| 10251. |
- Klintman, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Individen som medborgare och konsument
- 2015
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Ingår i: Klimatsäkrat Skåne. - 9789198157741 ; , s. 198-209
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- - Allmänheten anser generellt att klimatfrågan är viktig, och förklarar sig beredd att agera både som medborgare och konsumenter. Samtidigt varierar allmänhetens klimathänsyn kraf- tigt mellan olika områden. Social motivation är en stark drivkraft som kan förklara allmänhe- tens motstridiga agerande i klimatfrågan.- Positiva argument som förbättrad luft och högre livskvalitet i städerna, bättre hälsa, ekono- miska besparingar och fokus på djurens välfärd är vanligtvis betydligt mer motiverande än rena klimatargument. En mer begränsad problem- och lösningsinramning kan bidra till att förändringsförslag får ett vidare gehör.- Norm- och handlingsförändringar sker ofta i växelverkan mellan initiativ från allmänheten och styrmedel implementerade av offentliga aktörer.- Moment där människor kan lära av varandra och utbyta erfarenheter, till exempel i praktiska försöks- och pilotprojekt, ökar chanserna till en snabbare och mer omfattande normförändring.- Allmänhetens roll i klimatanpassningsarbetet har inte börjat diskuteras på allvar varken i Skåne eller i övriga Sverige. En dialog bör föras med allmänheten i klimatanpassningsfrå- gorna för att undvika att offentliga och privata anpassningsåtgärder motarbetar varandra.
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| 10252. |
- Klintman, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge resistance
- 2022
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Ingår i: Routledge International Handbook of Ignorance Studies. - London : Routledge. - 9780367608064 - 9781003100607 ; , s. 323-333
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 10253. |
- Klintman, Mikael
(författare)
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Knowledge Resistance
- 2024
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Ingår i: Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Sociology. - 9781803921037 ; , s. 393-399
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Knowledge resistance can be defined as the state where we are “almost immune to evidence, or experiences of others” (Klintman 2022:323). The phenomenon, often described using related terms, remains highly relevant to understanding the challenges and opportunities of agreeing on the existence, severity, causes and solutions to environmental problems. The concept of knowledge resistance is related to, but also differs from, some other terms. The first is “scepticism” towards knowledge claims that challenge one’s view of reality. Properly used, scepticism is actually the opposite of knowledge resistance. To be sceptical is to demand supporting evidence and sufficiently good arguments before accepting, for example, that the climate changes at a specific rate or that the current species extinction rate is accelerating. Sceptics abandon their old view of knowledge when exposed to a quantity and quality of evidence and arguments that outweigh evidence and support their previous idea (Gigerenzer and Hoffrage 1999; Shermer 2007). When we are knowledge resistant, on the other hand, no amount of evidence or argument will be substantial enough for us to endorse the scientifically based claims about climate change or species extinction. We keep saying, “It’s not yet fully proven”. But since knowledge claims can never be proven with absolute certainty – only with probability – we can never be satisfied with counter-arguments when knowledge resistant. Knowledge resistance is a key concept that works as an umbrella term. It covers – wholly or in part – words such as “denial”, “dismissal”, “fact resistance” and “strategic ignorance”. “Denial” is completely ignoring or refusing to take in evidence or arguments that point to, for example, climate change being real and caused by humans. “Dismissal”, in contrast, is to consider and possibly show interest in such evidence or arguments only to conclude that they are insufficient (Rayner 2012). (Contin.)
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| 10254. |
- Klintman, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Political Consumerism and the Transition Towards a More Sustainable Food Regime Looking Behind and Beyond the Organic Shelf
- 2011
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Ingår i: Food Practices in Transition: Changing Food Consumption, Retail and Production in the Age of Reflexive Modernity.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Abstract in Undetermined In media, policymaking and research, increasing attention is drawn to the phenomenon of ‘green political consumerism’, referring to consumerrelated practices that are based on concerns beyond the traditional criteria of product quality and price. Political consumerism is about expressing non-economic values, that is, values beyond the direct, economic self-interest of consumers. Such values may concern social conditions of farmers producing our food or the welfare of animals used in food production. Green political consumerism is a concept that highlights a concern for environmental conditions, although these concerns often overlap with social and animal-related ones (Boström & Klintman 2008). Micheletti (2003) has defi ned political consumerism as consumers’ ‘individualistic collective action’, practiced, for instance, through boycotting or buycotting certain products and services. For the purpose of this chapter, it is important to mention that there is a need to keep the defi nition of political consumerism subject to continuous discussion and debate. A main claim in this chapter is that it is particularly important not to equal green political consumption merely with purchases of eco-labeled products and services. To follow such principles of consumption or to have small ecological footprints due to smaller economic resources, for example, are two very diff erent things, which should both be of interest in debates about political consumerism.
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| 10255. |
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| 10256. |
- Klintman, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Skogs- och genmatsmärkning – kunskapsöverföring och politisk process
- 2004
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Ingår i: Är vi på rätt väg? Studier i miljöfrågans lösning. ; , s. 109-132
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- På www.miljo.regeringen.se under fliken hållbar utveckling kan man följa regeringens arbete för en hållbar utveckling i Sverige. Faktablad avlöser varandra med rubriker som: En hållbar framtid i sikte; Hållbara Sverige – så växer en hållbar utveckling fram, – arbetet för hållbar utveckling fortsätter, – en utveckling på stadig frammarsch; Hållbara Sverige – vi är på väg. Men är vi verkligen på väg? Sker det egentligen någon förbättring – eller blir det bara värre?
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| 10257. |
- Klintman, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Toy Consumption as Political : Challenges for Making Dreams Come True
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Oxford Handbook of Political Consumerism. - 9780190629038
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter looks at political consumerism in the toy sector, offering a brief history of consumer concerns and distinguishing among four strands of political consumerist research in this sector. A primary factor facilitating political consumerism of toys is that toy companies are extremely concerned about their reputation. Manufacturers cannot assume that parents and other carers do their usual risk-benefit analysis with the same level of risk acceptance concerning toys. Factors constraining political consumerism in this sector include long product chains and difficulties in discovering unethical practices and dangerous substances. Actors involved in the political consumerism of toys come from all societal spheres, including retailers. Regulators take action when risks have been discovered by civil society actors or scientists, but international divergence in regulation constitutes an obstacle to concerted action. Future research needs to examine synergies and trade-offs among various risks in toy products.
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| 10258. |
- Klintman, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Transparency through Labelling? Layers of Visibility in Environmental Risk Management
- 2008
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Ingår i: Transparency in a New Global Order: Unveiling Organizational Visions. - 9781845423254 ; , s. 178-197
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this chapter is to move the issue a bit beyond the polarized views of profound critical reflection versus excessive trust in the checking procedures behind standards. We claim that the polarized views are largely due to an over-simplistic understanding of transparency. By comparing practical policy processes surrounding various standards, we aim to provide nuance to the issue of transparency. This study ofpolicy processes, along with examinations of theoretical work in policy analysis, makes clear the limits of merely treating transparency in terms of ‘more’ versus ‘less’. A more thorough understanding of the promise and limits of transparency in policy processes requires, we argue, another dimension, consisting of qualitatively different ‘layers’ of transparency. The basis for our emphasis on this additional dimension is the obvious - yet often overlooked - notion that an examination of standards, which are in turn claimed to disclose hidden, and often physical, risks, needs to take the political context into account as well as the negotiations and framings surrounding the schemes on which the standards are based. Since risks are uncertain, socially and culturally dependent, and since they are evaluated and interpreted in many different ways by actors with diverse ideologies and interests, a more comprehensive transparency must reach far beyond the concrete visibility and direct awareness of the label itself. Based on these claims we find it useful to distinguish between four layers of transparency in relation to standards, certificates and labels: (1) simple, mediated transparency, (2) negotiated transparency, (3) intra-frame transparency and (4) interframe transparency (see figure 1). We maintain, nevertheless, that transparency through standards and labels remains closely related to people’s own direct experiences of risks. Thus, experiences and senses of our environment never loose their relevance even in relation to very abstract, technical and expert-oriented tools. Hence, in addition, direct experience (yet situated, interpreted, etc.) is prevalent at all these four layers. Empirically, this chapter examines how these layers of transparency operate in the context of standardized eco-labelling schemes that are claimed to make invisible risks visible and manageable.
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| 10259. |
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| 10260. |
- Klitkou, Antje, et al.
(författare)
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New path development for forest-based value creation in Norway
- 2019
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Ingår i: From Waste to Value : Valorisation Pathways for Organic Waste Streams in Circular Bioeconomies - Valorisation Pathways for Organic Waste Streams in Circular Bioeconomies. - London : Routledge. - 9781138624979 ; , s. 73-90
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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