| 721. |
- Johansson, Stefan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
-
Cognitive Accessibility for Mentally Disabled Persons
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Human–Computer Interaction. - Cham : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783319227016 - 9783319227009 ; , s. 418-435
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergence of various digital channels, the development of different devices and the change in the way we communicate and carry out various types of services have quickly grown and continues to grow. This may offer both new opportunities for inclusion and risks for creating new barriers in the society. In a recent study we have explored the questions: Is the society digitally accessible for persons with mental disabilities? How do persons with mental disabilities cope with their situation? What are the benefits and obstacles they face? Based on the answers to these questions we wanted to explore if there is a digital divide between the citizens in general and the citizens with mental disabilities. And if so; what is the nature of this divide? Methods used in the study were Participatory action research oriented with data collection via research circles. In total over 100 persons participated. The results show that a digital divide is present. Persons with mental disabilities differ from citizens in general in how they have access to digital resources. The result also indicates that services and systems on a societal scale do not deliver the expected efficiency when it comes to supporting citizens with mental disabilities. And finally the results indicate that the special needs this group might have are often not identified in wider surveys on the citizen's use of Internet, digital services and use of different technical devices. Several of the participants describe this as being left outside and not fully participate in a society where digital presence is considered a prerequisite for a full citizenship.
|
|
| 722. |
- Johansson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparing One-shot and Multi-shot Methods for Solving Periodic Riccati Differential Equations
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the third IFAC Workshop on Periodic Control Systems (PSYCO’07). - : International Federation of Automatic Control. - 9783902661302 ; , s. 1-6
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- One-shot methods and recently proposed multi-shot methods for computing stabilizing solutions of continuous-time periodic Riccati differential equations are examined and evaluated on two test problems: (i) a stabilization problem for an artificially constructed time-varying linear system for which the exact solution is known; (ii) a nonlinear stabilization problem for a devil stick juggling model along a periodic trajectory. The numerical comparisons are performed using both general purpose and symplectic integration methods for solving the associated Hamiltonian differential systems. In the multi-shot method a stable subspace is determined using recent algorithms for computing a reordered periodic real Schur form. The results show the increased accuracy achievable by combining multi-shot methods with structure preserving (symplectic) integration techniques.
|
|
| 723. |
- Johansson, Stefan, 1980
(författare)
-
Consequential Validity
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Keynote speech at the annual conference of our research program Modeling and Measuring Competencies in Higher Education – Validation and Methodological Innovations (KoKoHs), October 5th, Kiel, Germany.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 724. |
|
|
| 725. |
|
|
| 726. |
- Johansson, Stefan, 1980, et al.
(författare)
-
Curricula Harmonization? A Study Using Data From National Research Coordinators
- 2017
-
Ingår i: 7th IEA International Research Conference.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The proposed study aims to examine the tendency that national curricula in different educational systems harmonize over time, for example as a consequence of the prevalent impacts of international large-scale assessments (ILSAs), such as TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study), PIRLS (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study) and PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment). Since the TIMSS 1995, a curriculum questionnaire was completed by each national research coordinator (NRC) of all participating countries in each TIMSS cycle. In the present study, data from 2003 and 2015 was used. Information about the extent to which the national mathematics curriculum covered certain topics in the subdomains tested in TIMSS (Number, Algebra, Geometry, Data) was in focus for the analyses. The analytical method used was latent profile analyses where countries belongingness to a certain profile was observed. The preliminary analyses did not show any indications of a general harmonization or differentiation of countries curricula over time. Most countries belonged to the same profile 2003 and 2015. A larger time span would most likely be needed to trace any harmonizing effects.
|
|
| 727. |
- Johansson, Stefan, 1980, et al.
(författare)
-
Cyberbullying and its relationship with physical, verbal, and relational bullying: a structural equation modelling approach
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Educational Psychology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0144-3410 .- 1469-5820. ; 41:3, s. 320-337
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article focuses on the contentious relation between cyberbullying and physical, verbal, and relational bullying. Drawing on items from the Olweus questionnaire, the study used confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling, and latent factors of bullying were fitted to the data. Different background variables were related to cyberbullying and traditional bullying factors. The results revealed high correlations between physical, verbal, and relational bullying. While the relations between cyberbullying and physical and verbal bullying were modest to moderate, a substantial correlation between cyberbullying and relational bullying was observed (.69). Further, it was noted that the level of anxiety had a stronger relation with the cyberbullying factor, while number of friends was similarly related to all four bullying factors. The implications of the high relation between cyber and relational bullying, as well as their similar association with the covariates, were discussed.
|
|
| 728. |
- Johansson, Susanne, 1977-
(författare)
-
Design and Synthesis of Sialic Acid Conjugates as Inhibitors of EKC-causing Adenoviruses
- 2008
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The combat against viral diseases has been, and still is, a major challenge in the field of drug development. Viruses are intracellular parasites that use the host cell ma-chinery for their replication and release. Therefore it is difficult to target and destroy the viral particle without disturbing the essential functions of the host cell. This thesis describes studies towards antiviral agents targeting adenovirus type 37 (Ad37), which causes the severe ocular infection epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC). Cell surface oligosaccharides serve as cellular receptors for many pathogens, including viruses and bacteria. For EKC-causing adenoviruses, cell surface oligo-saccharides with terminal sialic acid have recently been shown to be critical for their attachment to and infection of host cells. The work in this thesis support these re-sults and identifies the minimal binding epitope for viral recognition. As carbo-hydrate–protein interactions in general, the sialic acid–Ad37 interaction is very weak. Nature overcomes this problem and vastly improves the binding affinity by presenting the carbohydrates in a multivalent fashion. Adenoviruses interact with their cellular receptors via multiple fiber proteins, whereby it is likely that the ideal inhibitor of adenoviral infections should be multivalent. This thesis includes design and synthesis of multivalent sialic acid glycoconjugates that mimic the structure of the cellular receptor in order to inhibit adenoviral attachment to and infection of human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells. Synthetic routes to three different classes of sialic acid conjugates, i.e. derivatives of sialic acid, 3’-sialyllactose and N-acyl modified sialic acids, and their multivalent counterparts on human serum albumine (HSA) have been developed. Evaluation of these conjugates in cell binding and cell infectivity assays revealed that they are effective as inhibitors. Moreover the results verify the hypothesis of the multivalency effect and clearly shows that the power of inhibition is significantly increased with higher orders of valency. Potential inhibi-tors could easily be transferred to the eye using a salve or eye drops, and thereby they would escape the metabolic processes of the body, a major drawback of using carbohydrates as drugs. The results herein could therefore be useful in efforts to develop an antiviral drug for treatment of EKC.
|
|
| 729. |
- Johansson, Stefan, 1963-
(författare)
-
Design for Participation and Inclusion will Follow : Disabled People and the Digital Society
- 2019
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Digitalization is rapidly taking over all aspects of society, but still there are parts of the population who have to struggle for access to, and to be able to use, the digital resources. Design processes and outcomes in the form of artefacts, that takes accessibility into account, is key to participation. This gives the designer a central role in providing for a more equal participation of all, in the digital society. The work in this thesis contributes to a better understanding of the prerequisites for participation in the digital society, and in the design processes to accomplish this, by presenting research done together with three communities: people with cognitive impairments, people with mental health issues and homeless people.The overall question has been How can participation in the digital society be understood? We have investigated the nature of difficulties or enabling factors for people with impairments, people with mental health issues and homeless people, when using the internet. We have also investigated possible digital divides within the groups, and how they can be explained.Ontologically, the work is based on an assumption that knowledge is to be found in a dialectic interplay between the material world and how we interpret what is going on in this world. The underlying epistemological assumption is that data has to be empiric, and critically interpreted in dialogue between members of the communities, which are being researched, and other stakeholders. This work draws on the idea of emancipation and that research can be liberating.The work also takes on a pragmatic stance. We have used adapted versions of Emancipatory Participatory Research, and of Participatory and Value Sensitive Design, thus making them accessible to people with cognitive impairments, people with mental health issues or homeless people. We have tested and adapted methods for sampling of rare populations, to enhance the quality of quantitative studies of how people with impairments and people with mental health issues have access to, and are using, the internet.In our research, we have found fourteen prerequisites, all of which need to be in place to provide for participation. To promote participation, we need a toolbox of methods and accessible tools. Finally, to analyse what is going on we need an analytical model which allows for analysis on multiple levels and from multiple perspectives.As a result, I here propose, define and position a framework for researching and understanding participation in the digital society, based on three parts: Guidelines, Ethics and Statistics. Guidelines can be understood as the theories, the regulations, the standards, etc. that inform our thinking. Ethics guide us in the right direction. Statistics make progress or lack of progress visible.The conclusion is: if we plan for participation - by improved statistic survey sampling methods, a participatory approach to collaborative research and in using research methods in an accessible and emancipatory way – inclusion will follow.
|
|
| 730. |
- Johansson, Stefan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
-
Disability Digital Divide : The Use of the Internet, Smartphones, Computers and Tablets among People with Disabilities in Sweden
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Although Sweden is one of the most digitalized countries and the Swedish population’s use of the internet is among the most studied in the world, little is known about how Swedes with disabilities use internet.PurposeTo describe use of and perceived difficulties in use of the internet among people with disabilities, and to explore digital divides in-between and within disability groups, and in comparison to the general population.MethodsA cross-sectional survey targeting the same issues as other nationwide surveys but adapted for people with cognitive disabilities. Participants were recruited from May to October 2017 by adaptive snowball sampling. The survey comprised questions on access to and use of devices, and use of and perceived difficulties in use of internet.Results771 people responded to the survey, representing 35 diagnoses/impairments. Larger proportions of people with autism, ADHD and bipolar disorder reported using internet than other disability groups. Women with autism used the internet more than any other disability group, and women with aphasia used the internet the least. People with disabilities related to language and understanding reported more difficulties using internet than other disability groups. Larger proportions of participants than the general Swedish population, reported not feeling digitally included. In many but not all disability groups larger proportions of men than women reported not feeling digitally included.ConclusionsOur findings show that there are differences in digital inclusion between sub-groups of diagnoses/impairments. Thus, disability digital divides are preferably investigated by sub-grouping disabilities, rather than studied as one homogeneous group.
|
|
