional Assessment Measure (FAM) was used to assess dependence and disability. All the subjects were examined for caries which was quantified using the decayed, missing, and filled Teeth (DMFT) index, gingival bleeding index (GI), plaque index, and periodontal status by community periodontal index (CPI).Results: The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed significant differences between the two groups in terms of oral health expressed in DMFT, oral hygiene, and periodontal status, controlled for age, gender, family income, and occupational status (p < 0.001). Using the hierarchical linear regression analyses, in the final model, which accounted for 18% of the total variance (F(126.7), p < 0.01), significant predictors of OHRQoL were irregular tooth brushing (β = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.06; 1.41), smoking (β = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.66; 0.97), dry mouth (β = 0.37; 95% CI = -0.65 to 0.10) functional and motor functioning (β = 0.32; 95% CI = -0.45 to 0.17), DMFT (β = 0.06; 95% CI = 0.02; 0.09), CPI (β = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.04; 0.04), physical component measure of GHRQoL (β = -0.275; 95% CI = -0.42 to 0.13), lesion level at the lumbar-sacral (β = -0.18; 95% CI = -0.29 to -0.06) and thoracic level (β = -0.09; 95% CI = -0.11 to -0.06).Conclusion: SCI patients had poor oral hygiene practices, greater levels of plaque, gingival bleeding, and caries experience than the healthy controls. In addition, more number of SCI patients had periodontal pockets and dry mouth than the comparative group. SCI patients experienced more depression and anxiety, poor GHRQoL, and OHRQoL than the healthy control group. The factors that influenced OHRQoL in SCI patients were age, toothbrushing frequency, smoking, oral clinical status, depression, physical component of GHRQoL, and level of lesion.
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| 472. |
- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of oral health-related quality of life in Iranian adolescents : A prospective study.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2041-1618 .- 2041-1626. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: In the present study, we evaluated the direct and mediating (indirect) effects of clinical oral conditions, dental anxiety, sense of coherence (SOC), and socioeconomic variables on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and general health-related quality of life (GHRQoL) in Iranian adolescents.METHODS: A longitudinal design was used with a sample of 1052 (694 males, mean age=15.05 years) schoolchildren from Qazvin, Iran. Each participant completed a background information sheet and the following scales at baseline: Modified Dental Anxiety Scale, SOC, PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scale, and PedsQL Oral Health Scale. The PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core and Oral Health scales were recompleted at the 18-mo follow up.RESULTS: Father's education, monthly family income, dental anxiety, Community Periodontal Index (CPI), decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT), and SOC significantly and directly predicted OHRQoL at 18 mo. Father's education had indirect effects on OHRQoL through CPI and DMFT, family income had indirect effects through DMFT, and dental anxiety had indirect effects through CPI. OHRQoL at 18 mo (β=0.499) and SOC (β=0.084) had significant and direct and mediating effects through OHRQoL on GHRQoL, while father's education, monthly family income, dental anxiety, CPI, and DMFT only showed mediating effects.CONCLUSIONS: Clinical oral indicators had direct effects on OHRQoL, but mediated the effects of dental anxiety and socioeconomic status on both OHRQoL and GHRQoL.
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| 473. |
- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(författare)
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Prospective case-control study of sexual dysfunction in female patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Sage Publications. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 16:Suppl. 1, s. S85-S86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Regarding the lack of earlier studies on sexual function in female patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TSCM), the current study aimed at an investigation of psychological and quality of life measures associated with sexual function in female patients with TSCM.Methods: In this Prospective case-control study, female patients with TSCM from university hospitals in Tehran and Qazvin were enrolled and matched (1:1.1) with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) along with healthy controls (94 patients per group). Data on hospital anxiety and depression scale, SF-12, female sexual function index and female sexual distress scale were assessed at baseline, 6 months and 18 months. Multilevel logistic regressions ought associations between variables.Results: Sexual function, anxiety and depression at baseline were different among the groups with worse situations in female patients with TSCM (p < 0.01). Quality of life at baseline was similar among patient groups but at lower state than healthy controls. Overall, quality of life subscales especially among female patients with TSCM showed a downward trend, indicating deterioration overtime. Higher prevalence of sexual dysfunction in TSCM group was seen compared to female patients with AMI and control group over time (OR, 3.10 and 2.28 respectively). Sexual functioning was found to be a mediator between anxiety and quality of life which positively impacts on patient’s quality of life.Conclusions: Since the psychological and quality of life measures as well as sexual function indicated a descending trend across time, there is a necessity to intervene for these women by focus on problems like anxiety to control health deterioration.
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| 474. |
- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric properties of the Iranian version of the premature ejaculation diagnostic tool
- 2014
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Ingår i: Sexual Medicine. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2050-1161. ; 2:1, s. 31-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionPremature ejaculation (PE) is one of the most prevalent male sexual problems. The Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT) is a suitable patient-reported outcome measure for the assessment of PE.AimTo examine the psychometric proporties of a translated and culturally adapted version of the PEDT in a sample of Iranian men suffering from PE.MethodsTwo independent samples were compared, one including patients with PE based on the DSM-IV-TR criteria (n = 269) and the other including healthy men without PE (n = 289). A backward–forward translation procedure was used to translate the PEDT into Persian. Both samples were asked to fill in the PEDT twice—at baseline and 4 weeks later.Main Outcome MeasuresInternal consistency, test–retest reliability, convergent validity, factor structure, measurement invariance across sexual health status (i.e., between men with and without PE).ResultsMean ages of men without and with PE were 34.9 and 35.3 years, respectively. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total PEDT score was 0.89. All items and the total score were remarkably consistent between the two measurement points. All five PEDT items correlated at r = 0.40 or greater with their own scale, indicating good convergent validity. There was a high and significant correlation (r = −0.82, P < 0.001) between the PEDT score and IELT. Healthy men reported lower scores (fewer complaints) on the PEDT compared with the PE group. A single-factor model was found to be best-fitting in the exploratory factor analysis; this was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The PEDT was invariant across sexual health status and perceived similarly by men with and without PE.ConclusionThe results provide evidence for good reliability and validity of the Iranian version of the PEDT. The questionnaire therefore represents a suitable tool for screening PE in Iranian men.
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| 475. |
- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric properties of the national eye institute refractive error correction quality-of-life questionnaire among Iranian patients
- 2013
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Ingår i: Oman Journal of Ophthalmology. - 0974-620X .- 0974-7842. ; 6:1, s. 37-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aim:To evaluate the psychometric properties of the national Eye Institute refractive error correction quality of life questionnaire (NEI-RQL-42) among Iranian patients with refractive errors.Materials and Methods:Two samples of patients (n1 = 296, n2 = 95) were consecutively selected from the eye clinic of the Boo-Ali Hospital, Qazvin. A forward-backward procedure was conducted to translate and cross-culturally adapt the Iranian version of the NEI-RQL-42. A homogeneity, stability, and reliability test was conducted for the first sample after a two-week interval. Convergent validity was computed using the correlation between the NEI-RQL-42 subscale scores, National Eye Institute-Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25), and the Short Form-36 (SF-36). Furthermore, Known-group analysis was performed, to determine the discriminant validity between the subgroups of patients with hyperopia, emmetropia, and myopia. Responsiveness to clinical change was tested by administering NEI-RQL-42 on the second sample that was scheduled for surgery.Results:Homogeneity was satisfactory with the Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranging between 0.70 and 0.92. The 13 subscales of the NEI-RQL-42 showed a considerable stability in intra-class-correlation (ICC) ranging between 0.70 and 0.89. Positive correlation coefficients were found among all subscales of the NEI-RQL-42 and the other quality-of-life instruments (NEI-VFQ-25 and SF-36). The NEI-VFQ-25 displayed excellent discriminant validity to differentiate the subgroups of patients, and was found to be responsive to change after the surgical correction at three months.Conclusions:The Iranian version of the NEI-RQL-42 is a valid and reliable instrument to assess refractive error correction quality-of-life in Iranian patients. Moreover this questionnaire can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in patients with refractive errors.
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| 476. |
- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(författare)
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The Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnarie (SCSORF) : A validation study of Iranian Muslim patients undergoing dialysis
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of religion and health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0022-4197 .- 1573-6571. ; 53:6, s. 1885-1897
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire (SCSORF) is an often used and validated scale that is uncommonly utilized in culturally diverse populations. The purpose of this research investigation was to adapt the SCSORF for use among Iranian Muslim patients undergoing dialysis and to examine the reliability and validity of the scale among this population. A total of 428 patients (228 females, 200 males, M age = 52.2 years, SD = 10) were selected from five dialysis center in Tehran and Qazvin, Iran. A comprehensive forward–backward translation system was used for cross-cultural translation. Patients completed a baseline questionnaire obtaining demographic and clinical information as well as the SCSORF, the Age Universal Religious Orientation Scale (AUROS), the religious life inventory (RLI), and the Duke University religion index (DUREL). 2 weeks later, patients were asked to complete the SCSORF once again. Reliability of the SCSORF was examined using internal consistency and test-rest reliability. Convergent validity and factor structure using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were also examined. Cronbach’s α for the single construct of the SCSORF was 0.89 with adequate test–retest reliability measured over a 2 week period. SCSORF scores were significantly correlated with AUROS, RLI and the DUREL. The EFA generated a single factor solution for the SCSORF while these results were confirmed by the CFA in an independent sample. Findings demonstrated that the SCSORF has favorable reliability, convergent validity, and divergent validity among Iranian Muslim patients undergoing dialysis and is recommended for use by clinicians (e.g., nephrologists) to measure strength of religious faith among patients.
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| 477. |
- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(författare)
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Validation of Persian rapid estimate of adult literacy in dentistry
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry. - : Wiley. - 2041-1618 .- 2041-1626. ; 7:2, s. 198-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimThe aim of the present study was to establish the psychometric properties of the Rapid Estimate of adult Literacy in Dentistry-99 (REALD-99) in the Persian language for use in an Iranian population (IREALD-99).MethodsA total of 421 participants with a mean age of 28 years (59% male) were included in the study. Participants included those who were 18 years or older and those residing in Quazvin (a city close to Tehran), Iran. A forward–backward translation process was used for the IREALD-99. The Test of Functional Health Literacy in Dentistry (TOFHLiD) was also administrated. The validity of the IREALD-99 was investigated by comparing the IREALD-99 across the categories of education and income levels. To further investigate, the correlation of IREALD-99 with TOFHLiD was computed. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on the data to assess unidimensionality and strong first factor. The Rasch mathematical model was used to evaluate the contribution of each item to the overall measure, and whether the data were invariant to differences in sex. Reliability was estimated with Cronbach's α and test–retest correlation.ResultsCronbach's alpha for the IREALD-99 was 0.98, indicating strong internal consistency. The test–retest correlation was 0.97. IREALD-99 scores differed by education levels. IREALD-99 scores were positively related to TOFHLiD scores (rh = 0.72, P < 0.01). In addition, IREALD-99 showed positive correlation with self-rated oral health status (rh = 0.31, P < 0.01) as evidence of convergent validity. The PCA indicated a strong first component, five times the strength of the second component and nine times the third. The empirical data were a close fit with the Rasch mathematical model. There was not a significant difference in scores with respect to income level (P = 0.09), and only the very lowest income level was significantly different (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe IREALD-99 exhibited excellent reliability on repeated administrations, as well as internal consistency. The IREALD-99 can be used for the basic screening of oral health literacy among the Iranian population.
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| 478. |
- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(författare)
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Why Iranian adolescents do not brush their teeth : a qualitative study
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Dental Hygiene. - : Wiley. - 1601-5029 .- 1601-5037. ; 10:2, s. 86-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To explore and describe attitudes towards tooth-brushing among Iranian adolescents.Methods: A series of focus-group sessions were held with 37 Iranian adolescents in schools. The groups comprised five to eight adolescents. All focus-group discussions were tape-recorded and then transcribed verbatim. All transcripts, codes and categories were read several times to extract a theme. Data were analysed using a qualitative content analysis approach.Results: Four major categories emerged from the analysis: brushing teeth is a necessary evil, parental influence on not brushing teeth, brushing teeth is insignificant, and brushing teeth is a health hazard. The theme identified in the latent content described that tooth-brushing is not part of the adolescents’ activities of daily living.Conclusions: Health educators should stress on the engagement of parents, awareness of the adolescents on brushing techniques and causes of toothache, and address any misconceptions regarding tooth-brushing.
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| 479. |
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