| 1. |
- Audulv, Åsa, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
An ongoing process of inner negotiation – a Grounded Theory study of self-management among people living with chronic illness
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness. - : Wiley. - 1752-9816 .- 1752-9824. ; 1:4, s. 283-293
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim. The aim of this study was to better understand the main concern of self-management processes among people with chronic illness.Background. One aspect of living with chronic illness is self-management that can reduce the illness impact on daily life and promote future health. Although factors that influence self-management have been identified in previous research, little attention has been brought to the process of making self-management decisions. In clinical settings, use of a theory could facilitate patient-empowering approaches.Method. The data collection for this Grounded Theory was mostly conducted in 2006. Data were collected by interviews with 26 adults with a variety of chronic illnesses, including rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel syndrome, multiple sclerosis, ischaemic heart disease and chronic kidney failure.Results. Individuals are conflicted by competing preferences when taking decisions about self-management. Consequently, the decision-making process can be understood as an ongoing inner negotiation between different incompatible perspectives, e.g. social needs vs. medical needs. The process of negotiating self-management starts with the individual’s considering beliefs about health and illness, which make the individual face illness threats and the need for self-management. Several aspects influence negotiating self-management namely, assessing effects of self-management; evaluating own capacity; perceiving normality or stigmatisation; and experiencing support and external resources. The process has been demonstrated in a model.Conclusions. The process of negotiating self-management is an ongoing inner debate rather than a one-time decision. This opens up new ways of understanding, and communicating with, patients. The described model also links behavioural theories and research findings in a comprehensive understanding.Relevance to clinical practice. This model could be applicable as a communication tool for health-care providers in identifying barriers to, and resources in, self-management behaviour among individuals with chronic illness.
|
|
| 2. |
- Benzein, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
Familj och sociala relationer.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Omvårdnadens grunder. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144049069 ; , s. 65-84
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 3. |
- Dahlqvist, Vera, et al.
(författare)
-
Facing inadequacy and being good enough : psychiatric care providers' narratives about experiencing and coping with troubled conscience.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley. - 1351-0126 .- 1365-2850. ; 16:3, s. 242-7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to illuminate the meaning of encounters with a troubled conscience among psychiatric therapists. Psychiatric care involves ethical dilemmas which may affect conscience. Conscience relates to keeping or losing a sense of personal integrity when making judgments about one's actions. Ten psychiatric therapists were interviewed in June 2006. The interviews were tape-recorded, transcribed verbatim and interpreted using a phenomenological-hermeneutic method. Two themes 'Facing inadequacy' and 'Struggling to view oneself as being 'good enough'' are presented. In the therapists interviewed, awareness of their use of power, a sense of powerlessness and a sense of blame gave rise to feelings of betrayals and shameful inadequacy. By sharing their inadequacy with co-workers, they managed to endure the sense of their inadequacy which otherwise would have threatened to paralyse them. Finding consolation in sharing wearing feelings, becoming realistic and attesting their worthiness, they reached reconciliation and found confirmation of being good enough. The findings are interpreted in light of Lögstrup's ethics of trust, according to which conscience alerts us to silent but radical ethical demand and the risk of self-deception.
|
|
| 4. |
- Fagerberg, Ingegerd, et al.
(författare)
-
"Learning by doing" : or how to reach an understanding of the research method phenomenological hermeneutics
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Nurse Education Today. - : Elsevier BV. - 0260-6917 .- 1532-2793. ; 29:7, s. 735-739
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One problem addressed in teaching graduate students qualitative research methods is practising the cognitive and conative skills that students need to generate both rich data and meaningful analysis. The aim of the study was to illuminate development in a group of pre-doctoral and doctoral students as they learnt the phenomenological hermeneutics research method. In a course comprising 18 doctoral students we used the "guided path" pedagogical approach and decided to use a subject of which everyone has lived experience, "troubled conscience", for the phenomenological hermeneutic analysis conducted with the students. As the students progressed in their learning experience of the research method, they analysed their data according to the steps in the method, and we as teachers conducted separate analyses of the same data. The results point in the same direction as previous studies in the field. This is discussed in terms of strength of the pedagogical approach and the students' learning, since despite the fact that their data are limited and not very detailed they were able to come up with results that were in line with previous research.
|
|
| 5. |
- Fjelltun, Aud-Mari, et al.
(författare)
-
Functional levels and nurse workload of elderly awaiting nursing home placement and nursing home residents : a comparative study.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 23:4, s. 736-747
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was twofold: to compare the functional levels of elderly awaiting nursing home placement and nursing home residents, and to compare their nurses' physical and psychological workloads. In Norway, the demand for nursing home placement has increased greatly. Elderly awaiting placement can receive care from home health care services and/or from their families. Documenting elderly's functional levels may illuminate the extent of the carers' workloads and the need for support during the waiting period. The study was conducted in 2005 on two groups in northern Norway. Using the Multi-Dimensional Dementia Assessment Scale to assess functional levels, one group of nurses assessed elderly awaiting nursing home placement (n = 36) and another group of nurses assessed nursing home residents (n = 47). The nurses also reported physical and psychological workloads in caring for these elderly. A comparison of the functional levels between elderly awaiting nursing home placement and nursing home residents showed few statistically significant differences. Nursing home residents had two lower motor functions, needed more assistance with activities of daily living, more regular administration of enemas, were more often unable to speak, and showed lower orientation levels. Clinically significant similarities were found in five motor functions, including rising from lying to sitting, rising out of bed and walking, and in behavioural and psychiatric symptoms. Both groups of elderly had a high prevalence of sadness and fearfulness. The results of this study indicate that elderly awaiting nursing home placement can be as frail as nursing home residents. These results highlight the elderly's need for assistance and reveal the need for more nursing home beds. Nurses in home health care and nursing homes rated physical and psychological workloads similarly. As many carers provide care 24 hours a day, these results also illuminate the need to support carers during the waiting period.
|
|
| 6. |
- Fjelltun, Aud-Mari Sohini, et al.
(författare)
-
Carers' experiences with overnight respitecare : a qualitative study
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 29:3, s. 23-27
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim The aim of this study was to explore experiences with overnight respite care (ORC) of Norwegian carers who provided care to frail elderly awaiting nursing home placement. Background In many Western countries respite care has become part of health care service provision, and various types of respite care are available. The intent with respite care can be twofold; caring for the care receiver and supporting the carer. Methods This was a descriptive qualitative study. Interviews were conducted with 15 carers, transcribed and analysed by qualitative content analysis. Findings The carers described various experiences with ORC. If ORC supported the family unit, it was welcomed by carers and experienced as supportive. If ORC did not support the family unit, many carers rejected ORC, and it was experienced as non-supportive. Two categories were constructed: 'experiencing ORC as supportive for the family as a unit' and 'not experiencing ORC as supportive for the family as a unit'. Conclusion To support more carers, nurses have to listen to carers’ experiences about ORC. Nurses need to take responsibility for the family as a unit and provide more flexible ORC services based on both carers’ and elderly’s needs.
|
|
| 7. |
- Fjelltun, Aud-Mari Sohini, et al.
(författare)
-
Nurses' and carers' appraisals of workload in care of frail elderly awaiting nursing home placement.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 23:1, s. 57-66
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The aim of this study is to describe carers' and nurses' appraisals of workload in care of frail elderly awaiting nursing home (NH) placement. BACKGROUND: Carers' workload of care for frail elderly awaiting NH placement has been studied separately from that of nurses' workload. The literature neither addressed a comparison of carers' and nurses' appraisals of psychological and physical workloads nor the most strenuous factors common to the workloads of both nurses and carers in care of the same elderly person. The terms 'carers' and 'nurses' in this paper refer to informal caregivers and to both enrolled nurses and Registered Nurses respectively, when no particular one is stated. METHOD: The sample comprised 11 nurses and 11 carers paired based on care provided to the same elderly person awaiting NH placement in Norway. Data collected by a workload-scale was analyzed by descriptive statistics. Data collected by individual interviews were analyzed by qualitative content analysis. Carers' and nurses' appraisals of workload were compared and contrasted and most strenuous factors described. FINDINGS: The findings show that both carers and nurses rated workload levels maximum. Carers' highest ratings concerned psychological workload, while nurses' highest ratings concerned physical workload. The workload ratings concerning elderly with advanced dementia disease were most similarly aligned. Qualitative content analysis showed three categories that describe the most strenuous factors common to the workloads of both carers and nurses. These were feeling responsible, burdened and ambivalent. CONCLUSION: This study reports carers' and nurses' appraisals of workload in care of frail elderly awaiting NH placement. The results show many similarities and some differences. These results may help guide policy development to address resource allocations to elderly care. Further research is needed to address workloads of care for elderly awaiting NH placement.
|
|
| 8. |
- Gustafsson, Gabriella, et al.
(författare)
-
Personality traits among burnt out and non-burnt out health-care personnel at the same workplaces : a pilot study
- 2009
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 18:5, s. 336-348
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stress-related illnesses, such as burnout, have increased over the last decade, but not everyone at the same workplace develops burnout, suggesting that individual factors may contribute to this phenomenon. The aim of this study was to describe patterns of personality traits among two groups of health-care personnel from the same workplaces, one group on sick leave due to medically-assessed burnout, and one group with no indication of burnout, respectively. Fourteen psychiatric- (n = 7) and elderly (n = 7)-care units, located in one specific area in a municipality in northern Sweden, participated in this questionnaire-based study. The participants (n = 40), on sick leave due to medically-assessed burnout (n = 20), and those with no indication of burnout (n = 20), respectively, completed Cattell's 16 Personality Factors Questionnaire between February and December 2004. Conventional statistical methods and partial least square regression were used to analyze data. The results showed that the burnout group had lower scores regarding emotional stability and higher scores regarding anxiety than the non-burnout group, but the results also showed a wide variation of personality traits within groups. The most important indicators for belonging to the burnout group were 'openness to changes' and 'anxiety', and for belonging to the non-burnout group, 'emotional stability', 'liveliness', 'privateness' (i.e. forthright or discreet), and 'tension'. The result indicates complex interactions between personality traits and the context in which the individual lives. It seems to be important to increase our awareness of when personality traits may constitute opportunities versus risks in dealing with one's existing circumstances.
|
|
| 9. |
- Landstedt, Evelina, et al.
(författare)
-
Understanding adolescent mental health: the influence of social processes, doing gender and gendered power relations
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Sociology of Health and Illness. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0141-9889 .- 1467-9566. ; 31:7, s. 962-978
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite a well-documented gender pattern in adolescent mental health, research investigating possible explanatory factors from a gender-theoretical approach is scarce. This paper reports a grounded theory study based on 29 focus groups. The aim was to explore 16- to 19-year-old students' perceptions of what is significant for mental health, and to apply a gender analysis to the findings in order to advance understanding of the gender pattern in adolescent mental health. Significant factors were identified in three social processes categories, including both positive and negative aspects: (1) social interactions, (2) performance and (3) responsibility. Girls more often experienced negative aspects of these processes, placing them at greater risk for mental health problems. Boys' more positive mental health appeared to be associated with their low degree of responsibility-taking and beneficial positions relative to girls. Negotiating cultural norms of femininity and masculinity seemed to be more strenuous for girls, which could place them at a disadvantage with regard to mental health. Social factors and processes (particularly responsibility), gendered power relations and constructions of masculinities and femininities should be acknowledged as important for adolescent mental health.
|
|
| 10. |
- Söderström, Ing-Mari, et al.
(författare)
-
Family adaptation in relation to a family member's stay in ICU
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Intensive & Critical Care Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0964-3397 .- 1532-4036. ; 25:5, s. 250-257
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To describe and interpret the family adaptation during the ICU hospitalisation andup to 18 months after discharge.Research methodology/design: A qualitative design was chosen.Main outcome measures: Individual and family interviews with eight families including 31 familymembers. A hermeneutical analysis was performed and paradigm cases were constructed.Results: The result is presented in three themes: striving for endurance, striving for consolationand striving to rebuild life under new conditions. The family adaptation started at the onset ofthe critical incident and continued during the ICU stay and after discharge. The family membersmetaphorically went through peaks and valleys during the whole process of adaptation.Conclusion: Adaptation is an issue for the whole family and is facilitated by being able to stayclose to the patient and receive supportive unambiguous information from the staff both duringthe ICU stay and after discharge.
|
|
