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- Gillberg, Christopher, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term stimulant treatment of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
- 1997
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Ingår i: Archives of general psychiatry. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0003-990X. ; 54, s. 857-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: We wanted to study the effects of amphetamine on symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) over a longer period than has been reported in previous studies of central stimulants in this condition. Methods: Sixty-two children, aged 6 to 11 years, meeting DSM-III-R symptom criteria for ADHD participated in a parallel-group design, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of amphetamine treatment. Treatment was not restricted to children with "pure" ADHD, ie, some had comorbid diagnoses. In the amphetamine group, children received active treatment for 15 months. Results: Amphetamine was clearly superior to placebo in reducing inattention, hyperactivity, and other disruptive behavior problems and tended to lead to improved results on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Revised. Treatment failure rate was considerably lower and time to treatment failure was longer in the amphetamine group. Adverse effects were few and relatively mild. Conclusion: The results of this long-term, placebo-controlled study of the central stimulant amphetamine in the treatment of ADHD indicate that there are remaining positive effects of the drug 15 months after starting treatment.
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| 4. |
- Påhlsson, Robert, 1956
(författare)
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Om arbete för egen räkning
- 1997
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Ingår i: Skattenytt. - 0346-1254. ; , s. 114-:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Akner, Gunnar, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Glucocorticoid receptor inhibits microtubule assembly in vitro.
- 1995
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Ingår i: Molecular and cellular endocrinology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0303-7207 .- 1872-8057. ; 110:1-2, s. 49-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of glucocorticoid hormones, purified glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and purified heat shock protein M(r) 90,000 (hsp90) on microtubule (MT) assembly in vitro was tested by a spectrophotometric MT assembly assay and electron microscopy. GR significantly prolonged the nucleation phase, slowed down the assembly rate and reduced the maximal amplitude of MT assembly compared with control. The effects were partially reversed by the addition of glucocorticoid hormone. GR associated with MTs. These results indicate that GR affects MT assembly in vitro, which may be a functional correlate to the structural association of GR with MTs. This implies that factors affecting GR may affect MT assembly in vivo.
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| 8. |
- Bergström, Gunnar, Professor, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability and factor structure of the Multidimensional Pain Inventory--Swedish Language Version (MPI-S).
- 1998
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Ingår i: Pain. - : LWW. - 0304-3959 .- 1872-6623. ; 75:1, s. 101-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The psychological assessment of chronic pain is often accomplished using questionnaires such as the (West Haven-Yale) Multidimensional Pain Inventory ((WHY)MPI) which is constructed to capture the multidimensionality of chronic pain. The (WHY)MPI theoretically originates from behavioural and cognitive behavioural theories of pain. It is divided into three parts and measures psychosocial and behavioural consequences of pain. This questionnaire has displayed satisfactory psychometric properties and translations of the original English version into German and Dutch have been demonstrated to be reliable and valid. The aim of this study was to test the reliability and factor structure of a Swedish translation of the (WHY)MPI, the MPI-S, and also to test the generalisability of the factor structure found for the (WHY)MPI. We performed analyses of internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha, and carried out a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) employing LISREL-8 on a population of 682 patients suffering from chronic musculoskeletal pain. Test-retest analysis was accomplished on a sub-sample of 54 individuals taken from the aforementioned population. For sections 1 and 2 of the MPI-S the overall reliability and stability were good, and after the exclusion of four items, the factor structure was similar to other versions of the MPI. For section 3, despite removal of five questions, the proposed factor structure could not be replicated. This part of the inventory is designed to measure the extent of different types of activities, and our results suggest that this section may only be used for assessing general activity level. We conclude that, with a few adjustments, the analyses yielded satisfactory results for sections 1 and 2 of the MPI-S regarding its factor structure, reliability and generalisability. For section 3 the hypothesised factor structure could not be confirmed.
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| 9. |
- Elmroth, Kerstin, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Radiation and hypothermia: changes in DNA supercoiling in human diploid fibroblasts
- 1999
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Ingår i: Anticancer Res. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 19:6B, s. 5307-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of hypothermia (2 degrees, 15 degrees and 28 degrees C) upon the effect of X-irradiation on chromatin from human diploid fibroblast cells (AG1518) was studied using the fluorescent halo assay. Rewinding of supercoils was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner when cells were irradiated with 4, 8 or 16 Gy. This inhibition of rewinding was reduced when cells were irradiated at subnormal temperatures compared with cells irradiated at 37 degrees C. One hour's preincubation at low temperature did not influence rewinding. When AG1518 cells were irradiated at 37 degrees C in the presence of the radical scavenger DMSO (0.5 M), the radiation-induced damage was reduced. No additional protection of DMSO in hypothermic cells (2 degrees C) was found, possibly indicating that OH-radical-mediated effects are more temperature dependent. These results are similar to those recently found for the malignant MCF-7 cell line.
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| 10. |
- Hägglin, Catharina, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Variations in dental anxiety among middle-aged and elderly women in Sweden: a longitudinal study between 1968 and 1996.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of dental research. - : SAGE Publications. - 0022-0345 .- 1544-0591. ; 78:10, s. 1655-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cross-sectional studies have shown that older individuals are significantly less dentally anxious than younger ones. However, research has not been able to show if this is a cohort effect or an effect of fear declining with age. If it is a cohort effect, dental anxiety among the elderly may pose a greater-than-expected problem for the providers of dental services. With the exception of longitudinal studies in children and a three-year follow-up on adults, no truly longitudinal epidemiological studies concerning dental anxiety have been performed. The aim of this project was to investigate how dental anxiety changes with aging. In a longitudinal population study of women in Göteborg, Sweden, starting in 1968, 1462 women aged 38 to 54 participated. A representative subsample of 778 women took part in a psychiatric examination where an investigation of dental anxiety was included. The same questions were also included when these women were re-examined in 1974, 1992, and 1996. Three hundred seventy-five women were still eligible for investigation in 1996. In 1968-69, 48 (12.8%) of the participating women assessed themselves as "very afraid" or "terrified" when visiting the dentist, and in 1996 the frequency was 21 (5.6%) among the same women. In 1968-69, 180 women (48%) reported no dental anxiety when visiting the dentist, and 28 years later the frequency was 230 (61%). In the three youngest age groups, dental anxiety decreased significantly (p < 0.001) over the 28-year period. Older compared with younger women reported significantly less dental anxiety, and this was an age effect rather than a cohort effect. Thus, this longitudinal study supported the hypothesis that dental fear, like many other general and specific phobias, declines with age.
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